JAMB UTME - Mathematics - 1984

If the price of oranges was raised by $\frac{1}{2}$k per orange. The number of oranges a customer can buy for ?2.40 will be less by 16. What is the present price of an orange?

Detalhes da Resposta

Let x represent the price of an orange and
y represent the number of oranges that can be bought
xy = 240k, y = $\frac{240}{x}$.....(i)
If the price of an oranges is raised by $\frac{1}{2}$k per orange, number that can be bought for ?240 is reduced by 16
Hence, y - 16 = $\frac{240}{x+\frac{1}{2}}$
= $\frac{480}{2x+1}$
= $\frac{480}{2x+1}$.....(ii)
subt. for y in eqn (ii) $\frac{240}{x}$ - 16
= $\frac{480}{2x+1}$
= $\frac{240?16x}{x}$
= $\frac{480}{2x+1}$
= (240 - 16x)(2x + 1)
= 480x
= 480x + 240 - 32x2 - 16
480x = 224 - 32x2
x2 = 7
x = $\sqrt{7}$
= 2.5
= 2$\frac{1}{2}$k

Simplify $\frac{3^n-3^{n-1}}{3^3\times 3^n-27\times 3^{n-1}}$

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{3^n-3^{n-1}}{3^3\times 3^n-27\times 3^{n-1}}$ = $\frac{3^n-3^{n-1}}{3^3(3^n-3^{n-1})}$
= $\frac{3^n-3^{n-1}}{27(3^n-3^{n-1})}$
= $\frac{1}{27}$

Thirty boys and X girls sat for a test. The mean of the boys' scores and that of the girls were respectively 6 and 8. Find 8 if the total score was 468.

Detalhes da Resposta

Le the number of girls = A; Total score of boys = 30 $\times$ 6 = 180
Total score of girls = A $\times$ 8 = 8A
$\therefore$ 180 + 8A = 468
8A = 288
A = 36

Using $△$XYZ in the figure, find XYZ.

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{\sin y}{3}=\frac{\sin {120}^o}{5}$

sin 120${}^{\circ }$ = sin 60${}^{\circ }$

5 sin y = 3 sin 60${}^{\circ }$

sin y = $\frac{3\sin {60}^o}{5}$

$\frac{3\times 0.866}{5}$

= $\frac{2.598}{5}$

y = sin-1 0.5196 = 30${}^{\circ }$ 18'

Find a factor which is common to all 3 binomial expressions $4a^2-9b^2,8a^3+27b^3,(4a+6b{)}^2$.

Detalhes da Resposta

In a racing competition, Musa covered a distance 5x km in the first hour and (x + 10)km in the next hour. He was second to Nzozi who covered a total distance of 118km in the two hours. Which of the following inequalities is correct?

Detalhes da Resposta

Total distance covered by Musa in 2 hrs
= x + 10 + 5x
= 6x + 10
Ngozi = 118 km
If they are equal, 6x + 10 = 188
but 6x + 10 < 118

6x < 108

= x < 18

0 < x < 18 = 0 $\le$ x < 18

In the figure, PQRSTW is a regular hexagon. QS intersects RT at V. Calculate TVS.

Detalhes da Resposta

From the diagram, PQRSTW is a regular hexagon.

Hexagon is a six sided polygon.

Sum of interior angles of polygon = (2n - 4)90${}^{\circ }$ = [2 x 6 - 4] x 90 = 8 x 90 = 720${}^{\circ }$

each angle = $\frac{{720}^o}{6}={120}^o$ and TVS = $\frac{120}{2}={60}^o$

Simplify $\frac{(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{5})-\frac{1}{3}\text{of}\frac{2}{5}}{3-\frac{1}{1\frac{1}{2}}}$

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{5}$ = $\frac{10-3}{15}$
= $\frac{7}{15}$
$\frac{1}{3}$ Of $\frac{2}{5}$ = $\frac{1}{3}$ x $\frac{2}{5}$
= $\frac{2}{5}$
($\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{5}$) - $\frac{1}{3}$ of $\frac{2}{5}$
= $\frac{7}{15}-\frac{2}{15}$ = $\frac{1}{3}$
3 - $\frac{1}{1\frac{1}{2}}$ = 3 - $\frac{2}{3}$
= $\frac{7}{3}$
$\frac{\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{5}\text{of}\frac{2}{15}}{3-\frac{1}{1\frac{1}{2}}}$
= $\frac{\frac{1}{3}}{\frac{7}{3}}$
= $\frac{1}{3}$ x $\frac{3}{7}$
= $\frac{1}{7}$

What is the volume of this regular three dimensional figure?

