JAMB UTME - History - 2022

The first coup in Nigeria was led by

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The first coup in Nigeria was led by a group of military officers, with Major Chukwuma Nzeogu as the most prominent among them. The coup took place on January 15, 1966, and overthrew the democratically elected government of Prime Minister Abubakar Tafawa Balewa. The coup was largely driven by a desire among some military officers to end corruption, tribalism, and political instability in Nigeria. The coup was also motivated by a sense of dissatisfaction among some younger officers who felt that their senior colleagues were blocking their opportunities for advancement. After the coup, Major Nzeogu declared a new government, the National Council of Nigeria and the Cameroons (NCNC), and installed General Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi as the new Head of State. However, the Ironsi-led government was short-lived, as it was overthrown in a counter-coup on July 29, 1966, led by northern officers who were unhappy with the dominance of the Igbo ethnic group in the military and the government. The first coup in Nigeria had significant and long-lasting implications for the country, including several years of military rule, ethnic tensions, and a series of further coups and counter-coups that destabilized the country's politics for decades.

Nigeria joined UNO as the ___ member.

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Clothe dyeing started in what part of Nigeria?

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Nigeria's vice president in the second republic was

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The vice president of Nigeria in the Second Republic (1979-1983) was Dr. Alex Ekwueme. Following the 1979 general election, Alhaji Shehu Shagari emerged as the president of Nigeria, and he appointed Dr. Alex Ekwueme, a prominent Nigerian politician and architect, as his vice president. Ekwueme, who was a member of the National Party of Nigeria (NPN), was widely regarded as a competent and experienced leader who could assist Shagari in governing the country. During his tenure as vice president, Ekwueme played a key role in promoting the development of Nigeria's infrastructure, including the construction of new airports, highways, and public buildings. He was also an advocate for social justice and human rights, and he worked to promote democracy and the rule of law in Nigeria. However, the Second Republic was short-lived, as it was marred by political instability, economic recession, and widespread corruption. In December 1983, the military overthrew the Shagari-led government and took control of Nigeria. In summary, the vice president of Nigeria in the Second Republic (1979-1983) was Dr. Alex Ekwueme, a prominent politician and architect who played a significant role in the development and governance of the country during that period.

In what year was the Oil River protectorate established?

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The Oil River Protectorate was established in the year 1885. It was a British colonial administration that controlled the area around the Niger Delta in what is now Nigeria. The protectorate was established to control trade and protect British commercial interests in the region, including the export of palm oil. The name "Oil River" was given because the Niger Delta region was known for its abundant oil palm trees, which were a valuable resource at the time. Therefore, the correct answer is 1885.

In what century did the Trans-Saharan trade start?

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The Trans-Saharan trade started in the 8th century. The trade involved the exchange of goods between West and North Africa, passing through the Sahara desert. Goods such as gold, ivory, salt, and slaves were traded along the routes. The trade was made possible by the domestication of camels, which made it easier to transport goods across the vast expanse of the Sahara desert. The trade routes stretched from the southern edge of the Sahara to the Mediterranean coast of North Africa and beyond. The trade was an important source of wealth and cultural exchange for the people of West and North Africa. It also helped to spread Islam across the region, as Muslim merchants and scholars travelled along the trade routes. In summary, the Trans-Saharan trade started in the 8th century, and it played a significant role in the economic and cultural development of West and North Africa.

Who was known as the Napoleon of West Africa?

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The person known as the "Napoleon of West Africa" was Samori Toure. He was a military leader and founder of the Wassoulou Empire, which covered parts of modern-day Guinea, Mali, Ivory Coast, and Senegal. Toure was known for his military strategy, which allowed him to resist French colonial expansion in the late 19th century. He established a strong centralized government and a professional army, which were equipped with modern weapons and trained in modern tactics. Toure's military campaigns were characterized by his ability to mobilize large numbers of troops and to adapt to changing circumstances. He used a combination of guerrilla tactics, fortifications, and traditional warfare to defeat his enemies. Despite his military success, Toure was eventually captured by the French in 1898 and exiled to Gabon, where he died in 1900. His legacy, however, lived on, and he is still remembered today as one of the greatest military leaders in West African history.

The equivalent of the Aare- ona kankanfo of the Yoruba pre-colonial system in the Hausa/Fulani pre-colonial system is the

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Who is the father of nationalism in Nigeria?

