JAMB UTME - Christian Religious Studies - 2023

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The prophet who confronted the people with the challenge of rebuilding the temple after the exile was Haggai.
Haggai, a prophet from the Old Testament, played a crucial role in encouraging the Jewish people to rebuild the temple in Jerusalem after they returned from the Babylonian exile. The people had been living in Jerusalem for many years but had neglected to rebuild the temple, which was an essential symbol of their faith and identity.
Haggai emphasized the importance of prioritizing the rebuilding of the temple. He reminded the people that their lack of progress and prosperity was due to their negligence in not rebuilding the temple. Haggai urged the people to consider their ways and reflect on the fact that they were investing in their own homes but neglecting God's house.
Through his prophecies and persuasive words, Haggai motivated the people to resume the reconstruction of the temple. He assured them that God would be with them and bless their efforts if they obeyed his instructions. The people responded to Haggai's message and started working on rebuilding the temple under the leadership of Zerubbabel, the governor of Judah, and Joshua, the high priest.
In summary, Haggai was the prophet who confronted the people with the challenge of rebuilding the temple after the exile. He played a pivotal role in inspiring and motivating the Jewish people to prioritize and resume the construction of the temple, which was a significant symbol of their faith and connection with God.

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The Babylonian Exile was a consequence of the Israelites' disobedience to God and their social injustices. The Bible records that the Israelites had turned away from God and were worshipping idols, and their society was marked by injustice and oppression. God allowed the Babylonians to conquer them as a punishment for their sins.

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The correct answer is 1 Peter. In the epistle of 1 Peter, the apostle Peter reminds believers that they are part of a "chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation" while facing persecution.
Peter wrote this letter to encourage and strengthen the believers who were facing difficulties and persecution for their faith. He reminded them that they were part of a chosen race, meaning that they were chosen by God to be His own special people.
He also described them as a royal priesthood, signifying their close relationship with God and their role in representing Him to the world. In the Old Testament, only the priests had access to God, but now, through Jesus Christ, all believers have direct access to God and are called to serve Him.
Peter further emphasized that they were a holy nation, indicating that they were set apart for God's purposes and called to live lives that reflect His holiness. Despite the challenges they were facing, Peter encouraged the believers to remember their identity as God's chosen people and to hold on to their faith.
Through this reminder, Peter sought to instill hope, strength, and perseverance in the hearts of the believers, reminding them that they were not alone in their struggles and that they had a significant purpose and identity in Christ.

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True religion in Christianity emphasizes the importance of unity among believers. This means that Christians are encouraged to come together, support one another, and live in harmony. They are called to treat each other with love and respect, regardless of differences in opinions or backgrounds. This unity is based on the belief that all Christians are part of the same family, the family of God.
Unity is important because it reflects the character of God and strengthens the community of believers. It is also a witness to the world, showing them the love and power of God. Jesus prayed for unity among his followers, saying, "May they be brought to complete unity to let the world know that you sent me and have loved them even as you have loved me" (John 17:23).
While material wealth and prosperity, rigid adherence to traditions, and isolation from the world may have their place in some aspects of Christianity, they are not the primary focus of true religion. Jesus taught that the greatest commandments are to love God and love others (Matthew 22:37-39), and this love should be expressed through unity and support for one another.
In summary, true religion in Christianity emphasizes the importance of unity among believers. It is a call to come together, support one another, live in harmony, and treat each other with love and respect. This unity reflects the character of God, strengthens the community of believers, and is a witness to the world.

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The event that marked the beginning of the Early Church's fellowship was Pentecost.
Pentecost was a Jewish festival that took place 50 days after Passover. It was during this festival when the Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples of Jesus, fulfilling His promise to send them a helper.
After the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus, the disciples were gathered together in a room, uncertain and afraid. Suddenly, there was a sound like a rushing wind and tongues of fire appeared above each of them. They were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began to speak in different languages, miraculously understood by people from different regions who were present in Jerusalem at that time.
This event was significant because it empowered the disciples to go out and spread the teachings of Jesus to people from all over the world. They were no longer afraid but boldly proclaimed the message of Jesus with confidence and power.
Pentecost marked the birth of the Early Church, where believers came together in fellowship, sharing everything they had and caring for one another. They devoted themselves to the apostles' teachings, to prayer, and to the breaking of bread (communion).
In summary, Pentecost was the event when the Holy Spirit came upon the disciples, empowering them to spread the message of Jesus and starting the fellowship and unity of the Early Church.

