JAMB UTME - Government - 2019

Antwortdetails

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the Lower House and the House of Representatives. The Lower House, also known as the House of Commons, was made up of elected members who represented their constituencies. They were responsible for introducing and passing bills related to the governance of the country. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, was made up of appointed members who represented various interest groups and were tasked with advising the government on policy matters. Together, the Lower House and the House of Representatives formed the National Assembly, which was the legislative arm of the government in the second republic.

Antwortdetails

The implication of the passage of a vote of no confidence is to demonstrate disapproval which will lead to the retirement of the entire cabinet and its head.

Antwortdetails

The solidarity for self-governance system and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and Non-Africans in diaspora is termed Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a political and social movement that originated in the late 19th century and early 20th century among Africans and people of African descent, both on the African continent and in the diaspora. The movement sought to promote solidarity among Africans and people of African descent, as well as to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers. Pan-Africanism emerged in response to the colonization of Africa and the oppression of people of African descent around the world. The movement was driven by the belief that people of African descent shared a common history, culture, and destiny, and that they should work together to achieve their liberation and equality. Pan-Africanism has taken many forms over the years, from cultural and artistic expressions to political and economic cooperation. Its goals have included the establishment of independent African states, the promotion of African unity, the advancement of economic and social development in Africa, and the elimination of racism and discrimination against people of African descent worldwide. In summary, Pan-Africanism is the term used to describe the solidarity for self-governance and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and people of African descent in the diaspora. The movement seeks to promote unity and cooperation among people of African descent and to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers.

Antwortdetails

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the military regime of Ibrahim Babangida in Nigeria. The AFRC was the highest decision-making body during Babangida's rule from 1985 to 1993, and it was made up of military officers who ruled the country by decree. The council was established after Babangida overthrew the previous military regime of Muhammadu Buhari, and it continued to wield significant power until Babangida's eventual resignation in 1993. Therefore, "Ibrahim Babangida's regime," is the correct answer.

Antwortdetails

2/3 majority support or vote of the National Assembly members was enough under the 1963 Constitution to remove a federal judge.

Antwortdetails

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has its headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. The Hague is a city in the western part of the Netherlands that is known for hosting many international courts and tribunals, including the ICC. The ICC is an international court that was established to investigate and prosecute individuals for the most serious crimes, such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. By having its headquarters in The Hague, the ICC is able to carry out its important work in an international and neutral setting.

Antwortdetails

The duty of amending the United Nations Charter, the foundational document that established the United Nations, falls under the responsibility of the General Assembly. The General Assembly is the main deliberative body of the United Nations, where all member states have equal representation and participate in decision-making on important issues related to international peace and security, development, human rights, and more. Amending the Charter is a serious matter that requires a consensus among the member states, and the General Assembly plays a critical role in facilitating the process of proposing, debating, and adopting any changes to the Charter. Therefore, the General Assembly is the appropriate body to undertake this responsibility.

Antwortdetails

The Executive Council of the African Union makes decisions by consensus. This means that all members of the council work together to reach a common agreement that everyone can support. Consensus is a decision-making process where everyone's opinions and concerns are taken into account and a solution is reached that is acceptable to all. It is a collaborative approach that encourages open communication, active listening, and compromise. Unlike a majority vote, consensus ensures that everyone's ideas are valued and incorporated into the final decision, leading to more effective and inclusive outcomes. The veto of the General Secretariat is not a decision-making mechanism used by the Executive Council.

Antwortdetails

Seek an appeal under another judgement is the best answer because the right to seek redress as a fundamental element of rule of law must mean that aggrieved parties should be afforded the opportunity to have their cases re-examined especially by a court of higher authority.

