JAMB UTME - Chemistry - 1978

Energy Changes

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Question 2 Report

In titration involving sodium hydroxide and dilute hydrochloric acid, where would you place the base?

in the beaker

in the conical flask Correct answer

in a burette

in the standard flask

in the measuring cylinder

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 3 Report

When heat is absorbed during a chemical reaction, the reaction is said to be

thermodynamic

exothermic

isothermal

endothermic Correct answer

thermostatic

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 4 Report

The reaction between an organic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst is known as;

saponification

dehydration

esterification Correct answer

hydrolysis

hydration

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 5 Report

In the reaction between sodium hydroxide and sulphuric acid solutions, what volume of 0.5 molar sodium hydroxide would exactly neutralise 10cm3 of 1.25 molar sulphuric acid?

5cm³

10cm³

20cm³

25cm³

50cm³ Correct answer

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Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 6 Report

By means of filtration, one component can be obtained pure from an aqueous mixture of sodium chloride and

potassium nitrate

sand Correct answer

lead nitrate

sugar (glucose)

starch

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Question 7 Report

A small quantity of solid ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) was heated gently in a test tube, the solid gradually disappears to produce two gases. Later, a white cloudy deposit was observed on the cooler part of the test tube. The ammonium chloride is said to have undergone

distillation

sublimation

precipitation

evaporation

decomposition Correct answer

Answer Details

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Question 8 Report

Three solutions contain carbonate, sulphate and sulphide ions respectively. One test that will identify just ONE of them completely is by addition to each of them of

barium chloride solution

dilute hydrochloric acide

lead nitrate solution Correct answer

calcium chloride solution

sodium hydroxide solution

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Question 9 Report

When ammonia and hydrogen ion bond together to form ammonium ion, the bond formed is called

ionic bond

electrovalent bond

covalent bond

co-ordinate bond Correct answer

hydrogen bond

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemical Combination (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Chemical Bonds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Structure Of The Atom (WAEC)

Chemical Combination

Chemical Bonds (Nigeria Only)

Structure Of The Atom

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Question 10 Report

The pH of four solutions W, X, Y, Z are 4, 6, 8, 10 respectively, therefore

none of these solutions is acidic

the pH of Y is made more acidic by addition of distilled water

Z is the most acidic solution

W is the most acidic solution Correct answer

X is neutral

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 11 Report

The normal boiling point of a liquid is defined as

the temperature at which its vapour pressure equals the atmospheric pressure

the temperature at which bubbles begin to form

the temperature at which the vapour pressure equals 1 temperature Correct answer

the temperature at which the rate of condensation of vapour equals the rate of vaporisation of the liquid

the temperature at which the space above the liquid is saturated

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Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 12 Report

When each of the nitrates of Potassium, Magnesium and iron is heated,

all the nitrates decompose to their oxides

the nitrate of magnesium gives the nitrite and oxygen

the nitrates of iron magnesium and iron give the oxides Correct answer

the nitrate of iron gives the nitrite and oxygen

the nitrate of the magnesium is not decomposed

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Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 13 Report

Which of the following changes is physical?

Adding iron filing to aerated water

Adding sodium metal to water

Cooling a solution of Iron (II) sulphate to obtain the hydrated salt

Cooling water to obtain ice Correct answer

Burning the domestic gas (Utilgas) for cooking

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Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on States Of Matter (WAEC)

States Of Matter

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Question 14 Report

Which of the following substances would you see as an indicator in the titration of sodium carbonate solution against hydrochloric acid (complete neutralisation)?

Litmus paper

Phenolphthalein

Methyl orange Correct answer

Universal indicator

None of these

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 15 Report

The most common type of chemical reaction which alkanes undergo is

substitution Correct answer

addition

condensation

polymerisation

double decomposition

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 16 Report

Elements P, Q, R, S have 6, 11, 15, 17 electrons respectively, therefore,

P will form an electrovalent bond with R

Q will form a covalent bond with S

R will form an electrovalent bond with S

Q will form an electrovalent bond with S Correct answer

Q will form a covalent bond with R

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 17 Report

The oxidation state of chlorine in potassium chlorate is

+5 Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 18 Report

Consider the solubility curves of three salts X, Y and Z given in the diagram. If each solution of the salt contains 200 g, and is heated to 100^oC, which solution or solutions will deposit 100 g of the solute when suddenly cooled to 0^oC?

