JAMB UTME - Use of English - 2023

He started his career as an ........ teacher

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He started his career as an **auxiliary** teacher. An auxiliary teacher is a term commonly used to describe a teacher who supports the main or lead teacher in the classroom. They assist the lead teacher by providing additional supervision, support, and reinforcement of lessons and activities. They may also assist with classroom management, grading, and other administrative tasks. In summary, an auxiliary teacher is someone who works alongside the main teacher to ensure the smooth functioning of the classroom and enhance the learning experience for students.

The passage below has gaps. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

PASSAGE IV

With the most profound respect to the members of the Senate, I do not think that it is within the competence of that ...1... body to pass a motion to ...2... the executive action of the President. The Senate is ...3... of the National Assembly. But it is not by itself alone the National Assembly. One can imagine the confusion, which would be created if the ...4... were to take a view diametrically opposed to that reflected in the Senate resolution. The strongest objection to the action of the Senate in passing the resolution is the fact that it constituted itself the ...5... as well as the judge of the constitutionality of the action of the President. The function of the Senate is to ...6... laws. But the Senate has no authority or ...7... to control the President in the exercise of his ...8... powers. It cannot by a mere resolution or motion give any directive to the President regarding the exercise of his powers nor can it undo what the President has done in the exercise of those powers. The only way in which the exercise of the powers of the President can be ...9... is by ...10... of the National Assembly.
Adapted from The Guardian of July 8, 1999, p. 8.

...8...

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In the context of the passage, the President is exercising his 'executive' powers. The term 'executive' refers to the branch of government responsible for implementing, administering, and enforcing laws. The other options 'official', 'authoritative', and 'judicial' do not fit into the context of the sentence.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Salma stayed at the most coveted and famous ______ hostel.

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Salma stayed at the most coveted and famous Queen Amina hostel. Queen Amina is the correct answer because in "The Life Changer" novel, the Queen Amina hostel is described as the most coveted and famous hostel. This means that it is highly sought after and well-known among students. Queen Amina was a powerful and influential queen who ruled over the city-state of Zazzau, which is present-day Nigeria. She was known for her bravery, military skills, and leadership qualities. The hostel named after Queen Amina is likely to symbolize strength, courage, and excellence – traits that students staying there might aspire to possess. It is important to note that the other options mentioned, Queen Moremi, Queen Lateefat, and Queen Haneefa, are not described in the novel as being as coveted and famous as Queen Amina. Therefore, the correct answer is Queen Amina.

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s)
When night fell, we had to hasten to the motor park.

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When the word "hasten" is used in this context, it means that the speaker had to hurry to the motor park when night fell. "Hasten" refers to the act of moving quickly or rushing in order to reach a destination or complete a task.
Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to "hasten" is "hurry". "Hurry" also means to do something quickly or rapidly.

The coach has asked the Bright Rangers to be paid their --6-- salaries and --7-- so as to --8-- them to victory against Mamelody Sundowns of South Africa in saturday's all importanat CAF Champions leaque Match. Bright Rangers are the third in group B with four points --9-- many matches and need to --10-- defaet at second - placed Al - Ahly to stay in the --11-- for a place in the semi - final of Africa's most prestigious club competition. The Coach told MTN Football.com that the team would be better motivated if they atleast receive their August salaries before the Al - Ahly --12--. We have to make sure that they are paid their salaries --13-- so that they could play the game of their lives. The government has done very well, but it will be a big morale --14-- to get paid for them to go out there and play. The Coach informed MTN Football.com that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter --15-- to get a result in Cario.

 --12--

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The missing word in the sentence is "Showdown". A showdown refers to a critical or decisive confrontation between two opponents. In this context, it means the important match between Bright Rangers and Mamelody Sundowns in the CAF Champions League. The coach believes that paying the players their salaries before this match will motivate them and increase their chances of victory. The coach wants the players to be well motivated and play the game of their lives. The government has done well, but paying the salaries will be a big morale boost for the players. The Bright Rangers are currently third in their group and need to avoid defeat against Al - Ahly to stay in the competition for a place in the semi-finals. The team plans to employ the counter-attacking strategy to achieve a positive result in Cairo.

In this question, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.

EMEKA finished his homework yesterday.

