JAMB UTME - Chemistry - 2018

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Question 4 Report

Methanoic acid mixes with water in all proportions and has about the same boiling point as water. Which of the following methods would you adopt to obtain pure water from a mixture of Sand, water and methanoic acid?

Fractional distillation

Filtration followed by distillation

Neutralization with sodium hydroxide followed by distillation

Neutralization with sodium hydroxide followed by filtration

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Question 5 Report

The boiling of fat and aqueous caustic soda is referred to as

hydrolysis

esterification

acidification

saponification

Answer Details

The boiling of fat and aqueous caustic soda is referred to as saponification. Saponification is the process of converting fat into soap through a reaction with an alkaline substance, such as caustic soda. The reaction results in the formation of soap (a salt of a fatty acid) and glycerol. This process is important in the manufacture of soap, as it allows the fat to be converted into a useful cleaning product.

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 6 Report

The hydrogen ion concentration of a sample of orange juice is 2.0 X 10\(^{-11}\)moldm\(^{-3}\). What is its p\(^{OH}\)? [log102 = 0.3010]

3.30

13.00

10.70

11.30

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Question 7 Report

The constituent common to duralumin and alnico is

Co

Mn

Al

Mg

Answer Details

The common constituent found in both duralumin and alnico is aluminum (Al). Duralumin is an alloy made up of aluminum, copper, manganese, and magnesium. It is known for its high strength and light weight, making it useful in various applications such as aerospace and construction. Alnico, on the other hand, is an alloy made of aluminum, nickel, cobalt, iron, and small amounts of other elements. It is used in the production of strong permanent magnets for various applications such as in motors, generators, and loudspeakers. So, even though duralumin and alnico have different properties and uses, they both contain the element aluminum.

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Metals And Their Compounds

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Question 8 Report

According to Charles' law, the volume of a gas becomes zero at

0°C

-100°C

-273°C

-373°C

Answer Details

Charles' law states that the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, provided that the pressure remains constant. This means that as the temperature of a gas increases, its volume also increases. However, it is important to note that this law only applies to ideal gases, which are theoretical gases that perfectly follow the laws of thermodynamics. According to Charles' law, the volume of a gas becomes zero at absolute zero, which is approximately -273°C. At this temperature, the gas particles would have no kinetic energy and would be in their lowest energy state. The volume of a real gas would not actually become zero at absolute zero because the gas particles would have some residual intermolecular interactions that would prevent them from completely collapsing to a single point.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 9 Report

Beryllium and Aluminium have similar properties because they

are both metals

belong to the same group

belong to the same period

are positioned diagonally to each other

Metals And Their Compounds

Non-metals And Their Compounds

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Question 10 Report

A basic postulate of the kinetic theory of gases is that the molecules of a gas move in straight lines between collisions. This implies that

collisions are perfectly elastic

forces of repulsion exis

forces of repulsion and attraction are in equilibrium

collisions are inelastic

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Question 11 Report

If one of the following oxides is heated with hydrogen or carbon using a bunsen burner. it is not reduced to the metal, Which one is it?

lead oxide

Magnesium oxide

Copper oxide

Tin oxide

Answer Details

The oxide that cannot be reduced to the metal when heated with hydrogen or carbon using a Bunsen burner is magnesium oxide. Magnesium oxide is an ionic compound made up of positively charged magnesium ions and negatively charged oxygen ions. When heated with hydrogen or carbon, the oxygen ions are not easily removed from the compound. This is because the ionic bond between the magnesium and oxygen ions is very strong and requires a lot of energy to break. On the other hand, lead oxide, copper oxide, and tin oxide are all metal oxides and can be reduced to the metal by heating with hydrogen or carbon. This is because they have a weaker bond between the metal and oxygen ions, allowing the oxygen to be removed more easily when heated. In conclusion, magnesium oxide is the oxide that cannot be reduced to the metal when heated with hydrogen or carbon using a Bunsen burner.

