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Pergunta 1 Relatório
The difference in time between two longitudes is approximately
Detalhes da Resposta
The difference in time between two longitudes is approximately 4 minutes.
To understand this, let's first understand what longitudes are. Longitudes are imaginary lines that run vertically around the Earth, from the North Pole to the South Pole. They help to identify specific locations on the Earth's surface.
Now, the Earth takes 24 hours to complete one full rotation around its axis. This rotation results in the sun appearing to rise and set in different parts of the world at different times. This is what gives us our concept of time zones.
By convention, the Earth is divided into 24 time zones, each covering approximately 15 degrees of longitude. Each time zone represents an hour of difference in time.
So, if we do the math, we can calculate that with 360 degrees (the full circumference of the Earth) divided by 24 time zones, each time zone covers 15 degrees of longitude. This means that for every 15 degrees of longitude you travel east or west, there is a time difference of about one hour.
Since each time zone represents one hour and there are 60 minutes in an hour, we can calculate that the time difference for every 1 degree of longitude is approximately 4 minutes (60 minutes divided by 15 degrees).
Therefore, the correct answer is 4 minutes
Pergunta 2 Relatório
An example of a coastline of emergence is
Detalhes da Resposta
A coastline of emergence refers to a type of coastline where the land is rising relative to the sea level. This rise in land can be caused by geological processes such as tectonic movements or isostatic rebound. One example of a coastline of emergence is a **raised beach**. A raised beach is a coastal landform that was once at sea level but has been lifted up above the current sea level. This lifting can occur due to processes like tectonic activity or changes in the Earth's crust. When the land rises, the shoreline shifts upwards, leaving behind a flat or gently sloping platform. This platform, known as a raised beach, is typically located above the reach of waves and tides. It can vary in width and elevation, extending for several kilometers inland. A raised beach often has distinctive features such as wave-cut notches, terraces, and marine deposits like shells or sediments. These features serve as evidence of its former connection to the sea. It is important to note that a raised beach is just one type of coastline of emergence. Other examples include dalmation coasts, ria coasts, and estuarine coasts. However, among the given options, a raised beach best represents a coastline of emergence.
Pergunta 3 Relatório
Which of the following is not a problem militating against political and economic integration in West Africa?
Detalhes da Resposta
Political and economic integration can be hindered by powerful colonial ties, religion and political instability but currency should not be an obstacle because there should be an established exchange rate.
Pergunta 4 Relatório
Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at
Detalhes da Resposta
Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan. Abidjan is the **largest port in West Africa** and is strategically located on the Gulf of Guinea. It has extensive infrastructure, including deep-water berths and modern cargo handling equipment, making it capable of handling large volumes of goods. Mali is a landlocked country, meaning it does not have direct access to the sea. Therefore, to export its goods, Mali needs to rely on neighboring countries with access to the sea. Abidjan, located in Ivory Coast, is the **most convenient sea port for Mali**. It is relatively close in proximity to Mali and has well-developed road and rail connections, making it an ideal choice for transporting goods from Mali to the port. Furthermore, Abidjan offers a wide range of services to facilitate trade, including customs clearance, storage facilities, and efficient cargo handling. It is also a hub for international shipping, with connections to various ports worldwide, enabling Mali to access global markets for its exports. In summary, due to its geographical proximity, well-developed infrastructure, and convenient transportation links, exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan.
