JAMB UTME - Physical Education - 2023

How many points is required to win a badminton game ?

Détails de la réponse

To win a game in badminton, a player or a team needs to score a certain number of points. The number of points required to win a badminton game is 21 points.
However, there are certain rules that need to be followed in order to determine the winner. The winner must also have a 2-point lead over their opponent to secure the victory.
Let me explain the scoring system more in detail. In badminton, each rally results in a point being awarded to one of the players or teams. The rally starts with a serve and ends when the shuttlecock hits the ground within the boundaries, or if a fault is committed by one of the players.
Regardless of who served, a point is awarded to the serving side every time they win a rally. If the serving side loses a rally, the serve will be handed over to the opposing side, and they will have an opportunity to score points.
The game is played until one player or team reaches 21 points, with a 2-point lead. If the score reaches a tie at 20-20, it is called a "deuce". In a deuce, players need to continue playing until a player or team gains a 2-point lead to win the game.
In summary, to win a badminton game, a player or team needs to score 21 points with a 2-point lead over the opponent.

Which of the following is not an equipment/facility used in badminton games?

Détails de la réponse

Paddles are not used in badminton games. Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. The equipment used in badminton includes a racquet, shuttlecock, and strings for the racquet.

Which of the following is not an objective of physical Eduaction ?

Détails de la réponse

The objective of physical education is to promote overall well-being and enhance various aspects of an individual's life through physical activities. It aims to improve physical fitness, develop the habit of sportsmanship, and enhance emotional stability. However, **"To be able to bully people"** is not an objective of physical education. Physical education focuses on teaching students about the importance of physical health and well-being. It aims to help students develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle by engaging in regular physical activities. Through physical education, students learn about the importance of physical fitness, including cardiovascular and muscular endurance, flexibility, and strength. Another objective of physical education is to develop the habit of sportsmanship. This includes teaching students about fair play, teamwork, and respect for others. Sportsmanship encourages students to compete with integrity, showing respect for their opponents and abiding by the rules of the game. It promotes values such as cooperation, discipline, and fair competition. Additionally, physical education plays a role in developing emotional stability. Engaging in physical activities can help students manage stress, improve their mood, and develop a positive mindset. Physical education classes often include activities that promote relaxation, stress reduction, and mental well-being. However, **"To be able to bully people"** does not align with the objectives of physical education. Bullying goes against the principles of sportsmanship and personal well-being. Physical education aims to create a safe and inclusive environment where all students can participate and enjoy physical activities without fear or intimidation. In conclusion, physical education objectives focus on developing physical fitness, promoting sportsmanship, and enhancing emotional stability. It does not aim to encourage or support bullying behavior, as the well-being and respect for others are fundamental principles of physical education.

Track events are done on a ___

Détails de la réponse

Track events are done on a running track.
A running track is a specially designed surface that is used for various athletic events, including track and field competitions. It is typically made of a synthetic material, such as rubber or synthetic fibers, to provide a springy and comfortable surface for athletes to run on.
The track is marked with lanes for each runner, usually six to eight lanes, to ensure fairness in races. These lanes are usually marked with different colors to make it easier for spectators and athletes to identify them.
The surface of the track is specifically designed to offer good traction and reduce the risk of slipping or falling during the race. It also helps to absorb the impact of each step, minimizing the strain on the athletes' joints and muscles.
In addition to running events, a running track is also used for other track and field events, such as long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault. The track provides a clear and standardized area for these events to take place, with designated markings and zones for each discipline.
Overall, a running track provides a controlled and professional setting for track events, ensuring fairness, safety, and optimal performance for athletes.

The type of exchange in a relay race, in which the receiver's hand is behind them at the waist height with the palm facing down is called ?