Detalhes da Resposta

Volume of the three dimensional figures = v = A x h

A = $\frac{1}{2}$ x 4 x 3

= 6cm2

V = 6 x 8

= 48cm2

The sides of a triangle are(x + 4)cm, xcm and (x - 4)cm, respectively If the cosine of the largest angle is $\frac{1}{5}$, find the value of x

Detalhes da Resposta

< B is the largest since the side facing it is the largest, i.e. (x + 4)cm

Cosine B = $\frac{1}{5}$
= 0.2 given
b2 - a2 + c2 - 2a Cos B
Cos B = $\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2ac}$
$\frac{1}{5}$ = $\frac{x^2+?(x-4{)}^2-(x+4{)}^2}{2x(x-4)}$
$\frac{1}{5}$= $\frac{x(x-16)}{2x(x-4)}$
$\frac{1}{5}$ = $\frac{x-16}{2x-8}$
= 5(x - 16)
= 2x - 8
3x = 72
x = $\frac{72}{3}$
= 24

Find the angle of the sectors representing each item in pie chart of the following data 6, 10, 14, 16, 26

Detalhes da Resposta

6 + 10 + 14 + 16 + 26 = 72
$\frac{6}{72}$ x 360
= 30o
Similarly others give 30o, 50o, 70o, 80o and 130o respectively

The quadratic equation whose roots are 1 - $\sqrt{13}$ and 1 + $\sqrt{13}$ is

Detalhes da Resposta

1 - $\sqrt{13}$ and 1 + $\sqrt{13}$
Product of roots = (1 - $\sqrt{13}$) (1 + $\sqrt{13}$) = -12
x2 - (sum of roots) x + (product of roots) = 0
x2 - 2x + 12 = 0

In the diagram, find the size of the angle marked ao

Detalhes da Resposta

2 x s = 280o(Angle at centre = 2 x < at circum)

S = $\frac{{280}^o}{2}$

= 140

< O = 360 - 280 = 80o

60 + 80 + 140 + a = 360o

(< in a quad); 280 = a = 360

a = 360 - 280

a = 80o

If (x - 2) and (x + 1) are factors of the expression x3 + px2 + qx + 1, what is the sum of p and q

Detalhes da Resposta

x3 + px2 + qx + 1 = (x - 1) Q(x) + R
x - 2 = 0, x = 2, R = 0,
4p + 2p = -9........(i)
x3 + px2 + qx + 1 = (x - 1)Q(x) + R
-1 + p - q + 1 = 0
p - q = 0.......(ii)
Solve the equation simultaneously
p = $\frac{-3}{2}$
q = $\frac{-3}{2}$
p + q = $\frac{3}{2}$ - $\frac{3}{2}$
= $\frac{-6}{2}$
= -3

Bola choose at random a number between 1 and 300. What is the probability that the number is divisible by 4?

Detalhes da Resposta

Numbers divisible by 4 between 1 and 300 include 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 e.t.c. To get the number of figures divisible by 4, We solve by method of A.P
Let x represent numbers divisible by 4, nth term = a + (n - 1)d
a = 4, d = 4
Last term = 4 + (n - 1)4
288 = 4 + 4n - n
= $\frac{288}{4}$
= 72
rn(Note: 288 is the last Number divisible by 4 between 1 and 300)
Prob. of x = $\frac{72}{288}$
= $\frac{1}{4}$

Find the area of the shaded portion of the semicircular figure.

