JAMB UTME - Christian Religious Studies - 2018

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According to James, in his letter found in the New Testament of the Bible, "judgment is without mercy to one who shows no mercy." This means that if someone is not willing to show mercy to others, they can't expect to receive mercy when they themselves are judged. However, James also states that "mercy triumphs," which means that showing mercy is more powerful and important than any kind of judgment or punishment. In other words, being merciful towards others is the right way to live and can ultimately lead to positive outcomes. So, to summarize, if someone is not willing to show mercy to others, they cannot expect to receive mercy when they are judged. But, if someone is merciful towards others, they will experience the triumph of mercy over judgment.

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"But the angel said to him: “Do not be afraid, Zechariah; your prayer has been heard. Your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you are to call him John. He will be a joy and delight to you, and many will rejoice because of his birth, for he will be great in the sight of the Lord. He is never to take wine or other fermented drink, and he will be filled with the Holy Spirit even before he is born. He will bring back many of the people of Israel to the Lord their God. And he will go on before the Lord, in the spirit and power of Elijah, to turn the hearts of the parents to their children and the disobedient to the wisdom of the righteous to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.”" (Luke 1:13-17)

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According to the biblical account in 2 Kings 5, Naaman was a powerful commander in the army of the king of Aram who had leprosy. Naaman's servant, a young Israelite girl, told him about the prophet Elisha who could heal him. Naaman went to Elisha, who instructed him to bathe in the Jordan River seven times to be cured. Naaman followed the instructions and was healed of his leprosy. After Naaman was healed, he wanted to give Elisha a gift, but Elisha refused. However, Elisha's servant, Gehazi, was covetous and wanted to receive some of the gifts that Naaman had brought. So Gehazi went after Naaman and lied to him, saying that Elisha had sent him to ask for two talents of silver and two sets of clothing. Naaman gave Gehazi what he requested, and Gehazi hid the gifts in his house. When Gehazi returned to Elisha, he lied to him as well, saying that he had not gone anywhere. Elisha, being a prophet, knew what had happened and pronounced a curse on Gehazi and his descendants, saying that Naaman's leprosy would now be on him and his descendants forever. Therefore, it was Gehazi's covetousness and deceitfulness that caused him to receive Naaman's leprosy as a punishment for his actions.

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According to the Book of Romans, they that are in the flesh cannot please God. This means that people who are controlled by their physical desires and worldly thoughts cannot live a life that is pleasing to God. It is believed that true worship and pleasing God come from having a spiritual mindset and being guided by the Holy Spirit, not just physical actions.

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Ezekiel 2:1-3, 3
Ezekiel saw a hand stretched toward him. In the hand was a scroll which unrolled before him. There was writing on both sides of the scroll. Written on the scroll were words of lament, mourning, and woe.

The figure said, “Eat this scroll and fill your stomach with it.”

Ezekiel ate the scroll – and it tasted as sweet as honey

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Angel Gabriel told Zachariah that he would become dumb because he did not believe God's words. Zachariah had doubts and questioned the angel's message about his wife Elizabeth having a baby, even though they were both old and had been trying to have a child for a long time. This lack of faith in God's plan made the angel Gabriel declare that Zachariah would not be able to speak until the baby, John, was born as a sign of punishment for his disbelief.

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According to Peter, believers who are reproached for the name of Christ are blessed because the spirit of glory rests upon them. This means that when believers suffer for the sake of Christ, they are blessed because the Holy Spirit of God comes upon them and strengthens them. This helps them endure the hardships and trials that come with following Christ and standing up for their faith. Peter is saying that the glory of God is with those who suffer for the name of Christ, and that this is a blessing that should be cherished rather than feared.