Pergunta 5 Relatório
Which of the following rocks is produced by the solidification of magna within the earth crust
Detalhes da Resposta
The rock that is produced by the solidification of magma within the Earth's crust is called **plutonic rock**. Plutonic rocks are also known as intrusive rocks. Magma is molten rock that is found beneath the Earth's surface. When this magma cools down slowly, it solidifies and crystalizes within the Earth's crust, forming plutonic rocks. This slow cooling process allows for the formation of large mineral crystals within the rock. One key characteristic of plutonic rocks is that they have a coarse grain texture. This means that the mineral crystals within the rock are visible to the naked eye. Examples of plutonic rocks include granite, diorite, and gabbro. In contrast, **extrusive rocks** are formed from lava that cools quickly on the Earth's surface. When lava erupts from a volcano and cools rapidly, it forms extrusive rocks. These rocks, such as basalt and pumice, have a fine-grained texture because the fast cooling does not allow for the growth of large mineral crystals. On the other hand, **sedimentary rocks** are formed from the compaction and cementation of sediments (such as sand, silt, and clay) that have been deposited by water, wind, or ice. Sedimentary rocks, like sandstone and limestone, often contain fossils and layers. Lastly, **metamorphic rocks** are formed by the transformation of existing rocks due to high temperature and pressure deep within the Earth's crust. Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble and quartzite. To summarize, plutonic rocks are produced by the slow solidification of magma within the Earth's crust, resulting in coarse-grained rocks with visible mineral crystals.
Pergunta 6 Relatório
The most common form of migration experienced in countries of Tropical Africa is
Detalhes da Resposta
The most common form of migration experienced in countries of Tropical Africa is **rural-urban migration**. This refers to the movement of people from rural areas, such as villages and small towns, to urban areas, such as cities and towns. There are various reasons why rural-urban migration is prevalent in Tropical Africa. One of the main factors is the search for better economic opportunities. Urban areas tend to offer more job opportunities, higher wages, and better living conditions compared to rural areas. Many people from rural communities migrate to cities in hopes of finding better employment and improving their standard of living. Another important factor contributing to rural-urban migration is the availability of social amenities and services in urban areas. Cities often have better access to education, healthcare, infrastructure, and recreational facilities. People may migrate to urban centers to access these services and provide better opportunities for their families. Moreover, urban areas serve as economic and cultural hubs, attracting people from rural areas seeking to benefit from the diversity and dynamism of city life. Cities offer a wide range of social and cultural activities, entertainment options, and opportunities for networking and socializing. However, it is important to note that rural-urban migration also presents some challenges. The rapid influx of people into cities can lead to overcrowding, strain on infrastructure, and increased competition for resources and jobs. Additionally, migration can have an impact on rural communities as they may experience a loss of human capital and skills. In summary, rural-urban migration is the most common form of migration in countries of Tropical Africa due to the search for better economic opportunities, access to social amenities, and the attraction of urban culture and lifestyle. While it brings benefits to individuals and urban areas, it also poses challenges that need to be addressed for sustainable development.
Pergunta 7 Relatório
The land-use activities which can be considered responsible for soil erosion in the tropics are
Detalhes da Resposta
Industrial activities such as production, construction etc, monoculture and lumbering are responsible for erosion in the tropics
Pergunta 8 Relatório
The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except
Detalhes da Resposta
The sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa can be traced to all of the following except the concentration of industries.
1. Inter-ethnic war: Conflict between different ethnic groups can cause displacement and hinder population growth in the affected areas. It leads to a disruption in the social fabric and discourages people from settling in these regions.
2. Tsetse fly infestation: The presence of tsetse flies, which are carriers of the sleeping sickness disease, can greatly affect human habitation. These flies are notorious for their bites which can transmit the disease to humans and livestock. The presence of tsetse flies in the middle belt of West Africa makes it difficult for people to inhabit the area due to health risks.
3. Arab slave trade in the North: The Arab slave trade, which took place predominantly in North Africa, resulted in the forced migration and enslavement of many African populations. This historic slave trade did not have a direct impact on the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.
4. Concentration of industries: The concentration of industries usually leads to urbanization and increased population in certain areas. This option does not contribute to the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa.
Therefore, the correct answer is that the sparse population in the middle belt of West Africa cannot be traced to the concentration of industries.
Pergunta 9 Relatório
Which of the following stations is situated in a region of tropical monsoon climate?