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The sentence "EMEKA finished his homework yesterday" has the emphatic stress on the word "EMEKA."
The question "Who finished his homework yesterday?" is related to the given sentence. This is because the sentence emphasizes that EMEKA completed his homework yesterday. The focus is on identifying who finished the homework. Therefore, the correct option is the first one: "Who finished his homework yesterday?"

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Why did Habib call Tomiwa instead of Salma that he gave a ride?

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Habib called Tomiwa instead of Salma that he gave a ride for two primary reasons. Firstly, **Tomiwa is a Muslim**, while Salma is not. This is significant because in the story, the characters are all Muslims and their beliefs, customs, and interactions are influenced by their Islamic faith. Secondly, **Salma gave Habib Tomiwa's number instead of her own**. This implies that Salma intentionally provided Tomiwa's contact information to Habib, possibly as a way to indirectly keep in touch with him or to establish a connection between Tomiwa and Habib.
Therefore, the correct answer is: **Because Tomiwa is a Muslim and Salma gave him Tomiwa's number instead of hers**.
The option "All of the above" is incorrect because it implies that both of these reasons are true, which is not the case. The option "Because Habib likes Tomiwa more than Salma" is also incorrect as there is no evidence or indication in the story to support this claim.

In this question, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

The solution lies in choosing between various negative alternatives.

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The sentence 'The solution lies in choosing between various negative alternatives' implies that the solution can be found among several unfavorable or less-than-ideal options. Therefore, the option 'The solution can be found in one of the negative options' is the correct answer.

He was both a writer and a politician, but he was better ........ a singer

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He was both a writer and a politician, but he was better **as** a singer.
The word "as" is used to show similarity or comparison. In this sentence, it is used to compare his skills or abilities in different roles - writer, politician, and singer. The sentence implies that out of these three roles, he was most skilled or talented in singing.
When we say he was better "as" a singer, it means that his singing abilities surpassed or excelled in comparison to his skills as a writer and a politician. So, in terms of his talents and abilities, singing was the area where he truly shone or stood out.

The coach has asked the Bright Rangers to be paid their --6-- salaries and --7-- so as to --8-- them to victory against Mamelody Sundowns of South Africa in saturday's all importanat CAF Champions leaque Match. Bright Rangers are the third in group B with four points --9-- many matches and need to --10-- defaet at second - placed Al - Ahly to stay in the --11-- for a place in the semi - final of Africa's most prestigious club competition. The Coach told MTN Football.com that the team would be better motivated if they atleast receive their August salaries before the Al - Ahly --12--. We have to make sure that they are paid their salaries --13-- so that they could play the game of their lives. The government has done very well, but it will be a big morale --14-- to get paid for them to go out there and play. The Coach informed MTN Football.com that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter --15-- to get a result in Cario.

--6--

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The term used in the given text is "salaries". Now, looking at the context, it seems the coach is requesting for the players' salaries to be paid before their upcoming match against Mamelody Sundowns.
Given the options, the term that best fits the context is "outstanding". This means that the players' salaries are due and have not been paid yet. By using the term "outstanding", the coach is emphasizing that the salaries need to be paid in order to motivate the players and improve their performance in the important match.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Dr. Samuel Johnson is also known as_____

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Dr. Samuel Johnson is also known as "Samjohn". This name is derived from the combination of his first name (Samuel) and last name (Johnson). It is a commonly used shortened version or nickname for him. Therefore, the correct answer is "Samjohn".

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

_____ was always on the first row during prayer at his office.

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Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentence.

The stadium had a capacity crowd in spite of the weather.

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The sentence is saying that the stadium had a full crowd despite the bad weather. This means that even though the weather was not good, many people still came to the stadium. The best option that explains this is: The crowd defied the weather to fill the stadium.

In each of the questions, the word in capital letters has the emphatic stress. Choose the option to which the given sentence relates.The union congratulated the ELECTED president.

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The correct answer is - Did the union congratulate the ousted president? The option without the emphatic word - ELECTED is the correct answer.