Détails de la réponse

The type of exchange in a relay race, in which the receiver's hand is behind them at the waist height with the palm facing down, is called the Upsweep.
During the upsweep exchange, the runner who is about to receive the baton holds their hand behind them, at waist height, with the palm facing downward. This position allows for a smooth and efficient transfer of the baton from the outgoing runner to the incoming runner.
The upsweep exchange is advantageous because it allows for a quick and secure handoff between the two runners. The palm facing downward helps ensure that the baton is securely placed in the receiving runner's hand, minimizing the risk of dropping or losing control of the baton.
This type of exchange is commonly used in relay races because of its reliability and efficiency. It allows for a seamless transition between runners and minimizes the potential for errors during the baton exchange, ultimately contributing to the overall success of the relay team.

The following are the injuries that can be sustained at sport except ____

Détails de la réponse

Stomach ache is not typically considered an injury that can be sustained in sports. While it is common to experience stomach discomfort or cramps during physical activities, it is generally caused by factors such as dehydration, improper nutrition, or digestive issues rather than a direct injury to the body.
In contrast, sprains, bruises, and strains are types of injuries that can occur in sports:
- Sprains occur when ligaments, which connect bones together, are stretched or torn. This can happen when a joint is forcefully twisted or bent beyond its normal range of motion. Common areas for sprains include the ankle, wrist, or knee.
- Bruises, also known as contusions, result from a direct blow to the body. When tiny blood vessels under the skin get damaged, blood leaks out and causes discoloration, swelling, and tenderness. Bruises can occur in various body parts depending on the impact during sports.
- Strains are injuries to muscles or tendons. They typically occur due to overstretching or overexertion of the affected tissues. Strains commonly happen in areas like the hamstring, calf muscles, or lower back.
It is important to note that while stomach aches may not be considered an injury, they should not be ignored. It is crucial to address any persistent or severe stomach discomfort during physical activity by seeking medical advice and taking appropriate measures such as staying hydrated, consuming balanced meals, and avoiding excessive exertion.

Excess presence of which of the following causes tooth decay in children?

Détails de la réponse

Tooth decay in children is primarily caused by the excess presence of fluoride. Fluoride is a naturally occurring mineral that can be found in various sources such as water, food, and dental products. It is commonly added to toothpaste and water supplies to help prevent tooth decay.
However, when there is an excessive amount of fluoride, it can have negative effects on dental health. This is particularly true for children whose teeth are still developing.
Excess fluoride can cause a condition called dental fluorosis, which affects the outer layer of the teeth called the enamel. Dental fluorosis leads to the formation of white or brownish stains, and in severe cases, it can cause pitting or mottling of the teeth.
It's important to note that fluoride in optimal amounts is beneficial for dental health, as it helps to strengthen enamel and prevent tooth decay. The key is to ensure that children are exposed to fluoride in appropriate concentrations.
In summary, the excess presence of fluoride can cause tooth decay in children by leading to dental fluorosis, resulting in discoloration and damage to the tooth enamel.

Hockey pitch, nets and flag posts are facilities used in ?

Détails de la réponse

A fracture is a break, usually in a bone. If the broken bone punctures the skin, it is called an open or compound fracture.

Which of the following is a field event ?

Détails de la réponse

A field event is a type of athletic competition that takes place in a designated area or field rather than on a track. It involves athletes competing in various events that require physical strength, skill, and technique.
Out of the options provided, javelin throw is the field event. In javelin throw, an athlete throws a long spear-like object called a javelin as far as possible within a marked area. The aim is to achieve the maximum distance with proper technique, accuracy, and strength.
On the other hand, hurdles race, 100m race, and relay race are all track events. In hurdles race, athletes run and jump over a series of hurdles placed at regular intervals on the track. The objective is to complete the race in the shortest possible time while clearing all the hurdles.
In a 100m race, athletes compete to run a distance of 100 meters in the fastest time possible, with the finish line being the determining factor.
A relay race involves a team of runners passing a baton from one runner to another, usually in a circular or linear track. The goal is to complete the race in the shortest time by efficiently transferring the baton between team members.
Therefore, among the options mentioned, only javelin throw can be categorized as a field event as it takes place in a designated area and requires throwing a javelin for distance.

Which of the following control breathing rate in humans?