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 12 Report

Which of the following metals cannot replace hydrogen from water or steam?

Sodium

Magnesium

Iron

Calcium

Metals And Their Compounds

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Question 13 Report

Diamond is a bad conductor of electricity because its bonding electrons are used in

crystal lattice formation

covalent bond formation

metallic bond formation

coordinate bond formation

Answer Details

Diamond is a bad conductor of electricity because of its unique structure and bonding. The carbon atoms in diamond form a covalent network, where each carbon atom is bonded to four other carbon atoms. These bonds are strong and hold the atoms in a rigid three-dimensional structure called a crystal lattice. In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons to form a stable compound. In diamond, each carbon atom shares its valence electrons with four neighboring carbon atoms, forming a very strong covalent bond. All the valence electrons in the crystal lattice are used in covalent bond formation, which means there are no free or mobile electrons to carry an electric current. In other words, the electrons are tightly held in the covalent bonds, making it difficult for them to move around the crystal lattice and conduct electricity. In contrast, metals conduct electricity well because they have delocalized or free electrons that can move through the lattice of positively charged ions. So, diamond, being a covalent network solid, does not have free electrons that can carry an electric current, which is why it is a bad conductor of electricity.

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 14 Report

The salt that reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce a pungent smelling gas which decolourizes acidified purple potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution is

Na

_{2}

SO

_{4}

Na

_{2}

SO

_{3}

Na

_{2}

S

Na

_{2}

CO

_{3}

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 15 Report

A given amount of gas occupies \(10.0\mathrm{dm}^{5}\) at 4atm and 273°C. The number of moles of the gas present is [Molar volume of gas at s.t.p = \(22.4\mathrm{dm}^{3}\)]

0.89 mol

1.90 mol

3.80 mol

5.70 mol

Answer Details

The ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature. We can use this equation to solve for the number of moles of gas present. First, we need to convert the volume from dm5 to dm3, which is the same as liters (L). So, 10.0 dm5 is equal to 10.0/1000 = 0.01 dm3 or 0.01 L. Next, we need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin by adding 273 to get 546 K. Now we can plug in the values we have into the ideal gas law: 4 atm x 0.01 L = n x 0.0821 L·atm/K·mol x 546 K Simplifying, we get: 0.04 = n x 44.8 Solving for n, we get: n = 0.04/44.8 = 0.00089 mol Finally, we can compare this value to the molar volume of a gas at standard temperature and pressure (STP), which is 22.4 L/mol. To do this, we need to convert the volume of gas we have to STP conditions. Since the temperature is already at STP (273 K), we just need to adjust the pressure. Using the ideal gas law, we can solve for the volume at STP: 1 atm x V = 0.00089 mol x 0.0821 L·atm/K·mol x 273 K Simplifying, we get: V = 0.0224 L or 22.4 dm3 Therefore, the amount of gas present is equal to 0.00089 mol, which is less than 1 mol. So the answer is 0.89 mol.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Read lesson note on States Of Matter (WAEC)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

States Of Matter

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Question 16 Report

In the preparation of oxygen by heating KCIO\(_2\), in the presence of MnO\(_2\) only moderate heat is needed because the catalyst acts by

lowering the pressure of the reaction

increasing the surface area of the reaction

increasing the rate of the reaction

lowering the energy barrier of the reaction

Answer Details

The presence of MnO2 acts as a catalyst in the reaction of KCIO2 to produce oxygen. A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the reaction itself. MnO2 acts by lowering the energy barrier of the reaction, which means it reduces the amount of energy required for the reaction to take place. This makes it easier for the reaction to occur, and thus the reaction proceeds at a faster rate. As a result, only moderate heat is needed to provide the initial energy required for the reaction to start. Therefore, the correct answer is: lowering the energy barrier of the reaction.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 17 Report

ME + nF -----> pG + qH

In the equation shown, the equilibrium constant is given by?