Antwortdetails

Political sovereignty is unlikely to necessitate the emergence of a federal system. A federal system is a form of government that divides power and authority between a central government and regional governments. This type of system is typically adopted when there is a need to accommodate regional differences and diverse interests within a country, while still maintaining a sense of national unity. Social factors, such as differences in language, religion, and ethnicity, can make it difficult to govern a diverse population without a federal system. Geographical factors, such as a large land area or natural barriers, can create regional differences that require different policies and regulations. Cultural diversity, such as different traditions, values, and customs, can lead to conflicts that can be better managed under a federal system. However, political sovereignty, or the ability of a government to exercise authority within its own borders without external interference, is not necessarily a factor that requires a federal system. A country with a strong central government and a relatively homogenous population may not need a federal system to maintain stability and unity. In fact, some countries with high levels of political sovereignty, such as China, have a centralized form of government rather than a federal one.

Antwortdetails

The tolerance posture for the development of political parties and interest groups in the British West African Colonies spurred the pace of the drive for their autonomy.

Antwortdetails

Delegated Legislation is supported largely because certain specialist idea is needed for the purpose of rule making on areas upon which the legislature may not have sufficient knowledge and skill in. Example, the INEC is empowered to make election guidelines and regulations aside the Electoral Act and in furtherance of its duties.

Antwortdetails

The standard test of the Classical federalism ideology is usually associated with K.C. Wheare, a political scientist who studied federal systems. Nigeria's federalism is often considered a flaw according to this standard because it does not adhere to the principles of federalism as defined by Wheare. In a classical federal system, power is divided between a central government and the constituent units (such as states or provinces), and each level of government has autonomy in its own sphere. Wheare identified four key features of federalism: a written constitution, a distribution of powers between the central and constituent units, independence of each level of government, and a judiciary that interprets the constitution and settles disputes. Nigeria's federal system, on the other hand, does not fully adhere to these principles. The central government has historically held more power than the constituent units, and there has been a history of interference in state affairs. Additionally, the judiciary has not always been fully independent, and there have been instances of federal intervention in state judicial matters. Overall, Nigeria's federal system has been criticized for being too centralized and not adhering to the principles of classical federalism as defined by K.C. Wheare.

Antwortdetails

It must be stated with emphatic clarity that the annexation of Lagos as a 'Colony' in 1861 is significant to the effectuation of colonialism in Nigeria. All the other factors of economic advantage and the spread of christianity are complementary and implied reasons.

Antwortdetails

The term for the practice of dividing electoral districts in a way that gives an unfair advantage to a particular political party or group is called gerrymandering. This means that electoral boundaries are drawn in a way that makes it easier for one party to win more seats, even if they do not have more overall support from the voters. This can be done by grouping certain communities together, or by splitting up areas where certain groups tend to vote in a certain way. Gerrymandering is often considered a controversial practice, as it can undermine the democratic process and prevent fair representation of all citizens. The term delimitation is also related to the drawing of electoral boundaries, but it refers to the process of determining the geographic boundaries of electoral districts, without the implication of political manipulation.

Antwortdetails

The last measure used by pressure groups that involves setting a condition to be met within a specific timeframe is called an "ultimatum". An ultimatum is a final demand or condition that is presented as the last option by a pressure group to achieve their desired outcome. It is often used when other methods like lobbying or dialogue have failed to yield the desired result. The ultimatum usually comes with a threat of action or consequence if the condition is not met within the specified timeframe. For example, a pressure group advocating for better wages for workers may issue an ultimatum to the management of a company, demanding a pay raise for workers within a certain timeframe. If the company fails to meet the condition, the pressure group may resort to more aggressive tactics like strikes or protests.

Antwortdetails

The correct option is: PDP, APGA, AD. PDP refers to the People's Democratic Party, which is a political party in Nigeria. APGA stands for All Progressives Grand Alliance, which is a political party in Nigeria. AD stands for Alliance for Democracy, which is a political party in Nigeria. These parties were active during the 4th republic in Nigeria, which was from 1999 to 2007.

Antwortdetails

The National Party of Nigeria (NPN) is popularly known for its Green Revolution agricultural project in the late 1978s.

Antwortdetails

The Hakimi was the titled administrative officers in charge of the districts in the heterogeneous Hausa/Fulani Empire.