X only

Y only

Z only

X and Z

Y and Z Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Solubility (JAMB)

Solubility

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Question 19 Report

You are provided with five gas jars containing SO₂, CO₂, H₂, CO and NO respectively. Select a test from A to E which will identify ANY ONE of the gases completely

pass each gas into lime water Correct answer

pass each gas into water and test with litmus paper

pass each gas into concentrated sulphuric acid

expose each gas to atmospheric air

expose each gas to fumes of hydrogen chloride

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 20 Report

Which of the following is not a member of the homologous series of the paraffins (alkanes)?

C₃H₈

C₅H₁₂

C₇H₁₆

C₁₅H₃₂

C₂₄H₄₈ Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 21 Report

A sample of hard water contains some calcium sulphate and calcium hydrogen carbonate. The total hardness may therefore be removed by

boiling the water

adding excess calcium hydroxide

adding a calculated amount of calcium hydroxide

adding sodium carbonate Correct answer

adding magnesium hydroxide

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Solubility (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Solubility

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Question 22 Report

When air which contains the gases Oxygen, nitrogen, carbondioxide, water vapour and the rare gases, is passed through alkaline pyrogallol and then over quicklime, the only gases left are;

nitrogen and carbondioxide

the rare gases

nitrogen and oxygen

nitrogen and the rare gases Correct answer

nitrogen, carbondioxide and the rare gases

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Read lesson note on Air (JAMB)

Air

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Question 23 Report

An element X forms the following compounds with chlorine; XCl₄, XCl₃, XCl₂. This illustrates the

law of multiple proportions Correct answer

law of chemical proportions

law of simple proportions

law of conservation of mass

law of definite proportions

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemical Combination (JAMB)

Chemical Combination

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Question 24 Report

Which of the following metals cannot replace hydrogen from water or steam?

Sodium

Magnesium

Iron

Calcium

Copper Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Non-metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Non-metals And Their Compounds

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Question 25 Report

Five compounds R,T,W,X and Y form the following compounds: a basic hydride R.H, an acidic hydride YH, atmospheric oxide W₂O₃, XO₂. which of the elements is an alkali

R Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Metals And Their Compounds

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 26 Report

Which of the following gases may not be dried with concentrated sulphuric acid?

HCl

N₂

Cl₂

SO₂

NH₃ Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 27 Report

The IUPAC names of the compounds CH3COOH and CH2=CH2 are respectively;

acetic acid and ethene Correct answer

ethanoic acid and ethene

methanoic acid and ethylene

ethanol and ethene

acetic acid and ethylene

Answer Details

The IUPAC names of the compounds CH3COOH and CH2=CH2 are respectively acetic acid and ethene. Acetic acid is a carboxylic acid with the formula CH3COOH, while ethene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon with the formula CH2=CH2. The IUPAC naming system is a set of rules used to give unique names to organic compounds based on their molecular structure. In this case, the IUPAC name of CH3COOH is derived from the parent alkane, which is methane (CH4). Replacing one hydrogen atom in methane with a methyl group (CH3) results in the parent chain for acetic acid, which is ethane (C2H6). The carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to the second carbon atom in the chain gives the compound its name, ethanoic acid. Similarly, the IUPAC name of CH2=CH2 is ethene, which is derived from the parent alkane, ethane, by removing one hydrogen atom from each of the two carbon atoms that form a double bond.

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 28 Report

Consider the following equation H₂O + 2Fe²⁺ + Cl₂ ↔ 2Fe³⁺ + 2Cl^- + H₂O. The only ion which behaves as an oxidising agent is

Fe²⁺

Cl₂ Correct answer

Fe³⁺

Cl^-

H₂O

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 29 Report

Zinc Oxide is a

Basic Oxide

Acidic Oxide

Amphoteric Oxide Correct answer

Neutral Oxide

Reactive Oxide

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 30 Report

Hypochlorous acid is used as a bleach because

it is a strong acid

it yields chlorine readily in pure water

it is an oxidising agent Correct answer

it is a weak acid

it is a reducing agent

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 31 Report

Consider the following exothermic reaction
2SO_2(g) + O_2(g) ↔ 2SO_3(g)
If the temperature of the reaction is reduced from 800°C to 500°C, an no other change takes place, then

the reaction rate increases

concentration of SO₃ decreases

concentration of SO₃ increases Correct answer

SO₂ gas becomes unreactive

O₃ gas becomes unreactive

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 32 Report

An example of an alcohol is

CCl₄

CH₃COOH

CHCl₃

C₂H₆

CH₃OH Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 33 Report

If excess zinc is added to a bluish green solution of copper (II) sulphate, and the excess zinc filtered off after completion of reaction, a colourless solution is obtained because

both zinc and copper are metals

the sulphate radical and the zinc ion are divalent

zinc is more electropositive than copper Correct answer

both zinc and copper form depositive ions in solution

zinc is a reducing agent

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Chemical Combination (JAMB)

Metals And Their Compounds

Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only)

Chemical Combination

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Question 34 Report

Brass and bronze are both metallic alloys. Which of the following constituents is common to both alloys?