\frac{[E]^{m} [F]}{[G]^{p} [H]^{q}}

\frac{[E] [F]}{[G] [H]}

\frac{[G]^{p} [H]^{p}}{[E]^{m} [F]^{n}}

\frac{[G] [H]}{[E] [F]}

Answer Details

The equilibrium constant for a chemical reaction is a measure of the balance between the reactants and products of a reaction at a particular temperature. The equilibrium constant is given by the ratio of the product of the concentration of the products raised to their stoichiometric coefficients, to the product of the concentration of the reactants raised to their stoichiometric coefficients. In the equation ME + nF -> pG + qH, the correct expression for the equilibrium constant is [G]^p * [H]^q / [E]^m * [F]^n, represented by.

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Structure Of The Atom (WAEC)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

Structure Of The Atom

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Question 18 Report

The periodic classification is an arrangement of the elements

atomic weights

isotopic weights

molecular weights

atomic numbers

Answer Details

The periodic classification is an arrangement of the elements based on their atomic numbers. The periodic table is a chart that lists all the known chemical elements in order of increasing atomic number, arranged in rows and columns according to their electronic structure and chemical properties. The atomic number of an element is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element. Each element has a unique atomic number, which determines its position in the periodic table. The elements are arranged in rows called periods, and in columns called groups or families. Elements in the same group have similar properties because they have the same number of valence electrons, which are the electrons in the outermost shell of the atom. The periodic table is an incredibly useful tool for chemists because it allows them to predict the properties of elements based on their position in the table. For example, elements in the same group tend to form similar compounds, so if you know the properties of one element in a group, you can often predict the properties of the other elements in that group. In summary, the periodic classification is an arrangement of the elements based on their atomic numbers. The periodic table is a chart that organizes the elements into rows and columns based on their electronic structure and chemical properties, allowing scientists to make predictions about the behavior of the elements based on their position in the table.

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 19 Report

A correct electrochemical series can be obtained from Na, Ca, Al, Mg, Zn, Fe, Pb, H, Cu, Hg, Ag, Au by interchanging

Al and Mg

Zn and Fe

Zn and Pb

Pb and H

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 20 Report

The number of electrons in the valence shell of an element of atomic number 14 is?

1

2

3

4

Answer Details

The number of electrons in the valence shell of an element can be determined by using the periodic table and the electron configuration of the element. The valence shell is the outermost shell that contains electrons that are involved in chemical reactions. For an element with atomic number 14, which is silicon, the electron configuration is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2. The valence shell of silicon is the third shell, which contains 3s2 and 3p2 electrons. Therefore, the number of electrons in the valence shell of silicon is 4 electrons.

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 21 Report

Which of these sources of water may likely contain the least concentration of Ca\(^{2+}\) and Mg\(^{2+}\)?

Spring water

River water

Tap water

Sea water

Answer Details

The source of water that is likely to contain the least concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ is tap water. Tap water is treated and processed before it is made available for consumption, which often involves removing minerals such as calcium and magnesium. Spring water and river water, on the other hand, are naturally occurring and generally contain higher levels of minerals. Sea water has the highest concentration of minerals, including Ca2+ and Mg2+.

Read lesson note on Water (JAMB)

Water

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Question 22 Report

Calculate the percentage composition of oxygen in calcium trioxocarbonate(IV) [Ca=40, C=12, O=16]