Detalhes da Resposta
**Bombay (Mumbai)** is situated in a region of tropical monsoon climate. Tropical monsoon climate is characterized by high temperatures and heavy rainfall throughout the year, with distinctive wet and dry seasons. In this climate, the wet season is associated with the monsoon winds, which bring abundant rainfall. The dry season, on the other hand, is characterized by little to no rainfall. Mumbai experiences this type of climate due to its location on the western coast of India. The Arabian Sea to the west and the Western Ghats mountain range to the east influence the city's climate. The monsoon winds blow from the southwest during the wet season (June to September), bringing intense rainfall to the region. Mumbai receives a significant amount of rainfall during this period, accounting for a large portion of its annual precipitation. During the dry season (October to May), Mumbai experiences less rainfall, but the temperatures remain relatively high. The average temperature ranges from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius (77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit) throughout the year. In summary, Mumbai (Bombay) is situated in a region of tropical monsoon climate due to its location on the western coast of India, which experiences high temperatures and heavy rainfall during the wet season, and relatively lower rainfall during the dry season.
Pergunta 10 Relatório
Quartz, fieldspar and mica are three principal mineral that can easily be seen in
Detalhes da Resposta
Quartz, feldspar, and mica are three principal minerals that can easily be seen in granite. Granite is a type of igneous rock, which means it is formed from the cooling and solidification of molten magma or lava. It is composed mainly of three minerals: quartz, feldspar, and mica. - **Quartz:** Quartz is a hard and durable mineral that is commonly found in granite. It appears as small or large grains and has a glassy or translucent appearance. It comes in different colors, including clear, white, pink, and gray. - **Feldspar:** Feldspar is the most abundant mineral in granite. It is a group of minerals that have a specific crystal structure. Feldspar can be recognized by its white, pink, or gray color. It often appears as large, elongated grains in granite. - **Mica:** Mica is another mineral commonly found in granite. It has a distinct layered structure and can be easily split into thin, flexible sheets. Mica is often shiny and comes in various colors such as brown, black, or green. When you look at granite, you may see specks or grains of quartz, larger grains of feldspar, and thin layers or flakes of mica. These minerals give granite its characteristic appearance and make it a popular choice for countertops, flooring, and construction materials. It's worth noting that while quartz, feldspar, and mica are the three principal minerals in granite, other minerals may also be present in smaller amounts. However, it is the abundance of these three minerals that gives granite its distinctive texture and appearance.
Pergunta 11 Relatório
Water vapour is turned into water droplets by the process of
Detalhes da Resposta
Water vapour is turned into water droplets by the process of **condensation**. Condensation occurs when water vapor, which is in the gaseous state, comes into contact with a cool surface or cool air. When the temperature of the water vapor decreases, the water molecules slow down and move closer together. This causes the water vapor to transform into liquid water, forming water droplets. To understand this process better, think of a glass of cold water on a warm day. As the warm air comes into contact with the cold surface of the glass, the water vapor in the air loses heat energy and condenses into water droplets on the outside of the glass. This is why you observe water droplets forming on the glass. Similarly, when warm, moist air rises and comes into contact with cooler air in the atmosphere, or when it encounters cool surfaces such as windows, mirrors, or grass in the early morning, condensation occurs, and water droplets are formed. In summary, condensation is the process where water vapor changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state by cooling down, resulting in the formation of water droplets.
Pergunta 12 Relatório
The type of agriculture in which water is conserved in a year so that crops can be grown in succeeding years by ploughing, mulching or harrowing is known as
Detalhes da Resposta
The type of agriculture described here is called dry farming.
Dry farming is a method of agriculture that focuses on conserving water in areas where water supply is limited. It is commonly used in regions with arid or semi-arid climates where rainfall is scarce and unreliable.
In dry farming, the goal is to maximize the use of available moisture in the soil and minimize water loss through evaporation. This is achieved through various practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing.
