Excretion
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Welcome to the course material on Excretion in Biology. Excretion is a vital process in living organisms that involves the removal of waste products and excess materials to maintain homeostasis within the body. The significance of excretion lies in the elimination of harmful substances such as metabolic wastes, which if allowed to accumulate, can disrupt cellular functions and overall health.
When we delve into the types of excretory structures, we encounter various mechanisms organisms employ to rid themselves of waste. These structures include the contractile vacuole, flame cell, nephridium, Malpighian tubule, kidney, stoma, and lenticel. Each of these structures is uniquely adapted to perform specific excretory functions and maintain osmotic balance within the organism.
The kidneys play a crucial role in excretion and osmoregulation in vertebrates. These bean-shaped organs filter blood, reabsorb essential substances, and excrete waste products in the form of urine. The intricate structure of the kidneys, including nephrons and renal tubules, enables them to regulate the body's fluid and electrolyte balance effectively.
Furthermore, lungs and skin also contribute to excretion in organisms. Lungs eliminate carbon dioxide, a byproduct of cellular respiration, during exhalation. The skin, through sweat glands, excretes water, salts, and small amounts of urea. Understanding the functions of these excretory organs provides insight into how organisms maintain internal balance by removing waste products.
Shifting our focus to plants, excretory products play a significant role in their physiology. Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis, a byproduct that is essential for the survival of many organisms. Additionally, plants secrete tannins, resins, gums, mucilage, and alkaloids, which serve diverse functions such as defense mechanisms, attracting pollinators, and promoting growth.
In conclusion, the study of excretion unveils the intricate mechanisms organisms employ to eliminate waste products and maintain internal balance. By exploring the structures, functions, and economic importance of excretory products, we gain a deeper understanding of the fundamental processes that sustain life across various biological systems.
Ebumnobi
- Understand the meaning and significance of excretion
- Explore the economic importance of excretory products in plants
- Analyze the functions and excretory products of the lungs and skin
- Relate the characteristics of excretory structures to their functions
Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ
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Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.
Ayẹwo Ẹkọ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Excretion. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Which of the following excretory structures is found in organisms such as Amoeba and Paramecium? A. Kidney B. Nephridium C. Contractile vacuole D. Malpighian tubule Answer: C. Contractile vacuole
- Which excretory mechanism is responsible for eliminating carbon dioxide from the body? A. Kidneys B. Lungs C. Liver D. Skin Answer: B. Lungs
- The excretory product mainly eliminated through the skin in humans is: A. Urea B. Carbon dioxide C. Salt D. Water Answer: B. Carbon dioxide
- Which of the following excretory structures is most commonly found in insects and arachnids? A. Flame cell B. Nephridium C. Malpighian tubule D. Kidney Answer: C. Malpighian tubule
- The main excretory product of plants during photosynthesis is: A. Glucose B. Oxygen C. Water D. Carbon dioxide Answer: D. Carbon dioxide
- Which excretory organ is responsible for the regulation of electrolytes and fluid balance in the body? A. Lungs B. Skin C. Kidneys D. Liver Answer: C. Kidneys
- Which excretory product is responsible for the bitterness of certain plants and acts as a deterrent to herbivores? A. Oxygen B. Tannins C. Mucilage D. Resins Answer: B. Tannins
- The process of eliminating metabolic waste products in the form of sweat is primarily carried out by which excretory structure? A. Lungs B. Kidneys C. Skin D. Liver Answer: C. Skin
- Which of the following excretory products of plants is involved in defense mechanisms against herbivores and pathogens? A. Oxygen B. Carbon dioxide C. Alkaloids D. Gums Answer: C. Alkaloids
- The excretory organ responsible for the removal of nitrogenous waste in humans is: A. Lungs B. Liver C. Kidneys D. Skin Answer: C. Kidneys
Yi rajista ka ci gaba
Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.
Yi rajista ka ci gaba
Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.
Àwọn Ìwé Tó Dáa Láti Kà
Àwọn Ìbéèrè Tó Ti Kọjá
Nna, you dey wonder how past questions for this topic be? Here be some questions about Excretion from previous years.
Ajụjụ 1 Ripọtì
The diagram above is an illustration of the longitudinal section of a mammalian organ. Study it and answer this question.
What is the main function of the organ?
Yi rajista ka ci gaba
Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.
Yi rajista ka ci gaba
Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.
Yi rajista ka ci gaba
Kpọpụta akaụntụ n’efu ka ị nweta ohere na ihe ọmụmụ niile, ajụjụ omume, ma soro mmepe gị.