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The sign of God's covenant with Abraham was circumcision. In the book of Genesis, God made a covenant with Abraham and promised to make him the father of many nations. As a sign of this covenant, God instructed Abraham to circumcise himself, his male children, and his male servants. Circumcision is a surgical procedure that involves removing the foreskin of the penis. It was a common practice in the ancient Near East, but God gave it a new significance by making it the sign of His covenant with Abraham. Through circumcision, Abraham and his descendants were set apart as a people who belonged to God and were committed to following His ways. The practice of circumcision continued throughout the Old Testament, and it was an important sign of Jewish identity and faith. In the New Testament, however, the Apostle Paul taught that circumcision was not necessary for salvation, and that faith in Jesus Christ was the true sign of belonging to God. In summary, circumcision was the sign of God's covenant with Abraham, and it symbolized a commitment to follow God's ways and be set apart as His people.

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According to James, the prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective. James, a New Testament book in the Bible, emphasizes the importance of faith and good works in a person's life. In James 5:16, it says that the prayer of a righteous man is powerful and effective, meaning that when a person who is righteous prays, their prayer has the power to bring about change and is heard by God. This statement highlights the idea that a person's righteousness, or right standing with God, can have a positive impact on their prayers and the outcomes they receive.

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The man of God whose word was ignored by Kings Ahab and Jehoshaphat was Micaiah. Micaiah was a prophet in the Hebrew Bible. When King Ahab of Israel and King Jehoshaphat of Judah went to war against the Arameans, they asked for advice from their prophets, who all told them that they would be victorious. But Jehoshaphat asked for another opinion, and Micaiah was brought before the two kings. Unlike the other prophets, Micaiah warned them that they would not be successful and that they would be defeated. However, both Ahab and Jehoshaphat ignored Micaiah's warning and went to battle anyway. In the end, Micaiah's prophecy came true and Ahab was killed in the battle.

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Amos 7:10
Then Amaziah the priest of Bethel sent to Jeroboam king of Israel, saying, Amos hath conspired against thee in the midst of the house of Israel: the land is not able to bear all his words.

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The disciple who replaced Judas Iscariot was Matthias. According to the Bible, after the death of Jesus, the remaining 11 apostles chose Matthias to replace Judas, who had betrayed Jesus and later died. This was done to ensure that there were always 12 apostles, as Jesus had originally chosen 12 to be his closest followers. The selection of Matthias was done through a process of prayer and casting of lots, and he became the 12th apostle.

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Cheerfulness is not listed as one of the fruits of the Spirit in Galatians. The fruits of the Spirit are described in Galatians 5:22-23 as "love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, and self-control". Cheerfulness is a positive quality, but it is not specifically listed as one of the fruits of the Spirit in this passage.

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God told Moses to tell the Israelites that if they obey His voice and keep His commandments, they will be a special treasure to Him above all people because all the earth is His. This message emphasizes the importance of obedience to God's commands as a means of earning God's favor and blessings. It also highlights the idea that everything in the world belongs to God, and obedience to His commands is the key to being in a right relationship with Him.

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"After this the Lord appointed seventy-two others and sent them two by two ahead of him to every town and place where he was about to go. He told them, "The harvest is plentiful, but the workers are few. Ask the Lord of the harvest, therefore, to send out workers into his harvest field. Go! I am sending you out like lambs among wolves. Do not take a purse or bag or sandals; and do not greet anyone on the road." (Luke 10:1-4)

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The Last Supper took place during the Passover, which is a Jewish holiday. During the Passover, Jews abstain from eating leavened bread and instead eat unleavened bread, known as matzah, to commemorate the haste in which the Israelites left Egypt. So, the Last Supper took place during the Passover, specifically on the first day of unleavened bread.

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In order to see Jesus, Zacchaeus climbed up into a sycamore tree. Zacchaeus was a short man who wanted to see Jesus, but he could not because the crowd was so large, and he could not see over them. So, he ran ahead of the crowd and climbed up into a sycamore tree so that he could get a better view of Jesus as He passed by. Jesus noticed Zacchaeus up in the tree and called him by name, inviting himself to his house. Zacchaeus was overjoyed and welcomed Jesus into his home. This encounter led to Zacchaeus repenting of his sins and giving back what he had stolen from others, as he realized that Jesus had come to seek and save the lost.