The primary stress is indicated by writing the syllable on which it occurs in capital letters. From the words lettered A to D choose the one that has the correct stress.
category

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The correct stress in the word "category" is "CAT-e-go-ry". The primary stress falls on the second syllable, which is "CAT".
In English, stress refers to the emphasis or prominence given to a syllable or word in speech. It involves making that particular syllable louder, longer, and higher in pitch compared to the surrounding syllables.
In the word "category", the stress is placed on the second syllable "CAT". This means that when pronouncing the word, we put more emphasis on the "CAT" syllable, making it louder, longer, and higher in pitch. The other syllables, "e-go-ry", are pronounced with a lower level of prominence.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B: "CAT-e-go-ry", where the capital letters indicate the syllable with the primary stress.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Salma was looking more stunning on the last day of her exams because_______

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Salma was looking more stunning on the last day of her exams because her classmates had organized a mini picnic to wrap up the good work. This means that her classmates had arranged a small gathering or celebration to mark the end of their exams.
By organizing a mini picnic, Salma's classmates showed their appreciation for the effort they had put into their exams and wanted to have a fun and relaxed time together. During this picnic, they could have enjoyed delicious food, played games, and shared stories and laughter with each other.
This festive and enjoyable atmosphere created by her classmates' thoughtful gesture likely put Salma in a positive and joyful mood, which could explain why she looked so stunning on the last day of her exams. When we are happy and surrounded by friends, our natural beauty tends to shine through.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Where did the police apprehend Talle?

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In "The Life Changer" novel, the police apprehended Talle **at the palace of Hakimi**.
The palace of Hakimi is an important location in the story, and it is where Talle was found and taken into custody by the police. This is a significant event in the plot, as it marks a turning point for Talle's character and the overall storyline.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

_________ is the euphemism use for Cheat notes.

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In the context of the novel 'The Life Changer', the euphemism used for cheat notes is 'Notes of salvation'. A euphemism is a polite or mild word or expression used to refer to something embarrassing, taboo, or unpleasant.

In each of the following sentences, the word that resolves the emphatic stress is written in capital letters. From the options letters A to D, choose the one to which the given sentence is the appropriate answer.

Daddy plays TENNIS on Saturday afternoons

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TENNIS is stressed in the expression. Only the correct option asks a question about a sport which is not tennis.

Choose the option that has the same vowel sound as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined

casualty

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casualty - /kæʒjuəlti/
juice - /dʒuːs/
sure - /ʃʊə/
amateur - /æmətə/
aesthetic - /iːsθetɪk/

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word
I was skeptical about the story she told me.

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The word "skeptical" means having doubts or being unsure about something. In the given sentence, the person is unsure or doubtful about the story they were told. So, the option that is nearest in meaning to "skeptical" is "doubtful."

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word
The boss is quite inflexible once he has made up his mind.

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The word "inflexible" means that someone is unwilling to change their opinion or decision. In this case, it is referring to the boss being unyielding or not willing to compromise once he has made up his mind. Therefore, the nearest option in meaning to "inflexible" is "unyielding."

The passage below has gaps. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

PASSAGE IV

With the most profound respect to the members of the Senate, I do not think that it is within the competence of that ...1... body to pass a motion to ...2... the executive action of the President. The Senate is ...3... of the National Assembly. But it is not by itself alone the National Assembly. One can imagine the confusion, which would be created if the ...4... were to take a view diametrically opposed to that reflected in the Senate resolution. The strongest objection to the action of the Senate in passing the resolution is the fact that it constituted itself the ...5... as well as the judge of the constitutionality of the action of the President. The function of the Senate is to ...6... laws. But the Senate has no authority or ...7... to control the President in the exercise of his ...8... powers. It cannot by a mere resolution or motion give any directive to the President regarding the exercise of his powers nor can it undo what the President has done in the exercise of those powers. The only way in which the exercise of the powers of the President can be ...9... is by ...10... of the National Assembly.
Adapted from The Guardian of July 8, 1999, p. 8.

...10...

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The correct answer for the missing word is "an Act." In this passage, the author is discussing the authority of the Senate to pass a motion to oppose the actions of the President. The author argues that it is not within the Senate's competence to do so because the Senate is a part of the National Assembly but not the National Assembly itself. The author explains that if the National Assembly were to have a different view from the Senate, it would create confusion. The strongest objection to the Senate's resolution is that it assumes the role of both the judge and the constitutionality of the President's actions. The Senate's function is to make laws, not to control the President's exercise of powers. Therefore, a mere resolution or motion from the Senate cannot give any directive to the President or undo what he has done. The only way to restrict the exercise of the President's powers is through an Act of the National Assembly. An Act is a legislative proposal that becomes law once it is passed by both houses of the legislature and receives the President's assent. It carries more weight and authority than a motion or resolution from the Senate. So, the missing word is "an Act."

Fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided.
We had to ..... the group headed by Taiwo.