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The prophet who emphasized the concept of "the day of the Lord" as a time of judgment and salvation was Joel. In the book of Joel, he speaks about the day of the Lord as a time when God will intervene in human history to judge the wicked and bring salvation to his people.
Joel describes the day of the Lord as a day of darkness and destruction, when the Lord will bring judgment upon the nations for their wickedness. He warns the people to repent and turn to the Lord, so that they may be saved from the coming judgment.
But Joel also brings a message of hope and restoration. He tells the people that if they repent and return to the Lord with all their hearts, he will show them mercy and pour out his Spirit upon them. This outpouring of the Spirit will bring about a time of blessing and abundance, when the Lord will restore what has been lost and guide his people in righteousness.
So, in summary, Joel emphasized the concept of the day of the Lord as a time of judgment for the wicked and salvation for those who repent and turn to the Lord. He encouraged the people to seek the Lord and follow his ways, so that they may be saved and experience the blessings of his kingdom.

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The Gospels, which are the accounts of Jesus' life and teachings in the New Testament, portray God's sovereignty concerning human salvation in a specific way.

God's sovereignty over human salvation is based on His grace and mercy. The Gospels emphasize that salvation is not something that humans can attain solely through their own efforts or achievements. Instead, it is a gift from God that comes out of His abundant love and mercy for humanity. In the Gospel of John, for example, Jesus says, "For God so loved the world that he gave his one and only Son, that whoever believes in him shall not perish but have eternal life" (John 3:16).

Salvation is accessible to all, not just a select few. The Gospels make it clear that God's desire is for all people to be saved. In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus states, "The Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost" (Luke 19:10). This shows that salvation is not limited to a particular group or chosen few, but is available to anyone who desires to be saved.

Human choices are involved in salvation, but they are not the primary determining factor. While human choices play a role in receiving salvation, they are not the ultimate deciding factor. In the Gospels, Jesus often calls people to repent, believe, and follow Him. However, it is important to note that even the ability to make these choices is a result of God's grace working in a person's life. As Jesus says in the Gospel of John, "No one can come to me unless the Father who sent me draws them" (John 6:44).

In summary, the Gospels portray God's sovereignty concerning human salvation as a combination of God's grace and mercy, accessibility to all people, and the involvement of human choices under God's guidance. It emphasizes that salvation is a gift from God, available to all who believe, and made possible by His loving and merciful nature.

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According to the Gospels, the profession of Peter and Andrew before becoming disciples of Jesus was fishermen. This means that their main job and source of income was catching fish.
As fishermen, Peter and Andrew would spend most of their time in boats, using fishing nets and other equipment to catch fish from the sea or lakes. They would have to work hard and be skilled at finding the best fishing spots, handling the fishing equipment, and dealing with the challenges of the water.
Being fishermen was a physically demanding job that required patience, knowledge of the waters, and the ability to work well in a team. It was important for Peter and Andrew to have a good catch of fish to sell in order to make a living for themselves and their families.
However, when Jesus called them to be his disciples, Peter and Andrew left their fishing profession behind and devoted themselves to following Jesus and spreading his teachings. They became His closest companions and played important roles in his ministry.
In summary, before becoming disciples of Jesus, Peter and Andrew were fishermen by profession, relying on catching fish to make a living.

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The epistle that contains the famous analogy of the Church as the "body of Christ" and the members as individual parts is 1 Corinthians.
In 1 Corinthians, the apostle Paul uses this analogy to explain the unity and diversity within the Church. He compares the Church to a human body, emphasizing that just as the body has different parts that serve different functions, so too does the Church have different members with different spiritual gifts and roles.
Paul explains that each member of the Church is unique and important, just like different parts of the body. He emphasizes the importance of everyone working together for the greater good and unity of the Church. Just as the body cannot function properly if one part is missing or not functioning correctly, the Church also cannot thrive without the active participation of each member.
This analogy highlights the idea that each member of the Church is necessary and valuable, regardless of their specific gifts or roles. It stresses the importance of unity, cooperation, and diversity within the body of Christ.
Overall, the analogy of the Church as the "body of Christ" and the members as individual parts can be found in the book of 1 Corinthians.