16

48

40

12

Answer Details

To calculate the percentage composition of oxygen in calcium trioxocarbonate(IV), we first need to determine the molar mass of the compound. The compound has one calcium atom (Ca), one carbon atom (C), and three oxygen atoms (O). So, the molar mass of calcium trioxocarbonate(IV) can be calculated as follows: Molar mass = (1 × atomic mass of Ca) + (1 × atomic mass of C) + (3 × atomic mass of O) = (1 × 40) + (1 × 12) + (3 × 16) = 40 + 12 + 48 = 100 g/mol Next, we need to determine the mass of oxygen in one mole of calcium trioxocarbonate(IV). The compound has three oxygen atoms, each with an atomic mass of 16 g/mol. Therefore, the total mass of oxygen in one mole of the compound is: Mass of oxygen = 3 × 16 = 48 g/mol Finally, to determine the percentage composition of oxygen in calcium trioxocarbonate(IV), we divide the mass of oxygen by the molar mass of the compound and multiply by 100. Percentage of oxygen = (Mass of oxygen / Molar mass of compound) × 100 = (48 / 100) × 100 = 48% Therefore, the correct answer is 48, which represents the percentage composition of oxygen in calcium trioxocarbonate(IV).

Read lesson note on Chemical Combination (JAMB)

Chemical Combination

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Question 23 Report

Calculate the pH of \(0.05\ \mathrm{mol\,dm^{-3}}\ \mathrm{H_2SO_4}\)

1.30

1.12

1.00

0.30

Answer Details

To solve this problem, we need to use the formula for calculating the pH of a solution, which is: pH = -log[H+] where [H+] is the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter. The given chemical equation is: H2SO4 + 2H2O → 2H3O+ + SO42- From this equation, we can see that one molecule of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) can donate two hydrogen ions (H+) to the solution, which means that the concentration of hydrogen ions is twice the concentration of sulfuric acid. Therefore, the concentration of hydrogen ions in this solution is: [H+] = 2 x 0.05 moldm^-3 = 0.1 moldm^-3 Now we can use the formula for pH: pH = -log[H+] pH = -log(0.1) pH = 1.00 Therefore, the pH of the solution is 1.00.

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 24 Report

A balanced chemical equation obeys the law of

conservation of mass

definite proportions

multiple proportions

conservation of energy

Answer Details

A balanced chemical equation obeys the law of conservation of mass. This means that in a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants must be equal to the total mass of the products. In other words, atoms cannot be created or destroyed during a chemical reaction, only rearranged. For example, if we burn a piece of wood, the mass of the ashes and the gases released will be equal to the mass of the original wood. This is because the atoms in the wood (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, etc.) are rearranged during the burning process to form new molecules, but the total number of atoms remains the same. By balancing a chemical equation, we ensure that the same number and type of atoms are present on both sides of the equation, which satisfies the law of conservation of mass.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 25 Report

Which of the following are mixtures?

I. Petroleum

II. Rubber latex

III. Vulcanizer's solution

IV. Carbon sulphide

I, II and III

I, II and IV

I and II only

I and IV

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 26 Report

From the graph above, it may be concluded that

AgNO

_{3}

is probably not soluble at 1100

NaCl is insoluble in water

Pb(NO

_{3}

)

_{2}

is more soluble than KCIO

_{3}

The solubility of KCIO

_{3}

exceeds that of NaCl at all temperature

Solubility Of Substances (Ghana Only)

Solutions

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Question 27 Report

In the upper atmosphere, the ultra-violet light breaks off a free chlorine atom from chlorofluorocarbon molecule. The effect of this is that the free chlorine atom will

be very reactive and will attack ozone

be non-reactive and will not attack ozone

not change the level of ozone in the atmosphere

increase the level of ozone in the atmosphere

Answer Details

The free chlorine atom that breaks off from a chlorofluorocarbon molecule will be very reactive and will attack ozone in the upper atmosphere. Ozone is a molecule made up of three oxygen atoms, and when the free chlorine atom reacts with ozone, it breaks the ozone molecule into two separate oxygen molecules. This reaction reduces the amount of ozone in the atmosphere, which is known as ozone depletion. Over time, this can lead to a thinning of the ozone layer, which protects life on Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.