Antwortdetails

The hausa/fulani empire for geo-political reasons apportioned different portfolios of authorities for serve the multiplicity of functions and administrative interests. The offices of Sarkin fada, as head of palace workers, Waziri as prime minister among others are pointers in this regard.

Antwortdetails

Popular or political sovereignty belongs to the people through which the government by the constitution obtains all its powers and authorities.

Antwortdetails

The power of impeachment belongs to the legislature to check the Executive act of gross misconduct while Re-call is exercisable within the reach of the electorates.

Antwortdetails

Aristotle is noted for having said "man by nature is a political animal". This means that according to Aristotle, human beings have a natural inclination towards living in communities and participating in political activities. He believed that humans are social animals and require the presence of others in order to fulfill their needs and desires, and that living in a political society is necessary for human beings to reach their full potential.

Antwortdetails

The EFCC as it is, is an executive body that must discharge its functions strictly in line with the reasons for its establishment. None of those functions extend to exercising judicial powers by punishing and conducting trials for suspects, which the strict duty of the court.

Antwortdetails

The current Secretary-General of the United Nations is Antonio Guterres. He took office on January 1, 2017, and his term is set to last until December 31, 2021. The Secretary-General of the United Nations is the head of the United Nations organization, which is made up of 193 member states. The Secretary-General is responsible for promoting peace, advocating for human rights, and working to address global problems like poverty, climate change, and disease. The Secretary-General is appointed by the General Assembly, with the recommendation of the Security Council, for a five-year term and can be re-appointed for a second five-year term. Antonio Guterres, a former Prime Minister of Portugal, has a long history of working on global issues, including serving as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

Antwortdetails

The Nigerian council had a major defect that led to its replacement, which was that it was unrepresentative. This means that the council did not adequately represent the diverse interests of the Nigerian people. As a result, it failed to address the needs and concerns of all Nigerians, and its decisions and policies did not reflect the views of the majority. This defect undermined the legitimacy of the council and made it ineffective in governing the country. As a consequence, it became necessary to replace the council with a more representative and inclusive system of governance that could better serve the interests of all Nigerians.

Antwortdetails

Under the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria, the Chief Law Officer is the Attorney-General and the Supreme Court Judge is the Chief Justice. The Attorney-General is responsible for giving legal advice to the government and representing the government in legal matters. The Chief Justice, on the other hand, is the head of the Supreme Court and presides over the court. The Chief Justice is responsible for ensuring that the judiciary operates effectively and efficiently and for interpreting the constitution.

Antwortdetails

The correct answer is the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which was formed in 1963. The OAU was established with the goal of promoting unity and cooperation among African countries, particularly in the face of colonialism and racism. The organization aimed to promote decolonization and anti-racism initiatives on the continent, and to work towards the liberation of African countries still under colonial rule. It played a significant role in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, and helped to bring an end to colonialism in many other African countries. The OAU also served as a platform for African leaders to discuss and address issues facing the continent, such as conflict, economic development, and political stability.

Antwortdetails

The principle that determines the pattern of interaction of a country in international politics is known as foreign policy. Foreign policy refers to the set of principles and strategies that guide a country's interactions with other countries and international organizations. It includes a wide range of activities, such as diplomacy, trade, defense, and development assistance, and is often shaped by a country's political, economic, and cultural interests and values. Foreign policy can be influenced by various factors, such as historical experiences, national security concerns, economic interests, ideological and cultural beliefs, and geopolitical considerations. Countries can adopt different types of foreign policies, such as isolationism, appeasement, containment, engagement, or multilateralism, depending on their goals and the international context. In summary, foreign policy is a crucial aspect of international relations, as it determines how a country interacts with others and contributes to the shaping of the global order.

Antwortdetails

The Authur Richard Constitution of 1946 set the foundational road map for a full fledged federalism for Nigeria starting essentially with the Lyttleton's 1954 Constitution, and built upon thereafter.