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"sell up" means to sell all the goods of a debtor to clear the debt, sell off means to clear out (stock) at bargaining prices sell out means to betray for money or reward.

In this question, fill each gap with the most appropriate option from the list provided.

To check desertification in the arid zones, ...... trees should be planted

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To check desertification in the arid zones, **drought-resistant** trees should be planted. Drought-resistant trees are those that have adapted to survive in arid conditions with limited water availability. These trees have evolved various mechanisms to cope with water scarcity, such as deep root systems that can access water from deep within the ground, waxy or hairy leaves that reduce water loss through evaporation, or the ability to store water in their tissues. By planting drought-resistant trees in arid zones, we can help to stabilize the soil and prevent erosion. These trees can provide shade, decreasing soil temperatures and reducing evaporation. Their deep root systems also help to bind the soil together, preventing wind erosion. Furthermore, the presence of trees can improve soil fertility as their leaves fall and decompose, providing organic matter and nutrients. Therefore, planting drought-resistant trees in arid zones is a simple and effective way to combat desertification. These tree species have the ability to survive and thrive in water-scarce environments, making them the most suitable option for addressing desertification.

The coach has asked the Bright Rangers to be paid their --6-- salaries and --7-- so as to --8-- them to victory against Mamelody Sundowns of South Africa in saturday's all importanat CAF Champions leaque Match. Bright Rangers are the third in group B with four points --9-- many matches and need to --10-- defaet at second - placed Al - Ahly to stay in the --11-- for a place in the semi - final of Africa's most prestigious club competition. The Coach told MTN Football.com that the team would be better motivated if they atleast receive their August salaries before the Al - Ahly --12--. We have to make sure that they are paid their salaries --13-- so that they could play the game of their lives. The government has done very well, but it will be a big morale --14-- to get paid for them to go out there and play. The Coach informed MTN Football.com that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter --15-- to get a result in Cario.

 --9--

Awọn alaye Idahun

The correct answer is 'from'. In this context, the Bright Rangers have four points 'from' many matches. The preposition 'from' is used to indicate the source or origin of something, in this case, the source of the points is the many matches they have played.

Choose the options to which the given sentence relate.

Spain won their last friendly FOOTBALL match

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Emphatic stress usually emphasis contrast, thus the right option should contain a word that contrasts with the emphasized word.

The primary stress is indicated by writing the syllable on which it occurs in capital letters. From the words lettered A to D choose the one that has the correct stress.
presidency

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The correct stress for the word 'presidency' is 'PRE-si-den-cy'. In English, stress means pronouncing one syllable of a multisyllabic word with greater emphasis (stress) than the other syllables in the word. The primary stress in a word is the syllable that is pronounced with the most force. In the word 'presidency', the first syllable 'pre' is pronounced with the most force, hence it has the primary stress.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

According to the novel, which of these characters had a nasty experience on the account of using social media?

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Salim had a nasty experience using social media

From the options lettered A-D, choose the option that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word.

My father is parsimonious.

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My father is parsimonious means that he is someone who is very careful with his money and does not like to spend it unnecessarily. To find the option that is most nearly opposite in meaning, we need to look for a word that describes someone who is NOT careful with their money and is generous in spending it. The option that best fits this description is "generous". Being generous means being willing to give or share one's resources with others without hesitation or reluctance. It is the opposite of being parsimonious which implies being stingy or reluctant to spend. Therefore, the correct answer is "generous."

In this question, choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word or phrase.

In this question, choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word or phrase.

It is inconceivable that the cat devoured the cat.

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The word "inconceivable" means something that is impossible to believe or imagine. The opposite of "inconceivable" would be something that is possible to believe or imagine. "unimagineable" and "incomprehensible" suggest something similar to "inconceivable" and are not the opposite. "contestable" means something that can be argued or disputed, which is not opposite to "inconceivable". "credible" means something that is believable and can be trusted, which is opposite in meaning to "inconceivable". So, the opposite of "inconceivable" is "credible".

