JAMB UTME - Government - 2019

The Indigenant Policy is attributable to the ___

Detalles de la respuesta

The Indigenous Policy, also known as Indigenous Administration or Native Policy, was a policy adopted by several European colonial powers in the 19th and 20th centuries, which aimed to manage and control the indigenous populations in their colonies. While all four options listed have had colonies, the Indigenous Policy was particularly associated with the British Crown colonies, which had large populations of indigenous peoples. The British Empire implemented the policy in places such as Australia, Canada, and New Zealand, as well as in African colonies like Kenya and Nigeria. Under this policy, indigenous peoples were often treated as subjects with a separate legal and administrative system from that of the European settlers. They were subjected to various forms of control and exploitation, such as being forced to work in mines or on plantations, or having their land confiscated for European settlement. Overall, while other colonial powers also implemented policies aimed at controlling and exploiting indigenous peoples, the Indigenous Policy is most commonly associated with the British Crown colonies.

Citizenship by naturalization

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Citizenship by naturalization refers to the process by which a non-citizen becomes a legal member of a state. It is different from citizenship by marriage or registration, which involve different criteria for obtaining citizenship. Naturalization usually involves satisfying constitutional requirements, such as residing in the country for a certain period of time, passing a citizenship test, and demonstrating knowledge of the country's language and customs. It is an honorable way of attaining citizenship, but it is not an honorary means. Citizenship by birth, on the other hand, is when someone is automatically granted citizenship by being born in a particular country, regardless of their parents' nationality. Naturalization is a legal process that involves the judiciary, but it is not certification for citizenship by birth.

The Chick's commission was set up to look into the issue of revenue allocation in___________

Detalles de la respuesta

As part of the Commissions set up for the review of the Nigerian federalism challenges, the Chick's commission was set up in 1953.

The Brussel conference in 1889/90 was based on

Detalles de la respuesta

The Brussel Conference unlike the Berlin Conference was targeted at the reconsideration of the unjust virtues and vices occasioned by colonialism, thereby specifically seeking to eradicate slave trade and related activities.

The legitimate claims and entitlements available by reasons of birth and residence and/or certification, to a community of people may be abscribed as their___________

Detalles de la respuesta

The legitimate claims and entitlements available to a community of people by reasons of birth, residence, and/or certification are known as their citizenship rights. Citizenship rights refer to the legal, political, and social rights that a person enjoys by being a member of a particular country or state. These rights can include the right to vote, to work, to access healthcare, education, and social services, to own property, to express oneself freely, and to be protected by the law. Citizenship rights are typically based on the principle of jus soli (right of the soil) or jus sanguinis (right of blood), which determine the conditions for acquiring citizenship by birth or descent. In some cases, citizenship can also be acquired through naturalization or marriage. Citizenship rights are an essential component of democratic societies, as they provide a framework for the participation, representation, and protection of all members of a community, regardless of their social status, race, ethnicity, religion, or gender. They reflect the idea that every person has inherent dignity and worth and should be treated with equal respect and consideration under the law. In summary, citizenship rights are a set of legal, political, and social entitlements that are attached to the status of being a citizen and aim to promote the welfare, dignity, and freedom of individuals and the common good of society as a whole.

The West African Students' Union (WASU) was formed in____________

Detalles de la respuesta

The West African Students' Union (WASU) was formed in 1925. This was an organization created by students from different countries in West Africa who were studying in Britain. The main goal of the union was to advocate for the rights of West Africans and to promote their interests. It also aimed to foster unity among West African students studying in Britain and to create a sense of identity and belonging. The union was one of the first pan-African organizations to emerge and played an important role in the struggle for independence and self-determination in West Africa.

Argumentation, negotiation and deliberation on the subject matter of a bill begins at the

Detalles de la respuesta

At the second stage or reading of a bill, the debate on the subject matter of concern of the bill begins, this process becomes heightened at the Third Stage and particularly at the Committee Stage.