Detalhes da Resposta

Asector = $\frac{60}{360}\times \pi r^2$

= $\frac{1}{6}\pi r^2$

A$△$ = $\frac{1}{2}{r}^2\sin {60}^o$

$\frac{1}{2}{r}^2\times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}=\frac{r^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$

A$\text{shaded portion}$ = Asector -
A$△$

= ($\frac{1}{6}\pi r^2-\frac{r^2\sqrt{3}}{4}{)}^3$

= $\frac{\pi r^2}{2}-\frac{3r^2\sqrt{3}}{4}$

= $\frac{r^2}{4}(2\pi -3\sqrt{3})$

In the figure, 0 is the centre of circle PQRS and PS//RT. If PRT = 135, then PSO is

Detalhes da Resposta

< R = 180${}^{\circ }$ - 45${}^{\circ }$ (sum of angles on a straight line)

< R = < P = 45${}^{\circ }$ (corresponding angles)

< PSO = < P = 45${}^{\circ }$ ($△$PSO is a right angle)

If pq + 1 = q2 and t = $\frac{1}{p}$ - $\frac{1}{pq}$ express t in terms of q

Detalhes da Resposta

Pq + 1 = q2......(i)
t = $\frac{1}{p}$ - $\frac{1}{pq}$.........(ii)
p = $\frac{q^2-1}{q}$
Sub for p in equation (ii)
t = $\frac{1}{q^2-\frac{1}{q}}$ - $\frac{1}{\frac{q^2-1}{q}\times q}$
t = $\frac{q}{q^2-1}$ - $\frac{1}{q^2-1}$
t = $\frac{q-1}{q^2-1}$
= $\frac{q-1}{(q+1)(q-1)}$
= $\frac{1}{q+1}$

If 2x + 3y = 1 and x - y = 11, find (x + y).

Detalhes da Resposta

A trader in country where their currency 'MONI'(M) is in base five bought 1035 oranges at M145 each. If he sold the oranges at M245 each, what will be his gain?

Detalhes da Resposta

Total cost of 1035 oranges at ₦145 each
= 1035 x 145
= 20025
Total selling price at ₦245 each
= (103)5 x 245
= 30325
Hence his gain = 30325 - 20025
= 10305

If sin $\theta$ = $\frac{x}{y}$ and 0o < 90o, then find $\frac{1}{tan\theta }$.

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{1}{tan\theta }$ = $\frac{cos\theta }{sin\theta }$
sin$\theta$ = $\frac{x}{y}$
cos$\theta$ = $\frac{\sqrt{y^2-x^2}}{y}$

Rationalize $\frac{5\sqrt{7}-7\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}$

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{5\sqrt{7}-7\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}$ = $\frac{5\sqrt{7}-7\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}$ x $\frac{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{5}}$
= $\frac{(5\times 7)+(5\sqrt{7}\times 5)-(7\times \sqrt{5}\times 7)(-7\times 5)}{(\sqrt{7}{)}^2}$
= $\frac{5\sqrt{35}-7\sqrt{35}}{2}$
= $\frac{-2\sqrt{35}}{2}$
= - $\sqrt{35}$

In the figure, TSP = PRQ, QR = 8cm, PR = 6cm and ST = 12cm. Find the length SP.

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{PQ}{6+RT}=\frac{6}{12}=\frac{6}{PS}$(Similar triangles)

$\frac{6}{12}=\frac{8}{PS}$

PS = $\frac{12\times 8}{6}$

= 16cm

Find the x co-ordinates of the points of intersection of the two equations in the graph.

Detalhes da Resposta

If y = 2x + 1 and y = x2 - 2x + 1

then x2 - 2x + 1 = 2x + 1

x2 - 4x = 0

x(x - 4) = 0

x = 0 or 4

Measurements of the diameters, in centimeters, in centimeters, of 20 copper spheres are distributed as shown below:

$\begin{array}{ccc}\text{Class boundary in cm}& \text{frequency}& \\ 3.35-3.45& 3& \\ 3.45-3.55& 6& \\ 3.55-3.65& 7& \\ 3.65-3.75& 4& \end{array}$

What is the mean diameter of the copper spheres?