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Herbert Macaulay is widely regarded as the father of nationalism in Nigeria. He was a political activist and one of the founding fathers of Nigerian nationalism, who played a key role in the struggle for Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule. Macaulay was a strong advocate for self-rule and a believer in the idea that Nigeria should be governed by Nigerians. He founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923, which became the first political party in Nigeria. The party's aim was to promote the interest of the Nigerian people and to agitate for self-rule. Macaulay was also a prolific writer and used his newspaper, the Lagos Daily News, as a platform to advocate for Nigerian self-rule. He was imprisoned several times for his political activities and suffered various forms of persecution at the hands of the colonial authorities. Macaulay's tireless efforts paved the way for subsequent nationalists such as Nnamdi Azikiwe and Obafemi Awolowo, who continued the struggle for Nigeria's independence. Thus, while others also played important roles in Nigeria's nationalist movement, it is generally agreed that Herbert Macaulay was the pioneer and father of Nigerian nationalism.

Nnamdi Azikiwe's West African Pilot was established in what year?

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Nnamdi Azikiwe's West African Pilot was established in 1937. Nnamdi Azikiwe was a Nigerian statesman and journalist who played a leading role in the country's fight for independence from British colonial rule. In 1937, he established a newspaper called the West African Pilot, which became one of the leading newspapers in Nigeria and was used as a platform to advocate for independence and social and political change. The newspaper was an important source of information and analysis for people in Nigeria and West Africa, and helped to shape public opinion on a range of important issues.

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Christianity started in Sierra Leone in the late 1700s, with the arrival of Christian missionaries and European traders. It's believed that the first Christian missionaries arrived in Sierra Leone in the 1790s. Since then, Christianity has become one of the dominant religions in the country, with a significant portion of the population identifying as Christian.

In what year did Britain invade Egypt?

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Britain invaded Egypt in 1882. In that year, Britain sent troops to Egypt to protect its economic interests and to secure control over the Suez Canal, a critical waterway that connected the Red Sea to the Mediterranean. The invasion was part of a larger effort by Britain to maintain its dominance in the region and to counteract the growing influence of other European powers.

The Ekumeku movement started from Anioma which is part of present day ________.

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The Ekumeku movement began in Anioma, which is part of present-day Delta State in Nigeria. Anioma is a region that is predominantly inhabited by the Igbo ethnic group, and it is located in the southern part of Nigeria. The Ekumeku movement was a resistance movement that emerged in the late 19th century against British colonial rule in Nigeria. The movement was characterized by guerrilla warfare tactics and was made up of people from different ethnic groups in the region, including the Igbo and Urhobo. Its main aim was to resist the imposition of colonial rule and preserve the independence and sovereignty of the region. The Ekumeku movement played a significant role in shaping the history and culture of the Anioma region and has become a symbol of resistance against oppression and colonialism in Nigeria.

Who is regarded the father of modern Egypt?

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The father of modern Egypt is often regarded as Mohammad Ali, who was an Ottoman military commander and the ruler of Egypt from 1805 to 1848. He is known for his efforts to modernize Egypt by introducing various reforms and innovations in areas such as education, agriculture, and military technology. Some of his achievements include the establishment of a modern army, the founding of the first Egyptian university, and the construction of various public works such as canals and bridges. He also introduced a number of social reforms, including the abolition of slavery and the promotion of women's rights. Mohammad Ali's legacy as the father of modern Egypt is a testament to his vision and leadership in transforming Egypt into a more modern and progressive society.

Before the Macpherson's constitution of 1951, the North was governed by

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Before the Macpherson's constitution of 1951, the North was governed by Emirs. Emirs were traditional rulers who held considerable power and influence over their respective regions in the North. They governed their territories through a system of local administration known as the Emirate system, which had been in place for centuries before the arrival of colonialism. The Emirs had their own court system, which operated independently of the British colonial administration, and they also played a key role in the collection of taxes and maintenance of law and order in their domains. The Emirate system was largely responsible for the maintenance of peace and stability in the North prior to the adoption of the Macpherson's constitution.