Lobbying is often a strategy adopted by________

Detalles de la respuesta

Lobbying is often a strategy adopted by pressure groups. Pressure groups are organizations or individuals that seek to influence public policy and bring attention to a specific issue or cause. Lobbying is one of the key tactics used by pressure groups to achieve their goals. Lobbying involves communicating with government officials, legislators, and other decision-makers in order to try to persuade them to support or oppose a particular policy or issue. This can take many forms, including meetings, phone calls, emails, and written communications. While political parties may engage in lobbying, they are typically focused on broader political issues and electoral campaigns, rather than specific policy outcomes. Public corporations may also engage in lobbying, but their efforts are usually geared towards promoting their own interests, rather than advocating for a particular cause or issue. Public authorities, such as government agencies, may be the subject of lobbying efforts, but they typically do not engage in lobbying themselves. Overall, lobbying is most commonly associated with pressure groups, which use it as a key strategy to advance their policy goals and influence the decisions of government officials and other decision-makers.

A predominant feature of the Precolonial governance system was that

Detalles de la respuesta

A predominant feature of the precolonial governance system was that customary laws were prevalent. This means that the laws and rules were based on traditional customs and practices of the communities and were passed down from generation to generation. These customary laws played a significant role in shaping the way people lived and governed themselves. They were generally unwritten and shaped by the cultural, social and economic conditions of the time. The governance structures in these societies were usually based on these customary laws, and the leaders were chosen based on their ability to uphold them.

A vote of confidence means

Detalles de la respuesta

The implication of the passage of a vote of no confidence is to demonstrate disapproval which will lead to the retirement of the entire cabinet and its head.

A party can be said to have national outlook if

Detalles de la respuesta

Unlike the ethnic based philosophy, nature or outlook of the Action Group, Northern Peoples Congress in the First Republic, a multi-ethnic and all embracing political party is that with a Nation wide outlook

The primary essence of a public corporation is__________

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The primary essence of a public corporation is public utility. A public corporation is a legal entity that is created by the government to perform a specific public function. The primary purpose of a public corporation is to provide essential services to the public, such as transportation, water supply, and electricity, among others. These services are necessary for the well-being of the general public, and as such, the public corporation is created to ensure that they are efficiently and effectively provided. While a public corporation may generate revenue and make a profit, the main focus is on providing public services rather than maximizing profits. As a result, a public corporation is subject to more regulation and oversight than a private corporation, as it is accountable to the public and the government. In summary, the primary essence of a public corporation is public utility, as it is created by the government to provide essential services to the public rather than to maximize profits or formulate government policies or resolve administrative disputes.

The newspaper established by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe to project the interest of nationalists was

Detalles de la respuesta

The newspaper established by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe to project the interest of nationalists was the West African Pilot. The West African Pilot was a newspaper founded in 1937 by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe, who later became the first President of Nigeria. The newspaper was established to promote the interests of Nigerian nationalists and to serve as a platform for the expression of their political views and aspirations. The West African Pilot quickly gained popularity and became one of the most influential newspapers in the region. It advocated for Nigerian independence, social justice, and African unity, and featured articles on various topics, including politics, economics, culture, and sports. The newspaper played a critical role in the Nigerian struggle for independence and provided a voice for many Nigerians who felt marginalized or oppressed by the colonial authorities. It also served as a forum for intellectual and cultural debates and helped to shape the identity and consciousness of Nigerians as a people. In summary, the West African Pilot was a newspaper established by Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe to advance the interests of Nigerian nationalists and to promote their vision of a free, just, and prosperous Nigeria. It was a significant force in the political, social, and cultural life of Nigeria and contributed to the emergence of a new generation of leaders and thinkers in the country.

Nigeria joined the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in__________

Detalles de la respuesta

Nigeria joined the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1971. OPEC is a group of countries that produce and export oil, and it was founded in 1960. Nigeria, which is a major oil-producing country, joined OPEC a few years after its independence from British colonial rule in 1960. As a member of OPEC, Nigeria participates in discussions and decisions that affect the global oil market, such as setting production levels and prices. Joining OPEC also provided Nigeria with a platform to strengthen its relationships with other oil-producing nations and to have a greater say in the management of the global oil industry.

Nigeria's top contribution to Africa's agenda of decolonisation and anti-racism was mostly enhanced with the formation of the_________

Detalles de la respuesta

The correct answer is the Organization of African Unity (OAU), which was formed in 1963. The OAU was established with the goal of promoting unity and cooperation among African countries, particularly in the face of colonialism and racism. The organization aimed to promote decolonization and anti-racism initiatives on the continent, and to work towards the liberation of African countries still under colonial rule. It played a significant role in the struggle against apartheid in South Africa, and helped to bring an end to colonialism in many other African countries. The OAU also served as a platform for African leaders to discuss and address issues facing the continent, such as conflict, economic development, and political stability.