Ploughing helps to break up the soil surface and create furrows or ridges, which helps to trap and retain moisture in the soil. This prevents excessive evaporation and allows the soil to hold water for a longer period of time.
Mulching involves covering the soil with a layer of organic materials such as straw, leaves, or crop residues. This helps to reduce evaporation by shading the soil surface and slows down moisture loss. Mulch also helps to improve soil structure, retain water, and suppress weed growth.
Harrowing is the process of loosening the top layer of soil after ploughing or planting. It helps to create a fine, crumbly soil structure that reduces water runoff and allows rain or irrigation water to penetrate deeper into the soil.
By practicing these techniques, dry farmers are able to conserve water and create favorable conditions for crop growth even in areas with limited rainfall. This allows them to sustain crop production in successive years without relying heavily on external sources of water.
In summary, dry farming is a method of agriculture that conserves water in arid or semi-arid regions by employing practices such as ploughing, mulching, and harrowing. These techniques help to retain moisture in the soil, reduce water loss, and enable crop production in successive years.
Pergunta 13 Relatório
One of the features of wind deposition is
Detalhes da Resposta
Inselberg is formed from the existence of extensive old plateau. It is caused as a result of weathering and remval of weathered materials
Pergunta 14 Relatório
Nigeria major export commodity is
Detalhes da Resposta
Nigeria's biggest export is crude oil, a commodity that represents over three-quaters(78.7%) of its total exported goods by value.
Pergunta 15 Relatório
The coastal regions of Sierra Leone record an annual rainfall of over
Detalhes da Resposta
Annual rainfall in Sierra Leone coastal regions is over 4,800m, which makes it the wettest country in West Africa.
Pergunta 16 Relatório
What is the temperature around an aeroplane flying at an altitude of 4000metres if the temperature on the earth's surface is 40ºc ?
Detalhes da Resposta
Lapse rate is simply described as 0.65°C per 100m of ascent or 6.5ºC per 1000m of ascent.
Therefore 4000m of ascent= 6.5ºC x 4000m/1000m=26.0ºC
Then, the temperature around the aeroplane is = 40ºC - 26ºC = 14°C
Pergunta 17 Relatório
Kossou Dam is located on river
Detalhes da Resposta
Lake Kossou is Cote d'ivores largest lake. It lies on the Bandama river in the center of the country. It is an artificial lake, created in 1973 by damming the Badama river at kossou
Pergunta 18 Relatório
Barchan dunes move
Detalhes da Resposta
A barchan is a cresentic or moon-shaped structure. A barchan is formed when an obstacle like rocks impedes or prevents the movement of wind
Pergunta 19 Relatório
A tremendous pressure or temperature change may lead to the formation of
Detalhes da Resposta
Gnesis is a metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rocks are formed from pre-existing rocks which have been changed as a result of great heat and pressure
Pergunta 20 Relatório
Which of the following is a feature of heavy industries?
Detalhes da Resposta
A feature of heavy industries is that they are capital-intensive. This means that they require a significant amount of investment in machinery, equipment, and infrastructure to operate efficiently. Unlike light industries, which typically involve smaller-scale operations, heavy industries involve large factories or plants that are designed to produce goods on a larger scale. The term "heavy" in heavy industries refers to the nature of the products being manufactured, such as machinery, steel, chemicals, and automobiles. These products often require heavy machinery and specialized equipment to produce. Due to their large-scale operations and the need for substantial capital investment, heavy industries usually have a longer payback period for their investments. Some examples of heavy industries include manufacturing plants for automobiles, oil refineries, steel mills, and chemical production facilities. These industries usually have a higher production capacity and require a significant amount of resources and manpower to operate. In summary, heavy industries are characterized by their capital-intensive nature, large-scale operations, and production of goods that require heavy machinery. These industries play a crucial role in the economy by producing essential products and contributing to employment opportunities.