Nigeria practised the Westminster system of government between

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Nigeria practised the Westminster system of government between 1960 and 1966. The Westminster system is a democratic system of government that originated in the United Kingdom and is characterized by having a parliamentary system, where the executive branch (the Prime Minister and Cabinet) is accountable to the legislative branch (the Parliament). Nigeria gained independence from British colonial rule in 1960 and adopted the Westminster system of government, with a Prime Minister as the head of government and a ceremonial President as the head of state. However, Nigeria's experience with the Westminster system was short-lived. In 1966, the government was overthrown in a military coup and the country was ruled by a series of military dictatorships for several decades. Therefore, Nigeria practiced the Westminster system of government for only six years, from 1960 to 1966.

The indigenous pre-colonial Nigerian economy consisted of the following except

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The indigenous pre-colonial Nigerian economy did not include oil mining. Prior to the arrival of Europeans, Nigeria had a thriving economy that was largely based on agriculture, crafts, and local industries. Agriculture was the backbone of the economy, with farmers producing a wide variety of crops such as yams, cassava, and maize. Craftsmanship was also an important part of the economy, with skilled artisans producing a range of goods such as textiles, pottery, and metalwork. Additionally, local industries such as mining and trade played a significant role in the economy, with people extracting minerals like tin and selling them in local and regional markets. Oil mining only became a major part of the Nigerian economy in the 20th century, following the discovery of oil reserves.

Who founded itsekiri kingdom?

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Who was appointed by the federal government of Nigeria as the administrator of Western Region in 1962?

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Dr M.A Majekodunmi was appointed by the federal government of Nigeria as the administrator of Western Region in 1962. Following a political crisis in the Western Region, the federal government declared a state of emergency in the region and appointed Dr Majekodunmi to administer the region as its sole administrator. His primary task was to restore law and order in the region, which had been plagued by political violence and instability. During his tenure, Dr Majekodunmi worked to promote peace and reconciliation between the political factions in the region. He also implemented a number of development projects, including the construction of new schools, hospitals, and roads. Overall, Dr Majekodunmi's administration of the Western Region was seen as largely successful, as he was able to restore order and stability to the region and promote development.

Emperor Menelik II defeated Italian troops in the battle of

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The correct answer is "Adwa". Emperor Menelik II defeated Italian troops in the Battle of Adwa on March 1, 1896. The battle was fought between the Ethiopian Empire and the Kingdom of Italy, who sought to establish and expand their colonial presence in Ethiopia. Menelik II led the Ethiopian forces to a decisive victory, marking the first time in history that an African army had defeated a European colonial power. The victory of the Ethiopians at Adwa is considered a symbol of African resistance to European imperialism and is celebrated as a national holiday in Ethiopia.

Islam came to Nigeria in the ______ century.

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The first British consul in Nigeria was

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The first British consul in Nigeria was John Beecroft. He was appointed as the British consul in what was then known as the Bights of Benin and Biafra in 1849. Beecroft was tasked with promoting British trade in the region, as well as suppressing the slave trade, which was still prevalent at the time. He established good relations with the local rulers and was able to negotiate treaties with them that enabled the British to establish trading posts and factories. Beecroft's work paved the way for the later British colonial administration in Nigeria, which ultimately led to Nigeria's independence in 1960.

The sokoto jihad began in what year

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The Sokoto Jihad began in the year 1804. This was a religious and political movement led by Usman dan Fodio, a Fulani Islamic scholar and preacher in what is now northern Nigeria. The aim of the movement was to establish a caliphate based on Islamic law, and to overthrow the existing rulers who were seen as corrupt and unjust. The jihad was successful, and the Sokoto Caliphate was established in 1809, with Usman dan Fodio as the first caliph. The Sokoto Caliphate continued to exist until it was abolished by the British colonial authorities in 1903.

The Northern region of Nigeria gained self-government in ____.

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Kastina and Akwa-Ibom were created in September, _____.

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Kastina and Akwa-Ibom was created on September 23, 1987, by the administration of General Ibrahim Babangida. The creation of Kastina and Akwa-Ibom states was part of a nationwide effort to decentralize power and bring governance closer to the people.

The creation of these states brought the total number of states in Nigeria to 21. In summary, Kastina and Akwa-Ibom are states in Nigeria that were created on September 23, 1987, by the administration of General Ibrahim Babangida. The creation of these states was part of a nationwide effort to decentralize power and bring governance closer to the people.