Détails de la réponse

The medulla oblongata controls the breathing rate in humans. Medulla oblongata is a part of the brainstem that is responsible for many involuntary functions including breathing. It is located at the base of the brain, just above the spinal cord.
The medulla oblongata contains special cells called respiratory centers, specifically the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) and the ventral respiratory group (VRG). These centers detect the levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) in the blood.
When the carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase, the DRG signals the muscles of the diaphragm and the ribcage to contract. This causes inhalation, allowing fresh oxygen to enter the lungs and carbon dioxide to be exhaled. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide levels decrease, the DRG signals the muscles to relax, resulting in exhalation.
The medulla oblongata also communicates with the hypothalamus and the thalamus, but their roles are not directly related to controlling the breathing rate. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and other functions, while the thalamus is involved in relaying sensory information to the cerebral cortex.
The cerebellum, although important for coordination and balance, does not control the breathing rate.
In summary, the medulla oblongata is responsible for controlling the breathing rate in humans by detecting the levels of carbon dioxide in the blood and signaling the muscles involved in breathing to adjust accordingly.

The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your:

Détails de la réponse

The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your muscular strength. Muscular strength refers to the maximum amount of force that a muscle or group of muscles can generate. It is determined by factors such as muscle size, fiber type, and the ability of the muscles to contract. Stamina, agility, and muscular endurance are all related to physical performance, but they do not directly determine the amount of force that can be exerted. - Stamina is the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort. It is more focused on maintaining energy levels and enduring long-duration activities rather than generating high levels of force. - Agility is the ability to change direction quickly and efficiently. It involves coordination, balance, and speed. While agility is important for overall physical performance, it does not necessarily correlate with the amount of force that can be produced. - Muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to repeatedly exert force or sustain an activity over an extended period. It is related to the capacity to resist fatigue, but it does not directly determine the maximum force output. Therefore, the primary factor affecting the amount of force you can put out is your muscular strength. Developing and improving muscular strength through proper training and exercise can increase your ability to generate force and perform tasks that require strength.

Which of the following is an example of non-contact games

Détails de la réponse

Swimming is an example of a non-contact game. In swimming, athletes participate in a race by propelling themselves through the water using different swimming strokes. Unlike boxing, wrestling, and taekwondo, swimming does not involve physical contact between the athletes. Instead, swimmers focus on their speed, technique, and endurance to outperform their competitors and reach the finish line faster. It is essential to note that while swimming is a non-contact game, athletes still adhere to certain rules and regulations to ensure fair competition and safety in the pool.

The following are key locomotor skills except

Détails de la réponse

The key locomotor skills refer to the movement skills that involve the coordination and control of the body. They are important for physical development and daily functioning. Among the listed options, singing is not a locomotor skill.

Crawling is the movement skill where an individual moves on their hands and knees or hands and feet while their abdomen is off the ground.

Climbing is the locomotor skill where an individual ascends or descends an object or structure using their hands and feet.

Walking is a well-known locomotor skill that involves moving forward in a rhythmic manner by alternating steps between the feet while maintaining balance.

On the other hand, singing is a form of vocalization using the voice to produce musical tones and vocal sounds, which is not directly related to body movement and coordination.

Therefore, among the given options, singing is the key locomotor skill that is not included in the list.

Which of the following factors does not affect posture ?

Détails de la réponse

Posture is affected by factors such as age, habit, and heredity. Complexion, which refers to the natural color, texture, and appearance of the skin, does not affect posture.

Saliva helps in the digestion of

Détails de la réponse

Saliva helps in the digestion of starch.
Starch is a carbohydrate that is found in foods like rice, potatoes, bread, and pasta. When we eat foods containing starch, our body needs to break it down into smaller molecules so that it can be absorbed and used for energy.
This is where saliva comes in! When we chew our food, our salivary glands produce saliva that contains an enzyme called amylase. Amylase is responsible for breaking down the starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules called glucose.
By breaking down starch, saliva helps to start the process of digestion and makes it easier for our body to absorb and utilize the energy from the food we eat.
Saliva doesn't directly help in the digestion of proteins, fats, or vitamins. These nutrients are broken down by different enzymes and processes in our digestive system.
In summary, saliva plays an important role in the digestion of starch by producing an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into smaller sugar molecules.