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Nahum's prophecy mainly focused on the impending doom of Nineveh. Nineveh was the capital of the Assyrian Empire, and it had become a symbol of pride, arrogance, and wickedness. The city was known for its violence, cruelty, and idolatry, and it had oppressed and conquered many nations, including Israel.
Nahum prophesied that Nineveh's destruction was imminent due to its sins and wickedness. He described in detail the devastation that would come upon the city, including the collapse of its walls, the flooding of its rivers, and the desolation of its palaces. Nahum confidently proclaimed that God would bring judgment upon Nineveh for its evil actions.
This prophecy was significant not only for the people of Nineveh but also for the Israelites who had suffered under Assyrian oppression. It brought them hope and comfort, assuring them that God would eventually bring justice and deliverance. The destruction of Nineveh also served as a reminder that no nation, no matter how powerful, is invincible in the face of God's judgment.

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The Gospel that includes the account of Jesus washing the disciples' feet during the Last Supper is the Gospel of John.
In this account, Jesus demonstrates an act of humility and servanthood by washing the feet of his disciples. This event takes place during the Last Supper, which was the final meal Jesus had with his disciples before his crucifixion.
John 13:4-5 provides a clear description of this event: "So [Jesus] got up from the meal, took off his outer clothing, and wrapped a towel around his waist. After that, he poured water into a basin and began to wash his disciples’ feet, drying them with the towel that was wrapped around him."
This act of washing the disciples' feet was significant because it symbolized Jesus' willingness to serve others and the importance of humility in the Christian faith. Jesus used this act to teach his disciples a valuable lesson about love and selflessness.
It is worth noting that while the other Gospels (Matthew, Mark, and Luke) do not specifically mention this event, they do contain accounts of the Last Supper. However, the story of Jesus washing the disciples' feet is unique to the Gospel of John.

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The high priest who played a prominent role in opposing the early Christian movement was Caiaphas. Caiaphas was the high priest from 18 AD to 36 AD during the time of Jesus and the early apostles. Caiaphas is mentioned in the New Testament multiple times, particularly in the accounts of Jesus' trial and crucifixion. He was involved in the conspiracy to have Jesus arrested and brought before the Roman authorities. Caiaphas saw Jesus as a threat to the Jewish religious establishment and feared that his growing popularity among the people could lead to a revolt against Roman rule. In order to maintain the status quo and prevent any instability, Caiaphas saw it necessary to eliminate Jesus. According to the Gospel of John, Caiaphas even made a statement that it was expedient for one man to die for the people in order to prevent further trouble and maintain peace with the Roman authorities. Caiaphas' opposition to the early Christian movement continued even after Jesus' death and resurrection. He was involved in the persecution and imprisonment of the apostles Peter and John, as mentioned in the Book of Acts. In summary, Caiaphas was the high priest who played a prominent role in opposing the early Christian movement. His actions were driven by his fear of Jesus' influence and his desire to maintain the existing religious and political order.

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Jerusalem served as a central hub for the Early Church's fellowship and growth. After the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, the apostles stayed in Jerusalem where they preached and converted many to Christianity.

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According to the Apostle Peter, on the day of the Lord's return, **the heavens and the earth will be destroyed by fire**. In 2 Peter 3:10, Peter describes this event as follows: "But the day of the Lord will come like a thief. The heavens will disappear with a roar; the elements will be destroyed by fire, and the earth and everything done in it will be laid bare." This means that there will be a great and powerful judgement that will take place, resulting in the complete destruction of the current heavens and earth. The intensity of the fire will be so immense that it will cause the heavens to disappear with a loud noise, and all the elements that make up the earth will be consumed by the flames. This will leave the earth and everything in it exposed and laid bare. Peter's teachings suggest that this destruction is necessary to cleanse the world from all the evil and sin that has been present throughout history. It is part of God's plan for the ultimate renewal and restoration of creation. After this destruction, a new heaven and a new earth will be created, where righteousness will dwell, and God's people will experience eternal bliss and paradise. So, in summary, the Apostle Peter affirms that on the day of the Lord's return, the heavens and the earth will be **destroyed by fire**, making way for the creation of a new heaven and earth, where God's righteousness and paradise will be established.