Tin

Zinc

Copper Correct answer

Lead

Aluminium

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Metals And Their Compounds

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Question 35 Report

The nucleus of an atom contains

protons only

neurons only

protons and electrons

neutrons and electrons

protons and neutrons Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Structure Of The Atom (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

Structure Of The Atom (Ghana Only)

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Question 36 Report

If 30cm³ of oxygen diffuses through a porous pot in 7 seconds, how long will it take 60cm³ of chlorine to diffuse through the same pot, if the vapour densities of oxygen and chlorine are 16 and 36 respectively?

9.3 sec

14 sec

21 sec Correct answer

28 sec

30.3 sec

Answer Details

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Question 37 Report

The size (diameter) of five elements are in the order R < T < W < X < Y, Y being the largest. If each atom has an electron situated on its circumference, and neglecting other factors, which of the atoms will lose its electron most reluctantly?

R Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 38 Report

An experiment test of the Law of conservation of Mass is illustrated in the diagram. In practice, the flask is weighed before and after reaction between solutions X and Y. Which of the following pairs of solutions will be unsuitable for the experiments

X = hydrochloric acid; Y = silver nitrate

X = barium chloride; Y = dilute sulphuric acid

X = hydrochloric acid; Y = sodium hydroxide

X = hydrochloric acid; Y = lead nitrate

X = hydrochloric acid; Y = sodium carbonate Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Electrolysis (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Electrolysis

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 39 Report

Which of the following compounds will form a solution if exposed to air?

Na₂CO₃.10H₂O

NaNO₃

CuSO₄

CaCl₂ Correct answer

Na₂SO₄.10H₂O

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Solutions (WAEC)

Oxidation And Reduction

Solutions

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Question 40 Report

A gas jar was inverted over burning yellow phosphorus floating over water in a beaker. After burning, the water level was found to rise in the gas jar. The water level rises because

pressure inside the gas jar is greater than pressure outside it

the air in the gas jar had been used up by burning

oxygen in the gas jar had been used up by burning Correct answer

nitrogen in the gas jar had been used up by burning

the temperature in the jar had risen considerably

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Question 41 Report

Two gas cylinders contain ethylene (ethene) and acetylene respectively. One test which can be used to distinguish between them is by

passing each gas through bromine water

passing each gas through dilute potassium permanganate solution

passing each gas through silver nitrate solution Correct answer

treating each gas catalytically with excess hydrogen gas

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

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Question 42 Report

Which of the five atoms can be described by the following properties: Relative atomic mass is greater than 30 but less than 40, it has odd atomic number and forms a unipositive ion in solution?

Y Correct answer

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Read lesson note on Atomic Structure And Bonding (JAMB)

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Question 43 Report

If hydrogen sulphide gas is passed into a solution of a pure iron chloride, a yellow deposit appears. If the deposit is filtered, a pale green solution is left behind. The pale green solution is

dilute sulphuric acid

dilute hydrochloric acid

unreacted hydrogen sulphide in water

iron (III) chloride

Iron (II) chloride Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (JAMB)

Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 44 Report

The periodic classification of elements is an arrangement of the elements in order of their

Atomic Weights

Isotopic Weights

Molecular Weights

Atomic Numbers Correct answer

Atomic Masses

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Structure Of The Atom (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Structure Of The Atom

Periodic Chemistry (Nigeria Only)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 45 Report

When large hydrocarbon molecules are heated at high temperature in the presence of a catalyst to give smaller molecules, the process is known as

disintegration

polymerization

cracking Correct answer

degradation

distillation

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

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Question 46 Report

A solid X when heated gives off a brown gas. If X is soluble in excess sodium hydroxide solution but insoluble in excess ammonium hydroxide solution, then X is

basic lead carbonate

lead (II) nitrate Correct answer

sodium carbonate

zinc nitrate

sodium nitrate

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only) (WAEC)