The type of family in which one spouse(man or woman) has several other spouses is called?

Détails de la réponse

The correct answer is a **polygamous family**. In a polygamous family, one spouse (whether it be a man or a woman) has multiple spouses. This means that the individual has entered into multiple legal marriages simultaneously. Polygamy can take different forms. One common form is **polygyny**, where a man has multiple wives. In this case, the man is the only one who is allowed to have multiple spouses. Another form is **polyandry**, where a woman has multiple husbands. However, polyandry is less common compared to polygyny. In a polygamous family, the spouses may live together or in separate households. It is important to note that the type of family structure can vary across different cultures and religions around the world. While polygamy is practiced in some societies, it is illegal in many countries.

Which of the following is an indoor game ?

Détails de la réponse

One of the options in the list that is an indoor game is chess.
Chess is a strategic board game that is played between two players. It is typically played indoors on a square board consisting of 64 squares of alternating colors. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, which means putting the opponent's king in a position where it is under immediate attack and cannot escape capture.
Chess is considered an indoor game because it is typically played in a controlled environment, such as indoors at home, in schools, or in chess clubs. The game requires a calm and quiet setting, as players need to concentrate, think ahead, and plan their moves strategically.
Unlike outdoor games such as sprinting, soccer, and swimming, which require physical activity and are played in open spaces, chess is a mental and intellectual game that can be enjoyed indoors. It can be played at any time, independent of weather conditions. Chess also promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills, making it a popular choice for intellectual stimulation and competition.
In summary, chess is an indoor game because it is played on a board, requires mental effort, and is typically enjoyed in a controlled environment, providing an opportunity for strategic thinking and intellectual engagement.

How many pairs of the spinal nerve are located in human?

Détails de la réponse

31 pairs of spinal nerves are located in the human body.

The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system, which is responsible for transmitting signals between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body.

The nerves emerge from the spinal cord in the vertebral column and pass through spaces called intervertebral foramina to reach different parts of the body.

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves in total:

- 8 pairs of cervical nerves (C1-C8): These emerge from the nekc area and supply signals to the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands.

- 12 pairs of thoracic nerves (T1-T12): These emerge from the upper back area and supply signals to the chest, abdomen, and back.

- 5 pairs of lumbar nerves (L1-L5): These emerge from the lower back area and supply signals to the lower back, buttocks, and legs.

- 5 pairs of sacral nerves (S1-S5): These emerge from the pelvis area and supply signals to the pelvis, genitals, and legs.

- 1 pair of coccygeal nerves: These emerge from the base of the spine and supply signals to the tailbone area.

Each pair of spinal nerves has a sensory component, which carries signals from the body to the spinal cord and a motor component, which carries signals from the spinal cord to the muscles and organs.

By having 31 pairs of spinal nerves, the human body is able to send and receive signals to and from every part of the body, allowing for movement, sensation, and control over bodily functions.

The condition of the body physically, mentally and otherwise not only the absence of disease or an infirmity is

Détails de la réponse

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently to allow you to be healthy and perform activities of daily living is

Détails de la réponse

The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently to allow you to be healthy and perform activities of daily living is physical fitness. Physical fitness refers to the overall condition of your body and how well it can perform physical activities. It involves different aspects such as strength, endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular health.
When your body systems, such as the respiratory, circulatory, muscular, and skeletal systems, are in good condition and work together harmoniously, you have a higher level of physical fitness. This means your body can efficiently carry out tasks and movements, allowing you to have the energy and stamina to engage in activities without getting tired quickly.
Physical fitness also plays a vital role in maintaining good posture. Having strong muscles and a flexible body can help support your spine and maintain proper alignment, reducing the risk of developing posture-related issues.
Additionally, physical fitness has a positive impact on the immune system. Regular exercise and staying physically active can boost your immune system and help protect against various illnesses and diseases. When you are physically fit, your body is better equipped to fight off infections and recover more quickly.
In summary, physical fitness is essential for the body systems to work together efficiently. It allows you to stay healthy, have the energy and stamina for daily activities, maintain good posture, and enhance the functionality of your immune system.