Detalhes da Resposta

$\begin{array}{ccc}\text{x(mid point)}& f& fx\\ 3.4& 3& 10.2\\ 3.5& 6& 21.0\\ 3.6& 7& 25.2\\ 3.7& 4& 14.8\end{array}$
$\sum f$ = 20
$\sum fx$ = 71.2
mean = $\frac{\sum fx}{\sum f}$
= $\frac{71.2}{20}$
= 3.56

Factorize $6x^2-14x-12$

Detalhes da Resposta

A man invested a total of ₦50000 in two companies. If these companies pay dividends of 6% and 8% respectively, how much did he invest at 8% if the total yield is ₦3700?

Detalhes da Resposta

Total yield = ₦3,700
Total amount invested = ₦50,000
Let x be the amount invested at 6% interest and let y be the amount invested at 8% interest
then yield on x = $\frac{6}{100}$ x and yield on y = $\frac{8}{100}$y
Hence, $\frac{6}{100}$x + $\frac{8}{100}$y
= 3,700.........(i)
x + y = 50,000........(ii)
6x + 8y = 370,000 x 1
x + y = 50,000 x 6
6x + 8y = 370,000.........(iii)
6x + 6y = 3000,000........(iv)
Eqn (iii) - Eqn (ii)
2y = 70,000
y = $\frac{70,000}{2}$
= 35,000
Money invested at 8% is ₦35,000

Tunde and Shola can do a piece of work in 18 days. Tunde can do it alone in x days, whilst Shola takes 15 days longer to do it alone. Which of the following equations is satisfied by x?

Detalhes da Resposta

0.00014321940000 $\frac{0.0001432}{1940000}$ = k x 10n where 1 ≤ $\le$ k < 10 and n is a whole number. The values K and n are

Detalhes da Resposta

0.00014321940000 $\frac{0.0001432}{1940000}$ = k x 10n

where 1 ≤ $\le$ k ≤ $\le$ 10 and n is a whole number. Using four figure tables, the eqn. gives 7.38 x 10-11

k = 7.381, n = -11

The cumulative frequency function of the data below is given below by the equation y = cf(x). What is cf(5)?

$\begin{array}{cc}Score\left(n\right)& Frequency\left(f\right)\\ 3& 30\\ 4& 32\\ 5& 30\\ 6& 35\\ 8& 20\end{array}$

Detalhes da Resposta

If y = cf(x)
cf(5) = 30 + 32 + 30
= 92

If f(x) = 2(x - 3)2 + 3(x - 3) + 4 and g(y) = 5 + y, find g [f(3)] and f[g(4)].

Detalhes da Resposta

f(x0 = 2(x - 3)2 + 3(x - 3) + 4
= (2 + 3) + (x - 3) + 4
5(x - 3) + 4
5x - 15 + 4
= 5x - 11
f(3) = 5 x 3 - 11
= 4

Two fair dice are rolled. What is the probability that both show up the same number of points.

Detalhes da Resposta

A dice has 6 faces, 2 dice has 6 x 6 = 36 combined face
Prob. of both showing the same number of points
= $\frac{6}{36}$
= $\frac{1}{6}$

A cone is formed by bending a sector of a circle Saving an angle or 210°. Find the radius of the base of the cone. If the diameter of the circle is 12cm.

Detalhes da Resposta

The larger value of y for which (y - 1)2 = 4y - 7 is

Detalhes da Resposta

(y - 1)2 = 4y - 7
y2 - 2xy + 1 = 4y - 7
y2 - 6y + 8 = 0
(y - 4)(y - 2)
y = 4 or 2 = 4

A right circular cone has a base radius r cm and a vertical angle 2yo. The height of the cone is

Detalhes da Resposta

$\frac{r}{h}$ = tan yo
h = $\frac{r}{tan{y}^o}$
= r cot yo

XYZ is a triangle and XW is perpendicular to YZ at = W. If XZ = 5cm and WZ = 4cm, Calculate XY.

Detalhes da Resposta

by Pythagoras theorem, XW = 3cm

Also by Pythagoras theorem, XY2 = 62 + 32

XY2 = 36 + 9 = 45

XY = $\sqrt{45}=3\sqrt{3}$

The table below is drawn for a graph y = x3 - 3x + 1.