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The prophet who warned the Israelites about the consequences of their disobedience is Hosea. Hosea lived during a time in Israel's history when they were straying away from God and worshipping idols. He was called by God to marry an unfaithful wife as a symbol of Israel's unfaithfulness to God.
Hosea's message was a powerful and heartfelt plea for the Israelites to turn away from their sinful ways and return to God. He warned them of the severe consequences they would face if they continued to disobey God's commandments.
Hosea used vivid imagery and personal experiences to convey his message. He compared Israel to an adulterous wife and likened God's love for them to a faithful husband. He expressed God's deep disappointment and sorrow over Israel's spiritual infidelity.
Hosea made it clear that the only way for the Israelites to escape the impending judgment was to repent and seek forgiveness from God. He emphasized the importance of sincere repentance and genuine faithfulness to God.
Ultimately, Hosea's warning was not only intended to bring the Israelites back to God but also to remind them of His enduring love and desire for reconciliation. Despite their disobedience, God was always ready to forgive and restore them if they turned back to Him.
In summary, Hosea prophetically warned the Israelites about the consequences of their disobedience. His message was delivered through powerful imagery and personal experiences, urging them to repent and return to God.

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The virtue often mentioned alongside impartiality in the selected epistles is Humility.
Humility is the quality of being humble and having a modest opinion of oneself. It is the ability to acknowledge one's limitations, weaknesses, and mistakes. In the context of impartiality, humility is important because it prevents a person from having a biased or superior attitude towards others.
When someone is humble, they are open to considering different perspectives and are more likely to treat everyone fairly and without favoritism. They are not swayed by their own ego or personal biases, but instead, approach situations with an open mind and a willingness to listen and learn from others.
Impartiality and humility go hand in hand because being impartial means treating everyone equally and without prejudice. It requires setting aside personal opinions and considering the facts and evidence objectively. Humility supports impartiality by preventing a person from letting their own biases or sense of superiority influence their judgments or treatment of others.
In summary, the virtue of humility is often mentioned alongside impartiality in the selected epistles because it helps individuals approach situations and people with fairness, open-mindedness, and a lack of prejudice.

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There are **27 books** in the New Testament of the Bible. The New Testament is the second part of the Christian Bible and it contains books that were written after the birth of Jesus Christ. These books were written by different authors, including apostles and disciples of Jesus. The New Testament is composed of several types of books, including the four Gospels, which are accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus Christ (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John). It also includes the Acts of the Apostles, which tells the story of the early Christian church, and the Epistles, which are letters written by apostles like Paul, Peter, and John to different Christian communities. Lastly, the New Testament ends with the Book of Revelation, also known as the Apocalypse, which is a prophetic book that discusses the end times. In total, the New Testament consists of **27 books**, each with its own unique message and purpose.

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The Book of Lamentations is traditionally attributed to Jeremiah. It is a poetic book in the Hebrew Bible that describes the sorrow and mourning over the fall of Jerusalem. Jeremiah was a prophet who lived during a very difficult time in Israel's history, when Jerusalem was invaded and destroyed by the Babylonians. In the book, Jeremiah expresses his grief and anguish over the destruction of the city, the temple, and the suffering of the people. The book is a lament, or a song of mourning, and it reflects the deep sorrow and despair felt by Jeremiah and the people of Judah at that time.

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The period of the "Return from Exile" is associated with King Cyrus's decree. King Cyrus was the ruler of the ancient Persian Empire from 559 to 530 BCE. He is famously known for issuing the Edict of Cyrus or the Cyrus Cylinder, which allowed the Jewish people who were exiled in Babylon to return to their homeland and rebuild their temple in Jerusalem. This decree marked the end of the Babylonian exile and the beginning of the restoration of the Jewish nation. King Cyrus was known for his tolerance and respect for different cultures and religions, which made him favorable among the exiled people. The decree issued by King Cyrus not only allowed the Jewish people to return but also provided them with the necessary resources and support to rebuild their lives and their religious center. This period of "Return from Exile" is seen as a significant event in Jewish history and is associated with King Cyrus's decree.

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Intercession in the context of prayer means praying for others. When we intercede, we are lifting up the needs, concerns, and desires of other people to God. It involves putting ourselves in the place of another person and humbly asking God to meet their needs, provide guidance, or bring healing. Intercession can be done on behalf of individuals, groups, communities, or even nations. It is an act of selflessness and compassion, as we are seeking the well-being and blessings of others through our prayers. While personal requests, thanksgiving, and silent meditation are important aspects of prayer, intercession specifically focuses on directing our prayers towards the needs of others.