____ is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts

Détails de la réponse

Anatomy is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts. It focuses on understanding how different parts of the body are organized and connected to each other. This includes studying the shapes, sizes, and locations of organs, tissues, and cells. By examining these details, anatomists can gain a better understanding of how the body functions as a whole. In simple terms, anatomy helps us to understand the physical structure of the body and how its various parts work together.

The capacity to change direction effectively and quickly while maintaining body posture is called ?

Détails de la réponse

The capacity to change direction effectively and quickly while maintaining body posture is called agility. Agility is the ability to move and change direction with ease, speed, and precision. It involves coordination, balance, and quick reflexes.
Agility is not just about being fast, but also being able to control your body movements and maintain balance while moving in different directions. It requires flexibility, strength, and an awareness of your body positioning.
Having good agility is important in many sports and physical activities, such as basketball, soccer, tennis, and martial arts. It allows athletes to quickly change direction, dodge opponents, and react to unexpected situations.
By training and improving agility, individuals can enhance their overall performance in sports, reduce the risk of injury, and improve body control. Agility drills, exercises, and practice can help improve reaction time, coordination, and body awareness.
In summary, agility is the ability to change direction quickly, maintain body posture, and move with precision. It is an essential skill for athletes and can be developed through training and practice.

The sideways curvature of the spine is called ?

Détails de la réponse

The sideways curvature of the spine is called scoliosis.
Scoliosis is when the spine curves to the side instead of being straight. It can occur in different parts of the spine and vary in severity.
Causes of scoliosis include genetic factors, muscle imbalances, and certain medical conditions. Sometimes, the cause is unknown.
It is important to detect scoliosis early because it can worsen over time and lead to pain, breathing difficulties, and reduced mobility.
Treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity and individual needs. It may include exercises, braces, or in severe cases, surgery. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential to manage scoliosis effectively.

1. The human ankle has _____ bones

Détails de la réponse

Ankle is known as tarsus in humans. It contains seven bones called tarsal's. It is arranged in three rows having gliding joints

Which of the following part of the human body is responsible for movement ?

Détails de la réponse

Muscles are responsible for movement in the human body. They play a vital role in facilitating various types of movements such as running, walking, and even simple actions like moving an arm or winking an eye. Muscles are special tissues that can contract and relax, enabling them to generate force and movement.
When our brain sends a signal to move a certain part of our body, the muscles associated with that movement receive the message and contract. As the muscles contract, they pull on the bones connected to them through tendons. This pulling action enables the bones to move, resulting in the desired movement.
Muscles work in opposing pairs, known as antagonistic pairs. This means that when one muscle in the pair contracts, the other relaxes to allow movement. For example, when we bend our arm, the biceps muscle contracts, while the triceps muscle relaxes. Conversely, when we straighten our arm, the triceps muscle contracts, and the biceps muscle relaxes.
In summary, muscles are the main component responsible for movement in the human body. They are capable of contracting and relaxing, allowing them to generate force and facilitate various types of movements.

The human heart is located in the

Détails de la réponse

The human heart is located in the thoracic cavity.
The thoracic cavity is the space found in the chest region between the neck and the diaphragm. It is protected by the rib cage and contains vital organs such as the heart and lungs.
The heart, which is a muscular organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, is specifically positioned in the middle of the thoracic cavity, slightly tilted to the left. It is surrounded and protected by the lungs.
The positioning of the heart in the thoracic cavity allows it to be close to major blood vessels and organs, facilitating its primary function of pumping oxygenated blood to the body and deoxygenated blood back to the lungs for oxygenation.

The following are the examples of sports except

Détails de la réponse

marketing, the sum of activities involved in directing the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers

Who is regarded as the father of physical eduction in Nigeria ?

Détails de la réponse

Harding James Ekperigin is widely recognized as the father of physical education in Nigeria. He made significant contributions to the development and promotion of physical education in the country.