The United Nations was created as a result of the failure of the ________

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The United Nations was created as a result of the failure of the League of Nations. The League of Nations was an international organization established after World War I with the aim of promoting international cooperation and preventing future conflicts. However, it failed to prevent the outbreak of World War II and was dissolved in 1946. In response to the failure of the League of Nations and the devastation of World War II, the United Nations was established in 1945. The United Nations is an intergovernmental organization that aims to promote international cooperation and resolve conflicts peacefully. It has since grown to become a key global institution, with 193 member states and a wide range of programs and initiatives focused on issues such as peace and security, human rights, and sustainable development.

How many geo-political zones are there in Nigeria?

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There are 6 geopolitical zones in Nigeria. These zones were created during the regime of General Sani Abacha in 1994 in an effort to promote unity and cooperation among the various ethnic groups in Nigeria. Each geopolitical zone is made up of several states, with the zones being named after the dominant ethnic group in the area. The six geopolitical zones in Nigeria are: 1. North-West Zone 2. North-East Zone 3. North-Central Zone 4. South-West Zone 5. South-East Zone 6. South-South Zone The North-West Zone is made up of seven states, including Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Sokoto, and Zamfara. The North-East Zone is made up of six states, including Adamawa, Bauchi, Borno, Gombe, Taraba, and Yobe. The North-Central Zone is made up of six states, including Benue, Kogi, Kwara, Nasarawa, Niger, and Plateau. The South-West Zone is made up of six states, including Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, and Oyo. The South-East Zone is made up of five states, including Abia, Anambra, Ebonyi, Enugu, and Imo. The South-South Zone is made up of six states, including Akwa Ibom, Bayelsa, Cross River, Delta, Edo, and Rivers. In summary, there are six geopolitical zones in Nigeria, each made up of several states, and these zones were created in 1994 to promote unity and cooperation among the various ethnic groups in Nigeria.

Which of these was not an effect of the Great Trek?

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The option that was not an effect of the Great Trek is "It reduced trade between black and white groups." The Great Trek was a mass migration of Boer settlers in the 1830s from the British Cape Colony in present-day South Africa to the interior in search of land, independence, and to escape British rule. The effects of the Great Trek included: - Afrikaners remained politically divided for many years: The trek resulted in the fragmentation of the Afrikaner community into smaller groups, each with their own leaders and agendas, making it harder for them to unite politically. - The Trek resulted in the cultural and economic isolation of the Boers: The Boers established their own independent republics, which were culturally and economically isolated from the British Cape Colony and indigenous African societies. - The Great Trek led directly to the founding of several autonomous Boer republics: The Boers established several independent republics, including the Orange Free State and the South African Republic (Transvaal), which were recognized by the British as sovereign states. Therefore, the correct option is "It reduced trade between black and white groups," as the Great Trek was not directly associated with reducing trade between black and white groups. However, the cultural and economic isolation of the Boers resulted in limited interaction and trade between the Boers and indigenous African societies, which could have indirectly affected trade between black and white groups.

The Berlin conference on the partitioning of Africa was held in _______.

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The Berlin conference on the partitioning of Africa was held in 1884/1885. The conference was organized by the German Chancellor, Otto von Bismarck, and attended by representatives from 14 European countries, as well as the United States. The primary goal of the conference was to divide and colonize the African continent among European powers, without regard for the rights and needs of the African peoples. The conference formalized the "Scramble for Africa," which resulted in the colonization of almost the entire African continent by European powers.

Nigeria joined the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in__________

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Nigeria joined the Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1971. OPEC is a group of oil-producing countries that work together to manage the supply and price of oil. By joining OPEC, Nigeria became a part of this group and agreed to coordinate with other member countries to help regulate the oil market. This means that Nigeria would limit its own oil production to support the stability of oil prices globally. Joining OPEC was an important decision for Nigeria, as the country is one of the largest oil-producing nations in the world and oil exports play a significant role in its economy. By being a part of OPEC, Nigeria has a voice in the global oil market and can work to protect its own interests and those of other oil-producing countries.