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The prominent theme in St. James' Epistles is **faith and works**. In his letters, James emphasizes the importance of not just having faith, but also actively demonstrating it through good works. He highlights that true faith is not simply a belief or intellectual assent, but it should be accompanied by actions that reflect and validate that faith. James teaches that a genuine faith is revealed through practical acts of love, kindness, and compassion towards others. He emphasizes the need for believers to show mercy, help the needy, and care for those who are marginalized or oppressed. James challenges his readers to live out their faith by being doers of the Word, not just hearers. Furthermore, James addresses the relationship between faith and works by stating that one without the other is an incomplete and ineffective expression of Christian faith. He argues that faith without works is dead, just as the body without the spirit is lifeless. James emphasizes that authentic faith should produce tangible results in a person's behavior and conduct. Therefore, the **prominent theme** in St. James' Epistles is the inseparable connection between **faith and works**. True faith should be accompanied by actions that demonstrate the love and grace of God in practical ways, making a positive impact on the lives of others and bringing glory to God.

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The downfall of the Northern Kingdom of Israel was mainly due to the rejection of the Mosaic Law. This led to moral decay and spiritual decline, which eventually led to their downfall.

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In a diverse and multicultural society, civic responsibility involves embracing diversity and promoting inclusivity. It means actively engaging with and respecting people of different backgrounds, cultures, and beliefs. It is important to recognize and value the unique contributions that individuals from diverse backgrounds bring to society. Instead of promoting stereotypes and prejudice, a responsible citizen seeks to challenge and overcome these biases. Civic responsibility also means actively working to create an inclusive and harmonious society, where everyone feels valued and respected. Isolating oneself or disrespecting other cultures and beliefs goes against the principles of civic responsibility. By embracing diversity and promoting inclusivity, we can build a stronger and more unified society for all.

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The author of the Epistle to the Romans is Paul.
Paul, also known as the Apostle Paul, was a significant figure in the early Christian church. He wrote several letters, or epistles, to different communities of believers, and the Epistle to the Romans is one of his most important works.
In the first verse of the letter, Paul introduces himself as the writer, stating, "Paul, a servant of Christ Jesus, called to be an apostle and set apart for the gospel of God" (Romans 1:1). This clear self-identification confirms that Paul is indeed the author.
Throughout the letter, Paul addresses various theological and practical issues, including the contrast between law and grace. He emphasizes that salvation comes through faith in Jesus Christ rather than through adherence to the Jewish law. This theme of the relationship between law and grace is central to the Epistle of Romans.
Therefore, the author of the Epistle to the Romans is Paul, and his writings in this letter provide valuable insights into the contrast between law and grace in the Christian faith.

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The correct answer is Peter, James, and John. These were three of Jesus' closest disciples, chosen to witness the Transfiguration.
During this event, Jesus brought Peter, James, and John up a mountain. There, Jesus' appearance changed and became radiant. His clothes became dazzling white, and Moses and Elijah appeared and spoke with Him. This was a special moment where Jesus revealed His divine glory to these disciples.
Peter, James, and John were chosen to witness this event because they were the disciples that Jesus trusted the most. They were present for other significant moments in Jesus' ministry, such as when Jesus raised Jairus' daughter from the dead and during His agonizing prayer in the Garden of Gethsemane.
It is worth noting that the other disciples were not present during the Transfiguration. They stayed behind and likely continued their everyday activities. This shows that Jesus had a select group of disciples, including Peter, James, and John, who were given the privilege of witnessing and experiencing certain extraordinary events.

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The prophet who spoke extensively about the restoration of Israel and the coming of the Messiah was Malachi. Malachi was the last prophet in the Old Testament, and his book contains prophecies about a future restoration of Israel and the coming of the Messiah.
Malachi begins by addressing the people of Israel and expresses God's love for them. He then calls out the people's sins and exhorts them to return to the Lord with sincerity and repentance.
In Malachi 3:1, he prophesies about the coming of the Messiah, saying, "See, I will send my messenger, who will prepare the way before me. Then suddenly the Lord you are seeking will come to his temple; the messenger of the covenant, whom you desire, will come." This verse foretells the coming of John the Baptist, who prepared the way for Jesus Christ, the Messiah.
Malachi also speaks about the restoration of Israel. In Malachi 4:5-6, he says, "See, I will send the prophet Elijah to you before that great and dreadful day of the Lord comes. He will turn the hearts of the parents to their children, and the hearts of the children to their parents." This prophecy refers to the future restoration and reconciliation of families and the turning of hearts towards God.
Overall, Malachi's prophecies about the restoration of Israel and the coming of the Messiah are significant in the context of the Old Testament. They provide hope and anticipation for the fulfillment of God's promises and the eventual redemption of His people.