Antwortdetails

The option that was not responsible for the coalition between A. G and N. C. N. C. is: Akintola's faction which broke out of A. G. to form UPP. The coalition between A. G (Action Group) and N. C. N. C. (Northern People's Congress and National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons) was formed in the early 1960s, and it was primarily driven by political considerations. The Kano riot of 1953, which was one of the major factors that led to the formation of the coalition, was a violent clash between Northern and Southern Nigerians that resulted in many deaths and injuries. The riot created a sense of insecurity and unease among the political elites in Nigeria, and many saw the need for a political alliance that could bridge the gap between the North and the South. The contest for the federal election of 1964 was another factor that contributed to the coalition. The election was highly contested, and it was clear that no single party could win without forming an alliance with other parties. The A. G and N. C. N. C. saw the need to join forces to increase their chances of winning the election. The factional crisis in the A. G, which was caused by the rivalry between Awolowo's faction and Akintola's faction, also contributed to the formation of the coalition. Awolowo's faction wanted to get the N. P. C out of power, while Akintola's faction had a different opinion. This difference led to the split in the A. G, and it became clear that the party could not win the election without forming an alliance with other parties. In summary, the coalition between A. G and N. C. N. C. was primarily driven by political considerations, such as the need to bridge the gap between the North and the South, win the federal election of 1964, and resolve the factional crisis in the A. G. The formation of the UPP by Akintola's faction, therefore, was not a factor that contributed to the coalition.

Antwortdetails

A predominant feature of the precolonial governance system was that customary laws were prevalent. This means that the laws and rules were based on traditional customs and practices of the communities and were passed down from generation to generation. These customary laws played a significant role in shaping the way people lived and governed themselves. They were generally unwritten and shaped by the cultural, social and economic conditions of the time. The governance structures in these societies were usually based on these customary laws, and the leaders were chosen based on their ability to uphold them.

Antwortdetails

The National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC) produced Nigeria's first Prime Minister, Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. NCNC was one of the main political parties in Nigeria during the country's independence movement in the mid-20th century. Balewa, who was a member of the NCNC, became Nigeria's first Prime Minister when the country gained independence from Britain in 1960.

Antwortdetails

Political socialisation refers to the series of learning processes and experiences which serve to sharpen the orientation and perspective of the people to their democratic affairs.

Antwortdetails

Like the series of political office arrangements and portfolios in the Hausa/Fulani Empire i.e the Galadima, Waziri and the rest, deconcentration of power is obtainable unlike in devolution which Options B and D implicitly cover. Option A refers to Decentralization of powers.

Antwortdetails

The dwindling and market falls in oil prices are prime indicators for Nigeria's politico-economic consideration for diversification. This means that Nigeria is looking to move away from relying solely on oil as its main source of income and looking to develop other industries and sectors that can contribute to the country's economy. This is important because relying solely on oil can be risky, as the price of oil is often affected by global market forces and can fall suddenly, leading to economic instability. By diversifying its economy, Nigeria can reduce its dependence on oil and become more resilient to economic shocks.

Antwortdetails

Elitist is often used as a critique label, to describe a political party definitive of social class and rankings of top profiled politicians without much agenda for social justice.

Antwortdetails

Nigeria joined the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1971. OPEC is a group of countries that produce and export oil, and it was founded in 1960. Nigeria, which is a major oil-producing country, joined OPEC a few years after its independence from British colonial rule in 1960. As a member of OPEC, Nigeria participates in discussions and decisions that affect the global oil market, such as setting production levels and prices. Joining OPEC also provided Nigeria with a platform to strengthen its relationships with other oil-producing nations and to have a greater say in the management of the global oil industry.

Antwortdetails

The Murtala/Obasanjo 1976 Reform necessitated the discovery of the essence of a local government council and establishment.

Antwortdetails

In the non-stratified society of the pre-colonial era, such as among the Igbo people, decisions were made by consensus. This means that members of the community would come together and discuss issues until they reached an agreement that everyone was comfortable with. This system of decision-making was based on the principles of equality and mutual respect, and everyone had a voice in the process. There were no formal leaders or rulers who made decisions on behalf of the people, and power was decentralized. Instead, decision-making was a collective responsibility, and every member of the community had a say in shaping their society.