The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobile is ______

Détails de la réponse

The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide.
When we drive cars, they burn gasoline or diesel fuel to produce energy that moves the car. However, this burning process also produces harmful gases as byproducts. One of these gases is carbon monoxide (CO).
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is very harmful to humans and the environment. It is produced when there is not enough oxygen during the burning process, which is common in the engines of cars.
When we inhale carbon monoxide, it binds to our red blood cells more easily than oxygen, reducing the amount of oxygen our body can carry. This can lead to serious health problems, especially for people with heart or lung conditions.
Additionally, carbon monoxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. It traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to higher global temperatures and disrupting the natural balance of our planet.
In summary, the hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide. It is harmful to both human health and the environment, making it important for us to find ways to reduce its emissions from vehicles.

In which form of nationalism has its goals achieved through revolution.

Détails de la réponse

Revolutionary nationalism is the form of nationalism where its goals are achieved through revolution.
In this type of nationalism, people are united by a strong desire for change and liberation from a certain political or social system. The movement is driven by the belief that the current system is oppressive or unfair, and that a revolution is necessary to bring about the desired changes.
During a revolution, there may be protests, demonstrations, and even armed conflicts against the existing government or ruling power. The aim is to overthrow the current system and replace it with a new one that aligns with the aspirations and ideals of the nationalist movement.
One of the most notable examples of revolutionary nationalism is the American Revolution. In the 18th century, American colonists felt that they were being unfairly treated by the British government and demanded independence. They organized protests, boycotts, and eventually took up arms against the British forces. Through the Revolutionary War, the American colonists were able to achieve their goal of establishing the United States as an independent nation.
Revolutionary nationalism often involves a strong sense of patriotism and a belief in the power of the people to shape their own destiny. It aims to create a new political order that reflects the values and aspirations of the nation.
Key points: - Revolutionary nationalism achieves its goals through revolution. - It involves protests, demonstrations, and even armed conflict against the existing government or ruling power. - The aim is to overthrow the current system and replace it with a new one that aligns with the aspirations and ideals of the nationalist movement. - The American Revolution is a notable example of revolutionary nationalism. - It involves a strong sense of patriotism and belief in the power of the people to shape their own destiny.

Détails de la réponse

The sport injury that results in the break of bone is called fracture.
A fracture occurs when there is a break in the continuity of a bone. This can happen as a result of a sports-related injury where there is a direct impact or excessive force applied to the bone. Fractures can vary in severity, ranging from a small crack to a complete break.
Unlike a sprain, which involves damage to the ligaments connecting bones, a fracture specifically refers to a break in the bone itself.
Similarly, a strain is an injury to the muscles or tendons, while a bruise is the result of damage to the blood vessels under the skin.
It is important to note that fractures require medical attention and proper treatment, which may involve immobilizing the affected area, using casts or splints, and in some cases, surgery. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to ensure proper healing and minimize complications.

How many trials are allowed in shot put?

Détails de la réponse

Only 3 trials are allowed in shot put.

Which of the following helps human sperm with locomotion?

Détails de la réponse

The correct answer that helps human sperm with locomotion is the flagellum. The flagellum is a long, whip-like structure that is present in the sperm. It is responsible for the movement of the sperm through various fluids in order to reach and fertilize the egg.
The flagellum is composed of microtubules, which are tiny structures that give it its shape and strength. These microtubules are arranged in a pattern that allows the flagellum to move in a whip-like motion. This motion propels the sperm forward, allowing it to swim through the female reproductive tract towards the egg.
The movement of the flagellum is powered by a complex biochemical process. Inside the flagellum, there are structures called dynein arms. These dynein arms use energy from ATP molecules to move and bend the microtubules, causing the flagellum to move in a coordinated manner.
The flagellum is essential for the sperm's ability to swim and reach the egg for fertilization. Without a functional flagellum, the sperm would not be able to move effectively and would have a much lower chance of successfully fertilizing an egg.
In summary, the flagellum is the structure in human sperm that helps with locomotion. Its whip-like motion, powered by dynein arms and ATP, allows the sperm to swim towards the egg for fertilization.

Herbert Macaulay is considered as the founder of Nigerian Nationalism. He was a Nigerian nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and musician and is considered by many Nigerians as the founder of Nigerian nationalism.