Read lesson note on Environmental Pollution (JAMB)

Environmental Pollution

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Question 28 Report

The conductivity of an acid solution depends on the

amount of ions present and their mobilities

mobilities of the ions present

amount of ions present

temperature of the solution

Answer Details

The conductivity of an acid solution depends on the amount of ions present and their mobilities. When an acid dissolves in water, it forms ions that can carry an electric charge. These ions are what allows the solution to conduct electricity. The more ions there are in the solution, the better it can conduct electricity. However, not all ions have the same mobility or ability to move around in the solution. Ions with a higher mobility can move more easily through the solution, leading to a higher conductivity. Therefore, the conductivity of an acid solution is determined by both the amount of ions present and their mobilities. Other factors such as temperature can also affect conductivity, but the primary factors are the amount and mobility of ions.

Read lesson note on Chemical Bonds (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Chemical Bonds (Ghana Only)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 29 Report

Which of the following produces relatively few ions in solution?

NaOH

Ca(OH)

_{2}

KOH

AI(OH)

_{3}

Answer Details

The correct answer is AI(OH)3. When ionic compounds dissolve in water, they dissociate into their constituent ions, producing charged particles in solution. The more ions a compound produces, the more conductive it is in solution. AI(OH)3, also known as aluminum hydroxide, produces relatively few ions in solution because it is a weak base. When AI(OH)3 dissolves in water, it releases a small amount of Al3+ and OH- ions. In contrast, NaOH, KOH, and Ca(OH)2 are strong bases that dissociate more completely in water and produce more ions in solution. NaOH and KOH produce one hydroxide ion for every sodium or potassium ion, while Ca(OH)2 produces two hydroxide ions for every calcium ion. Therefore, of the options listed, AI(OH)3 produces relatively few ions in solution.

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 30 Report

Which of the following separation techniques can be employed in obtaining solvent from its solution?

Evaporation

Distillation

Filtration

Precipitation

Answer Details

The separation technique that can be employed in obtaining a solvent from its solution is evaporation. Evaporation is a process that involves heating a solution to vaporize the solvent, leaving behind the solute. The vaporized solvent can then be condensed and collected as a pure liquid. This technique is commonly used in industry and laboratory settings to recover solvents from solutions, as it is a simple and effective way to purify liquids. Distillation can also be used to separate a solvent from a solution, but it is a more complex process that involves boiling the solution and then condensing the vapors in a separate apparatus. Filtration and precipitation are not suitable for separating a solvent from a solution, as they are primarily used to separate solid particles from a liquid mixture.

Read lesson note on Solubility (JAMB)

Solubility

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Question 31 Report

The derivative of benzene that can be used in making explosives is

aniline

xylene

phenol

toluene

Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only)

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Question 32 Report

\(3\mathrm{H}_2(g) + \mathrm{N}_2 \rightleftharpoons 2\mathrm{NH}_3(g)\); H= -ve

In the reaction above, lowering of temperature will

have no effect on the equilibrium position

increase the rate of both the forward and reverse reactions equally

favour the forward reactio

favour the reverse reaction

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

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Question 33 Report

A quantity of electricity liberates 3.6g of Silver from its salt. What mass of aluminium Will be liberated from its salt by the same quantity of electricity? [Al = 27, Ag = 108].

2.7g

1.2g

0.9g

0.3g

Answer Details

The amount of substance liberated at an electrode during electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity passed through the solution. This is known as Faraday's laws of electrolysis. The key to solving this problem is to recognize that the same quantity of electricity is used to liberate both silver and aluminum from their respective salts. We can use the ratio of their molar masses to determine the mass of aluminum liberated. The molar mass of silver (Ag) is 108 g/mol, while the molar mass of aluminum (Al) is 27 g/mol. This means that it takes four times as many moles of aluminum to make the same mass as one mole of silver. Since the same quantity of electricity liberates 3.6g of silver from its salt, it will liberate four times as many moles of aluminum. Therefore, the mass of aluminum liberated is: (4 moles of Al) x (27 g/mol) = 108 g So, the mass of aluminum liberated is 0.108 g, or 0.1 g to one significant figure. Therefore, the answer is option D: 0.3g.