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Ananias and Sapphira were punished by God for lying to the Holy Spirit. According to the Bible, they sold a piece of land but kept some of the profits for themselves, while pretending to have given the full amount to the apostles. When confronted by Peter about their deception, they both fell down and died on the spot. This incident serves as a warning to believers about the seriousness of lying and the importance of being honest in all their dealings.

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In Thessalonians, Paul advises believers awaiting the coming of the Lord to put on the "breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet the hope of salvation" (1 Thessalonians 5:8). This metaphorical language of putting on armor is used to emphasize the importance of being spiritually prepared for the coming of the Lord. The "breastplate of faith and love" refers to the need for believers to have a strong and unshakeable faith in God's promises and to live a life of love towards others. The "helmet of the hope of salvation" emphasizes the importance of having a confident expectation that Jesus will return and save believers from sin and death, and the need to keep that hope at the forefront of their minds as they live out their faith. In simpler terms, Paul is saying that as believers, we need to have strong faith and love, and confidently hope for the salvation that Jesus will bring when he returns. These spiritual qualities will protect us and keep us prepared for the coming of the Lord.

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According to the Bible, God placed the tree of knowledge of good and evil in the Garden of Eden to give Adam and Eve a choice to obey Him or disobey Him. It was a test of their obedience and love for God. God gave them free will to choose, but He also warned them of the consequences of eating from the tree. By eating the fruit, Adam and Eve disobeyed God and brought sin into the world, leading to their expulsion from the Garden of Eden. The tree was not there for its beneficial fibre or sweet fruit, but as a symbol of the choice that God gave to humans and the importance of obedience to God. It did not reveal their nakedness; that was a result of their disobedience and shame.

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In order that Benjamin might be brought to Egypt, Joseph detained Simeon. Joseph was a high-ranking official in Egypt and had become separated from his family when he was sold into slavery. He later rose to a powerful position in Egypt and his brothers came to him seeking food during a famine. Joseph, wanting to test his brothers, asked them to bring their youngest brother Benjamin to Egypt. However, the brothers were reluctant to do so, so Joseph detained Simeon until they returned with Benjamin to prove their sincerity.

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1peter 4:10
Now in this verse, Peter says we should take a very different view from others in the world about anything we might call "ours." First, he implies that we must see whatever we have as a gift from God. After all, we have nothing which God has not given to us (James 1:17). Second, we should see whatever we have been given as an opportunity to serve other Christians. In other words, we should not view anything which is "ours" as off-limits for use in serving other believers. 

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Then they led Jesus from the house of Ca′iaphas to the praetorium. It was early. They themselves did not enter the praetorium, so that they might not be defiled, but might eat the passover. (john 18:28)

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On the fourth day of creation, according to the account in the Bible, God created the sun, moon and stars, which are known as "the two great lights". These lights were created to give light to the earth and to be used for signs, seasons, days, and years.

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The moral of the story is that you should put aside your differences and help those who are in need of help. The Samaritan did not think about the race or the religion of the man; he just saw a man who needed help.

The main point of the parable is to love at your neighbor and kind at them.

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In the letter to the Galatians, Christians are encouraged to bear one another's burden in order to fulfill the law of Christ. This means that by helping each other and sharing each other's burdens, Christians are following the example set by Jesus Christ, who taught his followers to love one another as he loved them. By fulfilling the law of Christ in this way, Christians demonstrate their commitment to living a life of love and compassion, which is central to their faith.

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King Saul promised to give his daughter in marriage to the person who could face and defeat Goliath. This means that whoever defeated Goliath would have the privilege of marrying King Saul's daughter as a reward for their bravery and skill.

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Romans 12 vs 8……..he who exhorts, in exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness

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Mark 9:29
Jesus replied, “This kind can be cast out only by prayer.”