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the ____ regime

Detalles de la respuesta

The Armed Forces Ruling Council (AFRC) is attributable to the military regime of Ibrahim Babangida in Nigeria. The AFRC was the highest decision-making body during Babangida's rule from 1985 to 1993, and it was made up of military officers who ruled the country by decree. The council was established after Babangida overthrew the previous military regime of Muhammadu Buhari, and it continued to wield significant power until Babangida's eventual resignation in 1993. Therefore, "Ibrahim Babangida's regime," is the correct answer.

The political party serves as

Detalles de la respuesta

The functional essence of political parties is to ensure that eventually the interests, entitlements and aspirations of the are realised through the emergence of a responsible government.

The All Progressives Congress (APC) is the result of a coalition of the following parties except the___________

Detalles de la respuesta

The All Progressives Congress (APC) is the result of a merger of four opposition parties in Nigeria. These parties are the All Nigeria Peoples Party (ANPP), the Action Congress of Nigeria (ACN), the Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), and a faction of the All Progressives Grand Alliance (APGA). Therefore, the answer to the question is "United Progressive Grand Alliance (UPGA)" because UPGA is not one of the political parties that merged to form the APC. The APC was formed in 2013 as a response to the ruling People's Democratic Party (PDP) which had been in power since 1999. The merger was aimed at creating a formidable opposition to the PDP in the 2015 general elections, which the APC won, leading to the inauguration of President Muhammadu Buhari as the first opposition candidate to defeat a sitting president in Nigeria's history.

The term ultra vires means_________

Detalles de la respuesta

A public authority is said to have ultra vires when it has acted beyond the boundaries of its duties as provided for in its enabling law or as prescribed by the Executive.

The cultural organisation which metamorphosed into the Northern People's Congress (NPC) was__________

Detalles de la respuesta

The cultural organization that metamorphosed into the Northern People's Congress (NPC) was the Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa (JMA). Jamiyyar Mutanen Arewa, which means "Society of Northern Youths," was a cultural organization formed in 1946 by a group of young educated northerners who aimed to promote the interests of the people of the northern region of Nigeria. The organization became a political party, the Northern People's Congress (NPC), in 1951, with the objective of representing the political interests of the people of the northern region. The NPC went on to become a dominant political force in the northern region, and played a significant role in the politics of Nigeria in the 1950s and 1960s. The NPC was one of the three major political parties in Nigeria's First Republic, which lasted from 1960 to 1966.

The concept of delegated legislation is often criticised for all but one of the following reasons?

Detalles de la respuesta

Delegated Legislation is supported largely because certain specialist idea is needed for the purpose of rule making on areas upon which the legislature may not have sufficient knowledge and skill in. Example, the INEC is empowered to make election guidelines and regulations aside the Electoral Act and in furtherance of its duties.

The most representative organ of the united nations is the

Detalles de la respuesta

The General Assembly is the most representative organ of the United Nations. This is because all 193 member states of the United Nations have equal representation in the General Assembly, meaning each country has one vote. The General Assembly meets once a year and is responsible for discussing and making recommendations on a wide range of issues, including peace and security, development, and human rights. The General Assembly is also responsible for electing members to other UN bodies, such as the Security Council and the Economic and Social Council. In this way, the General Assembly represents the collective voice of all member states in the United Nations.

The principle that determines the pattern of interaction of a country in international politics is known as____________

Detalles de la respuesta

The principle that determines the pattern of interaction of a country in international politics is known as foreign policy. Foreign policy refers to the set of principles and strategies that guide a country's interactions with other countries and international organizations. It includes a wide range of activities, such as diplomacy, trade, defense, and development assistance, and is often shaped by a country's political, economic, and cultural interests and values. Foreign policy can be influenced by various factors, such as historical experiences, national security concerns, economic interests, ideological and cultural beliefs, and geopolitical considerations. Countries can adopt different types of foreign policies, such as isolationism, appeasement, containment, engagement, or multilateralism, depending on their goals and the international context. In summary, foreign policy is a crucial aspect of international relations, as it determines how a country interacts with others and contributes to the shaping of the global order.