$\begin{array}{cccccccc}x& -3& -2& -1& 0& 1& 2& 3\\ y=x^3-3x+1& 1& -1& 3& 1& -1& 3& 1\end{array}$

From x = -2 to x = 1, the graph crosses the x-axis in the range(s)

Detalhes da Resposta

If the graph of y = x3 - 3x + 1 is plotted,the graph crosses the x-axis in the ranges -2 < x < -1 and 0 < x < 1

The cost of production of an article is made up as follows: Labour ₦70, Power ₦15, Materials ₦30, Miscellaneous ₦5. Find the angle of the sector representing Labour in a pie chart

Detalhes da Resposta

Total cost of production = ₦120.00
Labour Cost = $\frac{70}{120}$ x $\frac{{360}^o}{1}$
= 120o

Find, without using logarithm tables, the value of $\frac{lo{g}_{3}27-lo{g}_{\frac{1}{4}}64}{lo{g}_3\frac{1}{81}}$

Detalhes da Resposta

log327 = 3log33
=3 log3$\frac{1}{81}$
= -4 log33 = -4
let log$\frac{1}{4}$64 = ($\frac{1}{4}$)x
= 64
4-x = 43
$\frac{lo{g}_{3}27-lo{g}_{\frac{1}{4}}64}{lo{g}_3\frac{1}{81}}$ = $\frac{3-(-3)}{-4}$
= $\frac{-6}{4}$
= $\frac{-3}{2}$

P sold his bicycle to Q at a profit of 10%. How much did the bicycle cost P?

Detalhes da Resposta

Let the selling price(SP from P to Q be represented by x
i.e. SP = x
When SP = x at 10% profit
CP = $\frac{100}{100}$ + 10 of x = $\frac{100}{110}$ of x
when Q sells to R, SP = ₦209 at loss of 5%
Q's cost price = Q's selling price
CP = $\frac{100}{95}$ x 209
= 220.00
x = 220
= $\frac{2200}{11}$
= 200
= ₦200.00

P varies directly as the square of Q and inversely as R. If P = 36, when Q = 3 and R = 4, find P when Q = 5 and R = 2.

Detalhes da Resposta

$P\propto \frac{Q^2}{R}$
$\therefore$ $P=\frac{K{Q}^2}{R}$
$36=\frac{K{Q}^2}{4}$
$K=\frac{36\times 4}{9}$
$K=16$
$P=\frac{16\times 5^2}{2}=200$

Simplify (1 + $\frac{\frac{x-1}{1}}{\frac{1}{x+1}}$)(x + 2)

Detalhes da Resposta

A variable point p(x, y) traces a graph in a two-dimensional plane. (0, 3) is one position of P. If x increases by 1 unit, y increases by 4 units. The equation of the graph is

Detalhes da Resposta

P(x, y), P(0, 3) If x increases by 1 unit and y by 4 units, then ratio of x : y = 1 : 4
$\frac{x}{1}$ = $\frac{y}{4}$
y = 4x
Hence the sign of the graph is y + 3 = 4x

If a = $\frac{2x}{1-x}$ and b = $\frac{1+x}{1-x}$, then a2 - b2 in the simplest form is

Detalhes da Resposta

a2 - b2 = ($\frac{2x}{1-x}$)2 - ($\frac{1+x}{1-x}$)2
= ($\frac{2x}{1-x}+\frac{1+x}{1-x}$)($\frac{2x}{1-x}-\frac{1+x}{1-X}$)
= ($\frac{3x+1}{1-x}$)($\frac{x-1}{1-x}$)
= $\frac{3x+1}{x-1}$

A straight lie y = mx meets the curve y = x2 - 12x + 40 in two distinct points. If one of them is (5, 5) find the other

Detalhes da Resposta

When y = 5, y = x2 - 12x + 40, becomes
x2 - 12x + 40 = 5
x2 - 12x + 40 - 5 = 0
x2 + 12x + 35 = 0
x2 - 7x - 5x + 35 = 0
x(x - 7) - 5(x - 7) = 0
= (x - 5)(x - 7)
x = 5 or 7