Détails de la réponse

Herbert Macaulay is considered the founder of Nigerian Nationalism because of his significant contributions to the nationalist movement in Nigeria. He played a key role in advocating for Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule and in mobilizing Nigerians to fight for their rights and freedom.
Macaulay was a multi-talented individual who excelled in various fields. He was a nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and even a musician. Through his diverse skills and talents, he was able to engage with people from different backgrounds and effectively communicate his ideas and goals.
As a politician, Macaulay used his platform to advocate for constitutional reforms and the inclusion of Nigerians in the governance of their own country. He founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923, which became a prominent political party advocating for Nigerian interests.
Macaulay's journalistic skills were instrumental in spreading awareness and mobilizing Nigerians for the nationalist cause. He founded and edited the newspaper Lagos Daily News, which became a powerful tool for disseminating information and shaping public opinion.
Furthermore, Macaulay's engineering and architectural expertise enabled him to contribute to the development and modernization of Lagos. He played a key role in urban planning and infrastructure projects, which helped improve the quality of life for Nigerians.
Macaulay's unwavering commitment to Nigerian nationalism and his tireless efforts in fighting for independence laid the foundation for future nationalist leaders, such as Tafawa Balewa, Aguyi Ironsi, and Ahmadu Bello. While these individuals also made significant contributions to Nigerian nationalism, it was Macaulay who paved the way and inspired others to join the cause.
In conclusion, Herbert Macaulay is widely regarded as the founder of Nigerian nationalism due to his integral role in advocating for Nigeria's independence, his contributions to various fields, and his ability to mobilize and unite Nigerians in the nationalist movement.

Fruit and vegetables are important because

Détails de la réponse

Fruits and vegetables are important for several reasons:

1. They give you energy: Fruits and vegetables are packed with carbohydrates, which are the body's main source of energy. They provide us with the fuel we need to go about our daily activities.

2. They are easily available: Fruits and vegetables are widely accessible in grocery stores, farmers' markets, and even in our own backyards. They are readily available, making it convenient for us to incorporate them into our diets.

3. They are colorful: Fruits and vegetables come in a wide array of vibrant colors such as red, orange, green, and purple. These colors are not just visually appealing, but they also indicate the presence of different nutrients and antioxidants that are essential for our health.

4. They provide you with a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients: Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and nutrients that our bodies need to function properly. They are excellent sources of vitamin C, vitamin A, potassium, fiber, and folate, among others.

In conclusion, fruits and vegetables give us energy, are easily available, add color to our meals, and provide us with a wide range of essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. It is important to include them in our daily diet for overall health and wellbeing.

Which of the following is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton?

Détails de la réponse

The vestigial bony part of the human skeleton is the Coccyx.
The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is a small triangular structure located at the bottom of the vertebral column. It consists of three to five fused vertebrae.
In the past, the coccyx had a more functional role in our ancestors who had tails. However, over millions of years of evolution, the tail became unnecessary for human survival and gradually disappeared.
Today, the coccyx serves as a vestigial structure, meaning it is a remnant of our evolutionary past that no longer has a significant function. It is a reduced and modified version of what used to be a functional tail.
Function: While the coccyx no longer has a significant role in humans, it does serve as an attachment point for several muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These structures help support our body weight when we sit or stand and also play a role in stabilizing our pelvis.
Development: During embryonic development, the coccyx starts as separate vertebrae. However, as the fetus develops, these vertebrae gradually fuse together to form the coccyx. This fusion is typically complete by early adulthood.
Importance: Although the coccyx is a vestige of our evolutionary past with no significant function in modern humans, it can still be susceptible to injury or discomfort. Falls, trauma during childbirth, or prolonged sitting on hard surfaces can lead to coccyx pain or fracture.
To summarize, the coccyx is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton. It is a remnant of our evolutionary history when our ancestors had tails. Although it no longer has a significant function, it serves as an attachment point for muscles and plays a role in supporting our pelvis.

Which of the following is a track event ?