Executive Council of the African Union makes decision by

Detalles de la respuesta

The Executive Council of the African Union makes decisions by consensus. This means that all members of the council work together to reach a common agreement that everyone can support. Consensus is a decision-making process where everyone's opinions and concerns are taken into account and a solution is reached that is acceptable to all. It is a collaborative approach that encourages open communication, active listening, and compromise. Unlike a majority vote, consensus ensures that everyone's ideas are valued and incorporated into the final decision, leading to more effective and inclusive outcomes. The veto of the General Secretariat is not a decision-making mechanism used by the Executive Council.

In the all-Nigerian constitutional conference of 1950

Detalles de la respuesta

Recognizing and acknowledging the relative importance of direct participation and contribution by people in their own affairs, the All-Nigerian Constitutional Conference marked an unprecendented attendance of all previously relegated unofficial members of the local legislature.

In most recent times, a seemingly workable solution to the Nigerian federal question is that of

Detalles de la respuesta

In recent times, one of the proposed solutions to address the challenges related to the federal structure of Nigeria is "restructuring". Restructuring essentially means a fundamental change in the way power and resources are distributed between the central government and the constituent units (such as states) in the country. Advocates of restructuring argue that it would help address some of the major issues facing Nigeria such as the over-concentration of power and resources in the central government, the marginalization of some regions, and the inability of the federal government to effectively address the diverse needs of the country's different regions. The specific proposals for restructuring may vary, but they generally involve reducing the powers of the federal government and devolving more powers and resources to the states, including control over natural resources, revenue generation, and the establishment of state police forces. However, there are also opposing views that restructuring could lead to the fragmentation of the country and potentially fuel secessionist movements. Ultimately, the debate around restructuring is ongoing and will require extensive dialogue and engagement among various stakeholders in Nigeria.

Under the 1979 constitution of Nigeria, each State was allowed to elect________

Detalles de la respuesta

Unlike the position under the present 1999 Constitution as amended, each state was permitted to elect 5 senators into the House of Representatives.

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the________

Detalles de la respuesta

The National Assembly in the second republic was made up of the Lower House and the House of Representatives. The Lower House, also known as the House of Commons, was made up of elected members who represented their constituencies. They were responsible for introducing and passing bills related to the governance of the country. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, was made up of appointed members who represented various interest groups and were tasked with advising the government on policy matters. Together, the Lower House and the House of Representatives formed the National Assembly, which was the legislative arm of the government in the second republic.

The basis of the Nigerian foreign policy thrust particularly during the Independence Constitution era was ... in nature

Detalles de la respuesta

The basis of the Nigerian foreign policy thrust particularly during the Independence Constitution era was afrocentric in nature. This means that Nigeria prioritized and valued the interests and needs of African nations and people over those of European nations or other foreign powers. The country sought to promote unity and cooperation among African nations, support African liberation movements, and advocate for African self-determination and independence. This policy was based on the belief that African nations should work together to achieve economic, political, and social progress, and that Nigeria had a responsibility to help lead this effort as a newly independent African country.

That type of sovereignty that thrives on legitimacy is

Detalles de la respuesta

Popular or political sovereignty belongs to the people through which the government by the constitution obtains all its powers and authorities.

Nigeria's federalism is often considered a flaw along the standard test of the Classical federalism ideology labelled along with

Detalles de la respuesta

The standard test of the Classical federalism ideology is usually associated with K.C. Wheare, a political scientist who studied federal systems. Nigeria's federalism is often considered a flaw according to this standard because it does not adhere to the principles of federalism as defined by Wheare. In a classical federal system, power is divided between a central government and the constituent units (such as states or provinces), and each level of government has autonomy in its own sphere. Wheare identified four key features of federalism: a written constitution, a distribution of powers between the central and constituent units, independence of each level of government, and a judiciary that interprets the constitution and settles disputes. Nigeria's federal system, on the other hand, does not fully adhere to these principles. The central government has historically held more power than the constituent units, and there has been a history of interference in state affairs. Additionally, the judiciary has not always been fully independent, and there have been instances of federal intervention in state judicial matters. Overall, Nigeria's federal system has been criticized for being too centralized and not adhering to the principles of classical federalism as defined by K.C. Wheare.