Read lesson note on Electrolysis (JAMB)

Electrolysis

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Question 34 Report

According to the Kinetic Theory an increase in temperature causes the kinetic energy of particles to

decrease

increase

be zero

remain constant

Answer Details

The kinetic energy of particles increases with an increase in temperature. In the Kinetic Theory, temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. The higher the temperature, the faster the particles move, and the more energy they have. Think of it like this: if you throw a ball, it will have more energy and travel farther if you throw it harder. Similarly, if you heat up a substance, its particles will move faster and have more energy. So, the answer is that an increase in temperature causes the kinetic energy of particles to increase.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 35 Report

2KClO3(g) MNO3? 2KCl(s) + 3O2(g)

The importance of the catalyst in the reaction above is that

heating may not be required before the reaction takes place

the reaction is controllable even at a high temperature

the reaction produces large quantity of oxygen

the reaction takes place more rapidly at a lower temperature

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 36 Report

Elements P, Q, R, S have 6, 11, 15, 17 electrons respectively, therefore,

P will form an electrovalent bond with R

Q will form a covalent bond with S

R will form an electrovalent bond with S

Q will form an electrovalent bond with S

Answer Details

Elements form bonds with other elements in order to attain a stable electron configuration, like the one found in noble gases. There are two types of bonds: covalent and ionic (also called electrovalent). In covalent bonds, two elements share electrons to attain a stable electron configuration. This type of bond is formed between two non-metal elements. In ionic bonds, one element donates electrons to another element, creating ions. This type of bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal element. Based on the information given, we can deduce the following: - P is a metal, as it has only 6 electrons. - Q is a non-Metal, as it has 11 electrons. - R is a metal, as it has 15 electrons. - S is a non-Metal, as it has 17 electrons. So, from this information, we can conclude that: - P will form an ionic bond with R, as P is a metal and R is a metal. - Q will form a covalent bond with S, as Q is a non-Metal and S is a non-Metal. Therefore, the correct answer is "Q will form a covalent bond with S."

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 37 Report

Suitable reagents for the laboratory preparation nitrogen are

sodium dioxonitrate(III) and ammonium chloride

sodium trioxonitrate(V) and ammonium chloride

sodium chloride and ammonium trioxonitrate(V)

sodium chloride and ammonium di-ozonitrate(III)

Chemical Industry And Environment

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Question 38 Report

The ionic radii of metals are usually

greater than their atomic radii

unaffected by the charge on the ion

the same as their atomic radii

less than their atomic radii

Answer Details

The ionic radii of metals are usually smaller than their atomic radii. The size of an atom is determined by the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons, which is known as the atomic radius. When a metal atom loses one or more electrons to form a positive ion (or cation), the resulting ion has a smaller size than the original atom. This is because the positive charge of the ion attracts the remaining electrons closer to the nucleus, making the ion smaller in size. So, when a metal forms a cation, its ionic radius is typically smaller than its atomic radius. This is a general trend in the periodic table, although there are some exceptions.

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 39 Report

The end products of burning a candle in the atmosphere are water and

carbon (II) oxide

sulphur (IV) oxide

carbon (IV) oxide

sulphur (VI) oxide

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Question 40 Report

The collision theory explains reaction rates in terms of

size of the product

frequency of collision of the reactants

size of reactant

frequency of collision of the products

Answer Details

The collision theory explains reaction rates in terms of the frequency of collision of the reactants. In other words, the theory suggests that for a chemical reaction to occur, the reactant particles must collide with sufficient energy and with the correct orientation. The frequency of these collisions is an important factor in determining the rate of the reaction. The more frequently the reactant particles collide, the more likely it is that they will react and form products. Therefore, increasing the frequency of collisions between reactant particles can increase the rate of a chemical reaction. The size of the reactants or the products does not play a significant role in the collision theory.

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)