Pergunta 21 Relatório
A line joining all points of equal salinity is an
Detalhes da Resposta
A line joining all points of equal salinity is called an isohaline. In simpler terms, an isohaline is a line that connects points in a body of water that have the same level of salinity or saltiness. It is similar to a contour line you might see on a map that connects points of equal elevation. Salinity refers to the amount of salt dissolved in water. Different areas of the ocean, sea, or even a lake can have varying levels of salinity. An isohaline helps us visualize these varying levels by connecting the points with the same salinity. By studying and mapping isohalines, scientists can gain valuable insights into the distribution and movement of saltwater in different bodies of water. This information is important for understanding ocean currents, marine life habitats, and even for managing freshwater resources. To summarize, an isohaline is a line that connects points with the same salinity in a body of water. It helps us understand the distribution and movement of saltwater and is valuable in various scientific studies and resource management.
Pergunta 22 Relatório
A block mountain is formed as a result of
Detalhes da Resposta
A block mountain is formed as a result of faulting, specifically a type of fault called a normal fault.
When the Earth's crust experiences stress, it can cause rocks to break along fault lines. In the case of a normal fault, the rocks on one side of the fault move downward relative to the rocks on the other side. This downward movement creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, with one side lower than the other. This step-like feature is what we call a block mountain.
As time goes on, the forces of erosion, such as wind, water, and glaciers, start to wear away at the block mountain. However, the harder and more resistant rocks that make up the mountain are less easily eroded compared to the softer surrounding rocks. This causes the block mountain to stand out even more as a prominent and elevated feature in the landscape.
So, to summarize, a block mountain is formed when the Earth's crust experiences faulting, specifically a normal fault. The downward movement of rocks on one side of the fault creates a step-like feature on the Earth's surface, which we call a block mountain. Erosion then works to shape and define the mountain's features over time.
Pergunta 23 Relatório
Jos plateau is an example of a
Detalhes da Resposta
Jos plateau is a Volcanic plateau . It possess volcanic features such as a dome, single vents and clusters of 3-4 cones aligned.
Pergunta 24 Relatório
The coastal regions of Sierra Leone record an annual rainfall of over
Detalhes da Resposta
The annual rainfall in sierra leone coastal regions is over 4,800m, which makes it the wettest country in West Africa
Pergunta 25 Relatório
The type of energy that is most environmentally friendly is
Detalhes da Resposta
The most environmentally friendly type of energy is solar energy. Solar energy refers to the energy that is derived from the sun's rays. Here's why solar energy is considered to be the most environmentally friendly option:
1. Renewable: Solar energy is a renewable source of energy. The sun is constantly shining, making solar energy an abundant and inexhaustible resource. As long as the sun exists, we will continue to have solar energy available to us.
2. Zero Emissions: Solar energy produces zero emissions during its operation. Unlike other energy sources like fossil fuels (such as coal or natural gas) that release harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases when burned, solar energy is clean and does not contribute to air pollution or climate change.
3. No Noise Pollution: Solar energy systems operate silently, unlike some other energy sources like thermal or nuclear power plants that can generate noise pollution. This makes solar energy a favorable option, particularly for residential areas.
4. Low Maintenance: Solar panels require minimal maintenance once installed. Regular cleaning to keep them free from dust and debris is usually sufficient. This reduces the need for ongoing maintenance and associated environmental impacts.
5. Modularity and Scalability: Solar energy systems can be easily scaled up or down depending on the energy requirements. They can range from small individual rooftop installations to vast solar farms. This flexibility makes solar energy a versatile option for different settings and energy demands.
6. Local Generation: Solar energy can be generated locally, reducing the need for extensive transmission networks and energy loss during distribution. Local generation can enhance energy independence, reduce reliance on centralized power systems, and result in more resilient and sustainable energy supply.