The last measure used by the pressure groups issuing a condition to be satisfied within a stipulated time is called

Detalles de la respuesta

The last measure used by pressure groups that involves setting a condition to be met within a specific timeframe is called an "ultimatum". An ultimatum is a final demand or condition that is presented as the last option by a pressure group to achieve their desired outcome. It is often used when other methods like lobbying or dialogue have failed to yield the desired result. The ultimatum usually comes with a threat of action or consequence if the condition is not met within the specified timeframe. For example, a pressure group advocating for better wages for workers may issue an ultimatum to the management of a company, demanding a pay raise for workers within a certain timeframe. If the company fails to meet the condition, the pressure group may resort to more aggressive tactics like strikes or protests.

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has its headquarters in__________

Detalles de la respuesta

The International Criminal Court (ICC) has its headquarters in The Hague, Netherlands. The Hague is a city in the western part of the Netherlands that is known for hosting many international courts and tribunals, including the ICC. The ICC is an international court that was established to investigate and prosecute individuals for the most serious crimes, such as genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. By having its headquarters in The Hague, the ICC is able to carry out its important work in an international and neutral setting.

Detalles de la respuesta

The solidarity for self-governance system and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and Non-Africans in diaspora is termed Pan-Africanism. Pan-Africanism is a political and social movement that originated in the late 19th century and early 20th century among Africans and people of African descent, both on the African continent and in the diaspora. The movement sought to promote solidarity among Africans and people of African descent, as well as to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers. Pan-Africanism emerged in response to the colonization of Africa and the oppression of people of African descent around the world. The movement was driven by the belief that people of African descent shared a common history, culture, and destiny, and that they should work together to achieve their liberation and equality. Pan-Africanism has taken many forms over the years, from cultural and artistic expressions to political and economic cooperation. Its goals have included the establishment of independent African states, the promotion of African unity, the advancement of economic and social development in Africa, and the elimination of racism and discrimination against people of African descent worldwide. In summary, Pan-Africanism is the term used to describe the solidarity for self-governance and liberty of Africans demonstrated by Africans and people of African descent in the diaspora. The movement seeks to promote unity and cooperation among people of African descent and to advance the cause of African self-governance and independence from colonial powers.

One of the following reasons is unlikely to necessitate the emergence of a federal system?

Detalles de la respuesta

Political sovereignty is unlikely to necessitate the emergence of a federal system. A federal system is a form of government that divides power and authority between a central government and regional governments. This type of system is typically adopted when there is a need to accommodate regional differences and diverse interests within a country, while still maintaining a sense of national unity. Social factors, such as differences in language, religion, and ethnicity, can make it difficult to govern a diverse population without a federal system. Geographical factors, such as a large land area or natural barriers, can create regional differences that require different policies and regulations. Cultural diversity, such as different traditions, values, and customs, can lead to conflicts that can be better managed under a federal system. However, political sovereignty, or the ability of a government to exercise authority within its own borders without external interference, is not necessarily a factor that requires a federal system. A country with a strong central government and a relatively homogenous population may not need a federal system to maintain stability and unity. In fact, some countries with high levels of political sovereignty, such as China, have a centralized form of government rather than a federal one.

A political party often with a radical viewpoint and perspective to sensitive state affairs matters is often labelled as a ___party

Detalles de la respuesta

A liberal political party often seeks to argue for change and transformation of the present state of things in a state including those matters of relative social and economic importance.

The Green Revolution programme was the effected manifesto of the ........ in 1979

Detalles de la respuesta

The National Party of Nigeria (NPN) is popularly known for its Green Revolution agricultural project in the late 1978s.

The fact that the office of the Chairman is rotational in ECOWAS makes it a perfect example of a/an

Detalles de la respuesta

The fact that the office of the Chairman is rotational in ECOWAS makes it a perfect example of a collegiate system. In a collegiate system, decision-making power is shared among a group of individuals, rather than being held by a single leader. In the case of ECOWAS, the rotating chairmanship allows for equal representation and decision-making power among the member countries, ensuring that no one country has a dominant or controlling role in the organization. This structure helps to promote cooperation and collaboration among the member countries and supports the overall goal of regional integration and economic cooperation.

The defining processes for the formation of a people's political behaviour is___________

Detalles de la respuesta

Political socialisation refers to the series of learning processes and experiences which serve to sharpen the orientation and perspective of the people to their democratic affairs.

An important provision of the 1946 constitution was that it

Detalles de la respuesta

The Authur Richard Constitution of 1946 set the foundational road map for a full fledged federalism for Nigeria starting essentially with the Lyttleton's 1954 Constitution, and built upon thereafter.