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Pharisees were the group of religious leaders who were particularly hostile towards Jesus in the Gospel of Matthew.
The Pharisees were a strict and influential religious sect in ancient Judaism. They were known for their devotion to the Mosaic Law and their meticulous observance of religious traditions. However, they also placed great importance on their own interpretation and application of the Law.
Throughout the Gospel of Matthew, we see numerous encounters between Jesus and the Pharisees. These encounters often involved the Pharisees challenging Jesus' teachings and authority.
One of the main reasons for the hostility of the Pharisees towards Jesus was their fear of losing influence and control over the Jewish people. Jesus' teachings and actions challenged the established religious authority of the Pharisees and threatened their position of power.
Additionally, Jesus criticized the Pharisees for their hypocrisy and legalism. He exposed their external religious practices while highlighting the importance of internal righteousness and a genuine relationship with God.
The Pharisees frequently questioned and tested Jesus in an attempt to discredit him. They accused him of breaking the Sabbath, associating with sinners, and even performing miracles by the power of Satan.
In summary, the Pharisees were particularly hostile towards Jesus because his teachings and actions threatened their religious authority and challenged their interpretations of the Law. They saw him as a threat to their power and influence, leading to frequent confrontations and attempts to discredit him throughout the Gospel of Matthew.

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The prophet associated with the "valley of dry bones" vision, symbolizing the restoration of Israel from exile, is Ezekiel.
In this vision, Ezekiel saw himself in a valley filled with dry bones. These bones represented the "whole house of Israel" who were in a state of hopelessness and despair during their exile. God asked Ezekiel if these bones could live again, and Ezekiel wisely responded, "O Lord God, you know."
Then, God commanded Ezekiel to prophesy to the bones and say, "Dry bones, hear the word of the Lord! This is what the Sovereign Lord says: I will make breath enter you, and you will come to life." As Ezekiel prophesied, the bones began to come together, tendons and flesh covered them, and breath entered them, bringing them back to life.
This vision symbolized God's promise to restore the nation of Israel from their exile and bring them back to their land. It represented the renewal and revitalization of the people of Israel, who were spiritually and physically dead during their exile. God promised to gather them from the nations where they were scattered, put His Spirit in them, and bring them back to their own land.
Thus, the "valley of dry bones" vision in which the restoration of Israel from exile is symbolized is associated with the prophet Ezekiel.

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The story of the "Good Samaritan" can be found in the Gospel of Luke. In this story, Jesus tells of a man who was traveling from Jerusalem to Jericho and fell among thieves. They attacked him, took his belongings, and left him wounded on the side of the road.
A priest and a Levite both passed by the wounded man without offering any help or assistance. However, a Samaritan, who was despised by the Jews during that time, came along and showed great compassion and love for the wounded man.
The Samaritan bandaged the man's wounds, poured oil and wine on them to provide healing, and took him to an inn where he could receive further care. The next day, the Samaritan even paid the innkeeper to take care of the man until he was fully recovered.
Jesus used this parable to teach a lesson about love and compassion. He wanted to emphasize that everyone, regardless of their background or social status, should show love and mercy to others in need. The story of the "Good Samaritan" serves as a reminder to treat others with kindness and to go out of our way to help those who are suffering.
So, the answer is: The story of the "Good Samaritan" can be found in the Gospel of Luke.

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The prophet from the Old Testament who strongly condemned the greed of the wealthy and powerful is Amos. Amos was a shepherd from a small village, but he was chosen by God to deliver a message to the people of Israel. His message was filled with strong words against the social injustices and moral corruption that plagued the society at the time.
Amos spoke out against those who oppressed the poor and exploited the needy for their own gain. He denounced the wealthy, powerful individuals who lived in luxury while disregarding the suffering of the less fortunate. Amos saw their greed as a direct violation of God's commandments to love and care for one another.
In his prophecies, Amos emphasized the need for justice, righteousness, and compassion in society. He warned the people of Israel that their disregard for the poor and their obsession with wealth would bring about God's judgment. Amos called for a return to ethical behavior and a genuine concern for the wellbeing of others.
In summary, Amos was a prophet who strongly condemned the greed of the wealthy and powerful. He challenged the social inequality and called for justice and compassion. His powerful words continue to remind us of the importance of fairness and generosity in our own societies.