In conclusion, solar energy is the most environmentally friendly option due to its renewable nature, zero emissions, lack of noise pollution, low maintenance requirements, modularity and scalability, as well as its ability to generate energy locally. It is a sustainable and clean source of energy that has the potential to reduce our carbon footprint and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Pergunta 26 Relatório
When weathering occurs on hill slopes, rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form
Detalhes da Resposta
When weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris usually pile up at the bottom of the hill slope to form **scrree**. Scree is a deposition of loose rock fragments that have accumulated at the base of a steep slope or cliff. It is formed as a result of the continuous process of weathering, erosion, and gravity. Weathering is the breakdown of rocks by natural processes, such as wind, water, and temperature changes. This causes rocks to become smaller and more fragmented over time. Erosion is the process of transporting the fragmented rock material down the slope. Gravity plays a significant role in moving the loose rock fragments towards the bottom of the hill slope. As the weathered rock fragments accumulate at the base of the slope, they form a pile of loose debris called scree. Scree can range in size from small pebbles to larger rocks. It is usually found on steep slopes or cliffs where the force of gravity pulls the loose rock down and accumulates it at the bottom. In conclusion, when weathering occurs on hill slopes, the rock debris piles up at the bottom to form scree.
Pergunta 27 Relatório
A piece of evidence that confirms that the earth is spherical is
Detalhes da Resposta
Evidence of the earth's sphericity
-circumarigation of the earth
-lunar eclipse(eclipse of the moon)
-sunrise and sunset
-ship visibility
-the circular horizon
Pergunta 28 Relatório
The world's greatest gold producer is
Detalhes da Resposta
After a temporary set back in 2021 due to a sharp decline in output, Ghana has reclaimed its position as the top Gold producer
Pergunta 29 Relatório
The highest concentration of industries in Nigeria is found in the
Detalhes da Resposta
The highest concentration of industries in Nigeria can be found in the Western zone. This region is also known as the Lagos-Ibadan Industrial Axis.
There are several reasons why the Western zone has the highest concentration of industries:
1. Proximity to Ports: The Western zone is close to major seaports, such as the Apapa Port in Lagos. This proximity allows for easier import and export of goods, reducing transportation costs for industries.
2. Infrastructure: The Western zone benefits from well-developed infrastructure, including good road networks, railways, and access to reliable power supply. These factors make it more conducive for industries to set up and operate efficiently.
3. Market Access: The Western zone has a large population, including the bustling city of Lagos, which provides a ready market for industries. The region serves as a major commercial hub, attracting businesses from various sectors.
4. Availability of Skilled Labor: The Western zone is home to several educational institutions, including universities and technical colleges. This abundance of institutions ensures a steady supply of skilled labor for industries in the region.
5. Government Support: The government has implemented policies and incentives to encourage industrial growth in the Western zone. These include tax incentives, subsidies, and initiatives such as the Lagos Free Trade Zone, which attracts both local and foreign investors.
In summary, the Western zone of Nigeria, specifically the Lagos-Ibadan industrial axis, has the highest concentration of industries due to its proximity to ports, well-developed infrastructure, access to market, availability of skilled labor, and government support. This region continues to attract businesses, driving economic growth and development in Nigeria.
Pergunta 30 Relatório
Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at
Detalhes da Resposta
Exports from Mali are most likely to pass through the sea port at Abidjan. Abidjan is the largest and busiest port in West Africa, located in Cote d'Ivoire. It is strategically positioned along the Gulf of Guinea, making it an ideal gateway for trade in the region. Mali is a landlocked country, which means it does not have direct access to the sea. Therefore, to transport their goods internationally, Mali relies heavily on neighboring countries' ports. Among the given options, Abidjan is the closest and most accessible port for Mali. Abidjan offers excellent shipping facilities, infrastructure, and connections to major shipping lines. It has a well-developed road network that connects it to Mali and other landlocked Sahelian countries, making it a convenient and efficient route for transporting goods. In summary, due to its proximity, connectivity, and efficiency, the sea port at Abidjan is the most likely entry point for Mali's exports.
