JAMB UTME - Agricultural Science - 2022

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Irrigation is the artificial watering of farmland.

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The branch of ecology that deals with the study of an individual organism and its interaction with the environment is called "autecology."

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An Agricultural Extension Officer is a person who is involved in the dissemination of new ideas and techniques from the research institutes to the farmers. They play a crucial role in bridging the gap between research and farmers, ensuring that the latest advancements in agriculture are being effectively communicated and implemented on the ground.

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It is very expensive to operate.

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Emergence refers to the appearance of a seedling above soil level.

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Plough.

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Seeds are raised in the nursery for several reasons, including: - To protect them from harsh environmental conditions, such as extreme temperatures or heavy rain, which could damage or kill the seeds. - To provide them with a controlled environment with optimal growing conditions, such as the right amount of water, nutrients, and light. - To monitor and manage pests and diseases that could harm the seeds. - To allow for easier transplanting and handling of the seedlings once they are ready to be moved to their final growing location.

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Pulses.

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Incubator.

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Poisoning is not a commonly used fishing method and is generally considered unethical and harmful to the environment. The other three techniques, netting, trapping, and hooks and lines, are commonly used methods in fishing.

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High level of literacy among farmers

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The main function of an Agricultural Extension Officer is to pass information or new innovation from the research institute to the farmers, not just pass information but sometimes also demonstrate how to use these information. They are like and intermediary between the researchers and the farmers.

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The botanical name for maize is Zea mays.

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The quantity of ration that can supply the required nutrients above the maintenance to enable the animal to produce the form of animal product for which the livestock is kept is known as a "production ration."

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Pollution

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Synecology

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- Dioscorea alata

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The condition that is not necessary for germination is "zero temperature." All seeds require an optimum temperature range for successful germination, which varies among different plant species. While some seeds may require a specific temperature, such as stratification or scarification to overcome dormancy, no seeds can germinate at zero temperature. Therefore, the correct statement is: The following conditions are necessary for germination except zero temperature: - adequate moisture - viable seed - optimum temperature

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Availability of fund

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Mouldboard plough makes deeper cuts than disc plough

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Primary tillage is also known as "ploughing."

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Malnutrition is said to occur when a ration does not provide all the food nutrients in adequate quantities needed by an animal.

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Planting depth is the distance of the sown seed in the soil from the soil surface.

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Poor transportation network.

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Mass media method.

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Stumping operation involves the use of farm tools like the cutlass, spade, mattock, ax, bull-dozer, etc, to manually or mechanically remove or uproot the base of trees and shrubs. This is done to compose cultivation easier and free from obstruction.

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The problem that is usually not associated with subsistence agriculture is "it requires a large area of land." Subsistence agriculture is typically practiced on small plots of land and involves growing crops and raising livestock for the sole purpose of feeding one's family, without generating any surplus for sale. The other three problems mentioned (unreliable family labour supply, use of simple tools, and lack of surplus for sale) are all commonly associated with subsistence agriculture.

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The A-Horizon of soil profile is also called the "top soil."

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The feed that is regularly offered to or consumed by the animal is called a "ration".

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Fertilizer.

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Planting of trees.

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Agricultural extension is the process which assist farmers through educational procedures in improving farming methods.

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The "red revolution programme" is not an example of agricultural extension.

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The nutrient class that is used only for energy production in farm animals is Carbohydrates. While all nutrient classes can be sources of energy for animals, carbohydrates are particularly important for providing energy quickly and efficiently. Proteins and minerals are primarily used for building and repairing tissues and structures in the body, while fat and oil serve a variety of functions including energy storage, insulation, and as building blocks for certain hormones.

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Nursery is a special place prepared for raising seedlings which are later taken to the field for planting.

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Outbreeding.

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"Reduce the confidence of your audience" is not a principle of agricultural extension.

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Temperature

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The process of removing excess seedlings from a seedbed after the viable seeds have germinated is called "thinning".