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During the triumphal entry, the Pharisees criticized Jesus because they believed He was claiming to be the Messiah. This is evident in Luke 19:39 where the Pharisees in the crowd said to Jesus, 'Teacher, rebuke your disciples!' They were upset that the crowd was proclaiming Jesus as the Messiah.

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Divine love in Christianity is primarily expressed through God's grace and mercy.
In Christianity, divine love refers to the unconditional, selfless love that God has for all people. This love is the foundation of Christian faith and is demonstrated through various means.
Firstly, divine love is expressed through God's grace. Grace is the undeserved favor and kindness that God extends to humanity. It is through God's grace that believers are forgiven of their sins and reconciled with Him. This grace is freely given to all who accept and believe in Jesus Christ as their Savior. It is not earned through rituals, ceremonies, or obedience to rules but is a gift that comes from God's boundless love for humanity.
Secondly, divine love is expressed through God's mercy. Mercy refers to God's compassion and forgiveness towards those who have sinned or fallen short of His standards. In Christianity, believers understand that they are imperfect and prone to make mistakes. However, God's mercy allows for forgiveness and second chances. It is through God's mercy that believers can experience a restored relationship with Him, despite their flaws and failures.
While rituals and ceremonies have a place in Christian worship and church attendance is encouraged for fellowship and spiritual growth, they are not the primary means through which divine love is expressed. Similarly, the Ten Commandments serve as a moral guide for believers, but they do not encompass the entirety of divine love. Rather, it is through God's grace and mercy that His love is most clearly demonstrated in Christianity.

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The book in the New Testament where we can find the account of Apostle Paul's conversion and subsequent missionary journeys is the Acts of the Apostles. This book, also known as the Book of Acts, was written by Luke, who was a companion of Paul.
In the beginning of the book, it describes the events surrounding Jesus' ascension into heaven and the coming of the Holy Spirit on the day of Pentecost. After this, it focuses on the early Christian community and the spreading of the gospel to different regions.
In Acts chapter 9, we find the story of Paul's dramatic conversion on the road to Damascus. Paul, formerly known as Saul, was a persecutor of Christians. However, during his journey to arrest Christians, he encountered a bright light from heaven and heard the voice of Jesus asking him why he was persecuting Him. This experience led to Paul's conversion, and he became a dedicated follower of Jesus.
Following his conversion, Acts follows Paul's missionary journeys as he travels throughout different regions such as Antioch, Ephesus, Corinth, and Rome. The book provides detailed accounts of Paul's preaching, miracles, and interactions with various individuals and communities.
Overall, the Acts of the Apostles is the book in the New Testament that narrates Apostle Paul's conversion and his subsequent missionary journeys in a comprehensive and understandable way.

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The epistle in which the apostle Paul extensively discusses the concept of "New Life in Christ" is the Epistle to the Ephesians. In this letter, Paul emphasizes the idea of believers being transformed by their faith in Jesus Christ. He explains how through Christ's sacrifice and resurrection, we can experience a new birth and become new creatures in Him. In Ephesians, Paul highlights the blessings and benefits that come with this new life in Christ. He emphasizes the spiritual riches that believers have in Christ, including redemption, forgiveness of sins, and the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. Paul also emphasizes our unity with Christ and with one another as members of the body of Christ. Moreover, Paul encourages believers to walk in love and righteousness, to put off the old ways of their former life, and to be renewed in their minds. He encourages them to live out their faith in practical ways, seeking to imitate Christ and to put on the characteristics of godliness. Overall, the Epistle to the Ephesians is a powerful reminder of the transformative power of the gospel in the lives of believers. It teaches us about the new identity and new way of living that we have in Christ Jesus.

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It was a period of Peace.

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In the Gospel of Matthew, there is a story where Jesus walks on water to meet His disciples who are in a boat. In this story, one of the disciples also tries to walk on water but ends up sinking. This disciple is Peter.
Here's a simple explanation of what happens:
- Jesus' disciples are in a boat on the sea when they see Jesus walking towards them on the water. - Initially, the disciples are frightened because they think Jesus is a ghost. - Jesus reassures them by saying, "Take heart; it is I. Do not be afraid." - Peter then responds, "Lord, if it is you, command me to come to you on the water." - Jesus gives Peter permission, saying, "Come." - Peter gets out of the boat and starts walking on the water towards Jesus. - However, as Peter sees the strong wind, he becomes afraid and starts to sink. - He cries out, "Lord, save me!" - Immediately, Jesus reaches out His hand and catches Peter, saying, "O you of little faith, why did you doubt?" - They both then get into the boat, and the wind ceases.
This story is often interpreted as a lesson about having faith in Jesus. When Peter steps out of the boat, he demonstrates great faith. However, when he allows fear to overwhelm his faith, he begins to sink. It highlights the importance of trusting in Jesus even in difficult circumstances.