Pergunta 31 Relatório
Buying and selling of goods and services within a country is termed as
Detalhes da Resposta
The buying and selling of goods and services within a country is known as internal trade.
Internal trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between individuals, businesses, and organizations within the borders of a country. It involves the transfer of goods and services from producers to consumers or from one business to another within the same country.
For example, when you go to a local store to buy groceries or when a company sells its products to customers within the country, it is considered internal trade.
Internal trade is an essential part of a country's economy as it enables the circulation of goods and services within the country, stimulates economic growth, creates job opportunities, and fulfills the needs and wants of the people.
International trade, on the other hand, refers to the exchange of goods and services between different countries. Barter is a system of trade where goods or services are exchanged directly without the use of money. Foreign trade specifically refers to the trade between different countries or the import and export activities of a country.
Therefore, in this context, the correct term for the buying and selling of goods and services within a country is internal trade.
Pergunta 32 Relatório
Which of the following is not a process of chemical weathering?
Detalhes da Resposta
Chemical weathering is a process in which the chemical composition of rocks and minerals is altered due to exposure to certain substances or environmental conditions. It plays a significant role in the breakdown and decomposition of rocks over time. Out of the options given, **frost action** is not a process of chemical weathering. Frost action, also known as freeze-thaw weathering, refers to the physical breakdown of rocks caused by repeated freezing and thawing of water within the rock fractures. It is a type of physical weathering, not chemical. Now let's briefly explain the other three options and how they relate to chemical weathering: 1. **Hydrolysis** is a chemical process in which water reacts with minerals in the rock, leading to their breakdown. Minerals such as feldspar and mica are commonly affected by hydrolysis. Water molecules interact with these minerals, causing them to break down into new minerals or dissolved ions. This process weakens the rock's structure and contributes to its gradual degradation. 2. **Oxidation** is another chemical process that occurs when certain minerals in rocks react with oxygen in the presence of water or air. This reaction causes the minerals to undergo a chemical change, resulting in the formation of new compounds. For example, when iron minerals in rocks come into contact with oxygen, they can oxidize and form iron oxide, more commonly known as rust. This process weakens the rock and makes it more susceptible to further weathering. 3. **Carbonation** is the chemical weathering process associated with the dissolution of carbon dioxide in water, forming carbonic acid. This acid reacts with minerals such as calcium carbonate (present in rocks like limestone and marble), leading to their dissolution. Carbonation is a common process in regions with a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere or in areas where water with dissolved carbon dioxide comes into contact with rocks. In conclusion, **frost action** is not a process of chemical weathering but rather a form of physical weathering. Hydrolysis, oxidation, and carbonation, on the other hand, are all examples of chemical weathering processes that contribute to the degradation and alteration of rocks over time.
Pergunta 33 Relatório
Which of the following landforms is associated with parallel vaulting?
Detalhes da Resposta
It should be noted that landforms produced by faulting are Rift valley and Block mountain. Rift valley occurs when there are tensional and compression forces operating. Two parallel faults occur and there will be gravitational force leading to the sinking of the land between the faults.
Pergunta 34 Relatório
"An open forest with evergreen, thick leathery leaves and woody stems with deep roots" is known as
Detalhes da Resposta
Mediterranean vegetation consists largely of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs having woody stems with thick roots.
Pergunta 35 Relatório
Which of the following distinguishes rotation from revolution?
Detalhes da Resposta
The statement that distinguishes rotation from revolution is that "The earth rotates on its axis while it revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit." Rotation refers to the spinning of an object around its own axis. In the case of the Earth, it rotates on an imaginary line called its axis. This rotation is responsible for various phenomena like the change between day and night. As the Earth rotates, different parts of it are exposed to the Sun's light, creating the cycle of day and night. Revolution, on the other hand, refers to the movement of an object around another object in space. In the case of the Earth, it revolves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit. This revolution takes approximately 365.25 days to complete, which gives us a year. So, to summarize, rotation refers to the spinning of an object on its axis, causing phenomena like day and night. Revolution refers to the movement of an object around another object in space, giving us the concept of a year.