Détails de la réponse

A track event is a type of competition that involves running, jumping, or throwing on an oval-shaped track. Out of the given options, the track event is the 100m race.
The triple jump and high jump are both field events, rather than track events. The triple jump is a jumping event that involves three consecutive phases: the hop, the step, and the jump. Athletes aim to jump as far as possible in one single attempt.
Similarly, the high jump is also a jumping event. Athletes try to leap over a horizontal bar set at a specific height without knocking it down. The higher the bar, the greater the difficulty.
The pole vault, on the other hand, involves using a long, flexible pole to propel oneself over a horizontal bar. Athletes sprint down a runway, plant the pole in a specially designed box, and use it to propel themselves over the bar.
In summary, the 100m race is the track event among the given options. It is a sprinting event where athletes compete to be the fastest over a distance of 100 meters.

The assistant referees in a soccer game are also called ?

Détails de la réponse

The assistant referees in a soccer game are also called linesmen.
These linesmen play a crucial role in assisting the main referee in making important decisions during the game. They are positioned along the sidelines of the field and their main responsibilities include:
1. Offside Decision: One key responsibility of the linesmen is to help the referee determine if a player is in an offside position. Offside is a rule in soccer that prevents players from being in a forward position and actively involved in play when the ball is played to them, unless there are enough defenders between them and the goal line. The linesmen use their position and judgement to raise their flag and notify the referee if they believe an offside has occurred.
2. Out of Play Decision: The linesmen also assist the referee in determining if the ball has gone out of play. This includes situations such as when the ball has fully crossed the sideline or the goal line. If the linesman sees the ball go out of play, they raise their flag to signal that the ball is no longer in play.
3. Fouls and Decisions: The linesmen also help the referee identify fouls and infringements that may have occurred during the match. They can communicate with the referee through subtle gestures or flag signals if they notice an infringement that the referee may have missed. This helps the referee make fair and accurate decisions.
4. Substitutions: The linesmen also assist in managing substitutions during the game. They keep track of the number of substitutions made by each team and inform the referee when a substitution is requested.
In summary, the linesmen are an essential part of the officiating team in a soccer match. They assist the referee in making important decisions regarding offside, out of play situations, fouls, and substitutions.

If the assistant referee in a soccer match raises the flag, at a 45 degree angle and points it horizontally along the touch line, what does that indicate?

Détails de la réponse

If the assistant referee in a soccer match raises the flag at a 45 degree angle and points it horizontally along the touch line, it indicates a throw-in.
A throw-in happens when the ball goes out of bounds over the side of the field, also known as the touchline. When this happens, the team that did not touch the ball last is awarded a throw-in. The assistant referee uses the flag to signal to the referee and the players that a throw-in should be taken.
The 45 degree angle and horizontal pointing of the flag are important signals that help the referee and players understand the decision. It is a clear and standard way to indicate a throw-in.

Which of the following is not a swimming stroke ?

Détails de la réponse

The swimming stroke that is not listed among the options is the downstroke.

Let's briefly discuss the other three swimming strokes to understand why the downstroke is not considered a swimming stroke:

Crawl: Also known as freestyle, the crawl is the fastest and most commonly used stroke in competitive swimming. It involves a continuous alternating arm motion and a flutter kick. Swimmers move their arms in a windmill-like pattern, pulling the water towards them, while their legs kick in a repetitive up and down motion.

Backstroke: As the name suggests, swimmers swim on their backs, facing up. The main propulsive force in backstroke comes from the alternating arm movement, similar to the crawl stroke. The arms move in a wider arc, and the hands enter the water pinky-first. The legs perform a flutter kick, similar to that of the crawl stroke.

Breaststroke: The breaststroke is the slowest of the four competitive swimming strokes, but it is often considered the most graceful. Swimmers synchronize a frog-like kick and an arm pull to propel themselves through the water. The arms move together in a half-circle motion underwater, while the legs kick outwards and then back inwards simultaneously.

Downstroke: The term "downstroke" does not correspond to any recognized swimming stroke. It may be a term used in other contexts or in certain swimming drills, but it is not a distinct swimming stroke like the crawl, backstroke, or breaststroke.