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ECOWAS, which stands for the Economic Community of West African States, was established in the year 1975. It is a regional organization comprising of 15 member countries located in West Africa, with the aim of promoting economic cooperation and integration among its members. The founding members of ECOWAS were Benin, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, and Burkina Faso. Since its establishment, ECOWAS has been involved in a variety of activities including the promotion of free trade, the establishment of a common market, and the development of infrastructure to facilitate regional integration.

The __________ constitution introduced federalism in Nigeria.

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Which constitution laid the foundation for the establishment of political parties in Nigeria?

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The _____ conference of 1950 discussed the provisions of the Macpherson's constitution.

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The Kanem–Bornu Empire existed in areas which are now part of the following countries except

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The Kanem–Bornu Empire existed in areas which are now part of Chad and the Central African Republic. It did not exist in Togo. The Kanem–Bornu Empire was a state located in the region of Lake Chad, in what is now Chad and the Central African Republic. It was one of the largest and most powerful empires in West Africa, and it dominated the region for several centuries. The empire was centered around the city of N'Djamena, which was once the capital of the empire, and its sphere of influence extended over a large area of the region.

NYM(Nigerian Youth Movement) evolved from _____.

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NYM (Nigerian Youth Movement) evolved from LYM (Lagos Youth Movement). The LYM was formed in 1931 in Lagos by a group of educated young Nigerians who were concerned about the political and social situation in Nigeria under British colonial rule. The LYM aimed to mobilize and empower young Nigerians to participate in the political process and to fight for the rights and interests of Nigerians. In 1934, the LYM was renamed the Nigerian Youth Movement (NYM) and expanded its membership and activities beyond Lagos to other parts of Nigeria. The NYM became a leading nationalist organization in Nigeria, advocating for greater political representation and self-determination for Nigerians. Therefore, the answer is LYM (Lagos Youth Movement).

The Nigerian civil war lasted _____ months.

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The Nigerian civil war, also known as the Biafran war, lasted for 30 months. The war was fought between the government of Nigeria and the secessionist state of Biafra, which was located in the southeast of Nigeria. The war began on July 6, 1967, when Biafra declared its independence from Nigeria, and it ended on January 15, 1970, when Biafran forces surrendered to the Nigerian government. The war was a result of ethnic tensions and political disagreements between the Igbo people, who dominated the southeast, and other ethnic groups in Nigeria. The conflict was characterized by a blockade of Biafra, which caused widespread famine and led to the deaths of many people. Therefore, out of the options given, the correct answer is "30."

The Trans-Atlantic slave trade was abolished in Britain in what year?

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The Trans-Atlantic slave trade was abolished in Britain in 1807. The Trans-Atlantic slave trade involved the forced transportation of enslaved Africans from their homes in West and Central Africa to the Americas, Europe, and other parts of the world. It was a brutal system that resulted in the deaths of millions of Africans and the enrichment of European and American slave traders and plantation owners. The abolition of the slave trade in Britain was the result of decades of activism and advocacy by abolitionists, who campaigned against the inhumanity of the slave trade and the slave system. In 1807, the British Parliament passed the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act, which made it illegal to trade in slaves within the British Empire. However, it did not abolish slavery itself, and the practice of owning slaves continued in the British colonies until 1833, when the Slavery Abolition Act was passed. The abolition of the slave trade in Britain was a significant moment in the history of the struggle for human rights and the fight against the dehumanization of people based on their race. It was also an important step in the long and ongoing process of addressing the legacies of slavery and racism in the world today.

Who brought Christianity to Liberia?

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Christianity was brought to Liberia primarily by freed American slaves. In the early 1800s, the American Colonization Society established Liberia as a colony for freed slaves from the United States. Many of these settlers were already Christians, and they brought their faith with them to Liberia. The first formal Christian mission in Liberia was established in 1821 by the Methodist Episcopal Church, with other Protestant denominations following in the years that followed. While there were some British consuls and freed British slaves who settled in Liberia, they did not have the same significant impact on the spread of Christianity in the country as the freed American slaves did.

Who was the first state president of the republic of South Africa?

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The first state president of the Republic of South Africa was Charles Robberts Swart. He served as state president from 1961 to 1967. Prior to becoming state president, Swart was a judge and politician who played a significant role in the establishment of the Republic of South Africa. As state president, Swart held a mostly ceremonial role, representing the country domestically and internationally. His main responsibilities included signing legislation into law, appointing judges and other officials, and receiving foreign dignitaries.