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John 18:28 Then they brought Jesus from Caiaphas to the Roman governor’s residence. (Now it was very early morning.) They did not go into the governor’s residence so they would not be ceremonially defiled, but could eat the Passover meal.

29 So Pilate came outside to them and said, “What accusation do you bring against this man?”

30 They replied, “If this man were not a criminal, we would not have handed him over to you.”

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Ish-bosheth – II Sam 2:8-11……………Ish-bosheth was the son of Saul. He was crowned King after his Father’s death.

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The four people that left Ur of the Chaldeans for Canaan were Terah, Abram, Lot, and Sarai. Terah was the father of Abram, and they lived in the city of Ur. God told Abram to leave his home and go to a new land that God would show him. So, Abram, along with his wife Sarai, his nephew Lot, and his father Terah, left Ur and journeyed to Canaan. However, they stopped in the city of Haran for a while before finally reaching Canaan.

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Prophet Isaiah saw the Lord of hosts in the Temple and was filled with a sense of awe and reverence. He realized the holiness and greatness of God, and felt a deep sense of unworthiness and sinfulness in comparison. As a result, he condemned himself and his people for their sins and called for repentance. This experience deeply impacted Isaiah and served as a turning point in his prophetic ministry, inspiring him to speak out against the sins of his people and call them to turn back to God.

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The disciples were first called Christians in Antioch. Antioch was a city in ancient Greece and was one of the earliest centers of Christianity. The term "Christian" was used for the first time in Antioch to describe the followers of Jesus Christ, who were known for their faith in him and the way they lived their lives. This name was given to them by the non-Christians in Antioch, who observed the behavior and teachings of the disciples and recognized them as distinct from other groups.

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Abraham is portrayed in the Bible as "the father of the faithful." This is because he is considered to be the first person in the Bible to have faith in God and to be credited with righteousness because of his faith. He is seen as an example of someone who obeyed God's call and trusted in His promises, even though he did not always understand what God was doing. Abraham is also remembered as the patriarch of the Israelite people, as he is said to be the ancestor of the twelve tribes of Israel. He is revered as an important figure in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam, and his story is told in the book of Genesis in the Old Testament of the Bible. While Abraham is an important figure in the Bible, he is not described as "the giver of the law," "the mighty prophet of Jehovah," or "the lion of Judah." These titles are given to other figures in the Bible, such as Moses, Elijah, and Jesus, respectively.

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According to Paul in his letter to Philemon, forgiveness should not be by compulsion but by free will. In other words, Paul is saying that forgiveness should come from a person's own choice and decision, rather than being forced or required. This idea of forgiveness being a voluntary act aligns with the teachings of grace, which emphasizes that forgiveness and salvation are gifts freely given by God, rather than earned through works or coercion.

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2 samual 12:18 
He may do himself some harm.

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God commanded man to eat of every tree of the garden but not of the tree of knowledge of good and evil because of His Lordship and authority over man. In the book of Genesis in the Bible, God created the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, and placed them in the Garden of Eden. God gave them every tree in the garden for food, except for the tree of the knowledge of good and evil. God's command was not due to a lack of love, sympathy, or understanding of the nature of man. Rather, it was a test of Adam and Eve's obedience to God's authority as their Creator and Lord. By forbidding them to eat from the tree, God was setting a clear boundary and demonstrating His authority over them. It was an act of love in that it allowed them to exercise their free will and choose to obey God, showing their trust and love for Him in return. However, as we know from the story, Adam and Eve disobeyed God by eating from the tree, leading to their expulsion from the Garden of Eden and the introduction of sin into the world. The story teaches us about the importance of obedience to God's authority and the consequences of disobedience, but also about God's love and mercy in providing a way for us to be reconciled to Him through Jesus Christ.

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Luke 5:1-8
6 When they had done so, they caught such a large number of fish that their nets began to break.
7 So they signaled their partners in the other boat to come and help them, and they came and filled both boats so full that they began to sink.
8 When Simon Peter saw this, he fell at Jesus' knees and said, "Go away from me, Lord; I am a sinful man!"