Pergunta 36 Relatório
Which of the following is a major boost of tourism?
Detalhes da Resposta
A major boost of tourism is adequate publicity about natural scenery.
When there is adequate publicity about natural scenery, it creates awareness among tourists about the beauty and uniqueness of a particular destination. This can include stunning landscapes, national parks, wildlife reserves, breathtaking mountains, pristine beaches, or iconic landmarks.
Such publicity can be done through various means, including travel websites, social media platforms, travel documentaries, brochures, and advertisements. When potential visitors see and hear about the natural beauty of a place, it increases their desire to visit and explore it.
This publicity helps to attract tourists from different parts of the world who are eager to experience and appreciate the wonders of nature. Tourists are motivated to visit new places they have heard about and seen pictures of, and this results in a boost in tourism.
When tourists visit a destination, they contribute to the local economy by spending money on accommodation, food, transportation, souvenirs, and various activities. This spending stimulates economic growth and development in the area.
Furthermore, tourism also promotes cultural exchange and understanding between different regions and people. Visitors have the opportunity to learn about different cultures, traditions, and ways of life, while locals get to interact with and learn from tourists as well.
In summary, adequate publicity about natural scenery plays a major role in boosting tourism by attracting tourists and stimulating economic growth. It helps generate interest and curiosity among potential visitors, leading them to explore and appreciate the beauty of various destinations.
Pergunta 37 Relatório
The broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is called
Detalhes da Resposta
The broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is called selvas. Selvas is a term used to describe the lush, vibrant rainforest found in the Amazon.
These forests are characterized by their tall trees with large, broad leaves that can capture as much sunlight as possible. The leaves of these trees stay green all year round, giving the forest a constant appearance of being "evergreen."
The Amazon rainforest is also known for its incredible biodiversity, with a wide variety of plant and animal species living in this habitat. This is due to the constant warm and humid climate, as well as the diverse range of ecosystems within the region.
The dense and thick vegetation in the selvas plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of our planet. It serves as a carbon sink, absorbing large amounts of carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen through photosynthesis. Additionally, the Amazon rainforest is often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" because of its significant contribution to global oxygen production.
In conclusion, the broad-leafed evergreen and dense equatorial forest of the Amazon basin is known as selvas. It is a unique and important ecosystem with immense biodiversity and crucial ecological functions.
Pergunta 38 Relatório
Soil erosion by action of rain can be caused y all the following except
Detalhes da Resposta
Aridity is a long term lack of rainfall or moisture. Soil erosion cannot take place in an srid area.
Pergunta 39 Relatório
Rocks are said to be crystalline when the atoms forming them are
Detalhes da Resposta
Crystalline rocks are rocks that;
-do not contain fossils
-do not occur in layers i.e they are non-stratified
Pergunta 40 Relatório
The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called
Detalhes da Resposta
The instrument used to measure relative humidity is called a hygrometer.
A hygrometer is a device that helps us determine the amount of moisture or water vapor present in the air. It measures the relative humidity, which is the percentage of moisture in the air compared to the maximum amount of moisture the air can hold at a given temperature.
There are different types of hygrometers, but one common type is the "dry and wet bulb" hygrometer. It consists of two thermometers: one thermometer with a dry bulb and another with a wet bulb.
To measure relative humidity, the wet bulb thermometer is wrapped with a moistened cloth. As the moisture on the cloth evaporates, it causes the wet bulb temperature to decrease. The dry bulb thermometer remains unaffected.
By comparing the temperatures of the dry and wet bulbs, we can calculate the relative humidity using a formula. The difference between the two temperatures helps us understand how much moisture is in the air.
So, in summary, a hygrometer is used to measure relative humidity by comparing the temperatures of a dry bulb and a wet bulb thermometer. It helps us understand how much water vapor is present in the air.
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