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The early Christian community in Acts made decisions about the distribution of resources to the needy by appointing deacons to oversee the process. These deacons were chosen among the believers to ensure that resources were being distributed fairly and equitably to those in need.
They did not leave it to chance and luck. Instead, they recognized the importance of having responsible leaders who could manage the distribution process effectively.
They did not simply give everything to the apostles for distribution. While the apostles played a key role in teaching and leading the community, they understood the need to delegate the task of resource distribution to others. This allowed the apostles to focus on their primary responsibilities while ensuring that the needs of the community were being met.
They also did not rely on the guidance of local rulers. While the Christian community respected and followed the laws of the land, they took it upon themselves to create a system within their own community to address the needs of the needy.
Therefore, the early Christian community in Acts appointed deacons to oversee the distribution of resources, ensuring that it was done in a fair and orderly manner. By doing so, they were able to effectively meet the needs of the community and demonstrate their commitment to caring for one another.

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The Gospel that gives the most detailed account of Jesus' temptation is **Matthew**. In Matthew's account, he provides a comprehensive narrative of Jesus being led into the wilderness by the Holy Spirit to be tempted by the devil. Matthew gives **specific details** about the **three temptations** that Jesus faced. He describes how the devil tempted Jesus to turn stones into bread, to jump off the pinnacle of the temple to test God's protection, and to worship the devil in exchange for all the kingdoms of the world. Additionally, Matthew includes **dialogue** between Jesus and the devil, giving insight into the thoughts and intentions of both parties during the temptation. For example, Jesus responds to each temptation with a Scripture reference, emphasizing the importance of relying on God's Word. In contrast, the other Gospels provide briefer accounts of Jesus' temptation. Mark mentions the temptation in just two verses, while Luke expands on it slightly but still doesn't go into as much detail as Matthew. John's Gospel does not include a specific account of Jesus' temptation at all. Overall, **Matthew's Gospel** stands out as the one that provides the **richest and most detailed** account of Jesus' temptation, including specific details and dialogue that offer deeper insight into this significant event in Jesus' life.

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Setting boundaries and rules for children helps them develop a sense of discipline and responsibility. Boundaries provide a safe space for children to explore and understand their environment, while rules guide their behavior and actions, teaching them what is acceptable and what is not. This helps inculcate a sense of discipline and responsibility in them.

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The root cause of showing partiality to others, as described in the epistles, is favoring those who can offer personal benefits. This means that people tend to show favoritism towards others who they believe can provide them with personal advantages or benefits. This can include opportunities, favors, or even special treatment. When individuals prioritize their personal gain over treating others fairly, it leads to the practice of showing partiality. Favoring those who can offer personal benefits can stem from various reasons. For instance, individuals may feel that by aligning themselves with influential or powerful individuals, they can gain access to better opportunities or resources. This could be seen in situations where people might prefer to associate with someone who holds a higher social or economic status, hoping to gain advantages from their relationships. Moreover, people might show partiality to others because they fear being judged by others. They might seek acceptance and validation from their peers or society, leading them to prioritize those who are perceived favorably by others. This fear of judgment can cause individuals to overlook fairness and equality, as they are more focused on maintaining their social standing. Lack of self-confidence can also contribute to showing partiality. In some cases, individuals may feel inferior or inadequate compared to others. To compensate for this, they might display favoritism towards those they perceive as superior, hoping to be associated with them and boost their own self-esteem. This can result in unfair treatment of others who are not considered part of the preferred group. It is essential to distinguish between showing partiality based on personal benefits and maintaining healthy relationships or connections. While it is natural for people to develop bonds with individuals who offer support or positive experiences, it becomes problematic when this favoritism interferes with fairness and equality. In summary, the root cause of showing partiality to others, as shown in the epistles, is favoring those who can offer personal benefits. This can stem from a desire to gain personal advantages, fear of judgment, lack of self-confidence, or seeking validation from others. Ultimately, it is crucial to prioritize fairness and equality in our interactions with others.