The passage below has gaps. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

PASSAGE IV

With the most profound respect to the members of the Senate, I do not think that it is within the competence of that ...1... body to pass a motion to ...2... the executive action of the President. The Senate is ...3... of the National Assembly. But it is not by itself alone the National Assembly. One can imagine the confusion, which would be created if the ...4... were to take a view diametrically opposed to that reflected in the Senate resolution. The strongest objection to the action of the Senate in passing the resolution is the fact that it constituted itself the ...5... as well as the judge of the constitutionality of the action of the President. The function of the Senate is to ...6... laws. But the Senate has no authority or ...7... to control the President in the exercise of his ...8... powers. It cannot by a mere resolution or motion give any directive to the President regarding the exercise of his powers nor can it undo what the President has done in the exercise of those powers. The only way in which the exercise of the powers of the President can be ...9... is by ...10... of the National Assembly.
Adapted from The Guardian of July 8, 1999, p. 8.

...3...

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This best suits.

Choose the appropriate stress pattern from the options.The stressed words are in capital letter(s)
Fluency

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In English pronunciation, stress is placed on one syllable in a word. The word 'Fluency' is pronounced with stress on the first syllable, therefore the correct stress pattern is 'FLU-en-cy'.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Whose reticent nature while growing up earned him the title: "The quiet one".?

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Talle was regarded as the quiet one while growing

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s)

Repugnant rules in the society should be repealed.

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In this context, the word "repugnant" means something that is very disagreeable or offensive. We can choose the option that is nearest in meaning to "repugnant" by looking for a word that conveys a similar idea.
- "Enacted" means to make a law or rule, so it does not have the same meaning as "repugnant." - "Exemplary" means to serve as a good example or model, which is also different in meaning from "repugnant." - "Abhorrent" means causing a feeling of disgust or hatred, which is very similar to "repugnant." It captures the idea of something being offensive or disagreeable. - "Justified" means having a valid reason or excuse, which is not the same meaning as "repugnant."
Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to "repugnant" is "abhorrent."

Use the passage to answer the questions below
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The victory of the small Greek democracy of Athens over the mighty Persian Empire was furious because Athens had interceded for the other Greek city-states in revolt against Persian domination. In anger, the king sent an enormous army to defeat Athens. He thought it would take drastic steps to pacify the rebellious part of the empire.

Persia was ruled by one man. In Athens, however, all citiens helped to rule. Emboldened by this participation, Athenians were prepared to die for their city-state. Perhaps this was the secret of the remarkable victory at the marathon, the Persians tried to fool some Greek city-states by claiming to have come in peace. The frightened city of Delos refused to believe this. Not wanting to abet the conquest of Greece, they fled from their city and did not return until the Persians had left. They were wise, for the president next conquered the city of Eritrea and captured its people.

Tiny Athens stood alone against Persia. The Athenian people to their sanctuaries. There they prayed for deliverance. They asked their gods to expedite their victory. The Athenians refurbished their weapons and moved to the plan of Marathon where their little band would meet the Persians. At the last moment, soldiers from Plataea reinforced the Athenian troops.

The Athenian army attacked and Greek citizens fought bravely. The power of the mighty Persians was offset by the love that the Athenians had for their city. Athenians defeated the Persians in both archery and combat. Greek soldiers seized Persian sheep and burned them and the Persians fled in terror. Herodotus, a famous historian, reports that 6400 Persians died, compared to only 192 Athenians.

Athens had _________ the Greek-states against Persians.

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Athens had intervened on behalf of the Greek-states against the Persians.

When the Persian Empire launched invasions against the Greek city-states in the 5th century BCE, Athens played a significant role in defending the Greeks. The Athenians, led by their renowned statesman Themistocles, recognized the threat posed by the Persian forces and took action to unite the Greek city-states against this common enemy.

Athens intervened on behalf of the Greek-states by organizing a naval alliance called the Delian League. This league consisted of numerous Greek city-states, with Athens assuming a leading role due to its strong navy and political influence.

With the formation of the Delian League, Athens coordinated military efforts and provided financial, logistical, and strategic support to the allied Greek city-states. They used the resources of the league to build a powerful navy, which played a crucial role in defeating the Persians in key battles such as the Battle of Salamis.

By intervening on behalf of the Greek-states, Athens demonstrated its commitment to defending Greek freedom and autonomy. They recognized the importance of unity in the face of a powerful external threat and took decisive action to protect their shared interests.

Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.

What I told you is the gospel truth. This means that the information is

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The phrase "gospel truth" is often used to emphasize that the information being conveyed is completely true and reliable. It implies that there is no doubt or room for error in the information being shared. Therefore, the most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "What I told you is the gospel truth" is that the information is completely true.

In this question, identify the word that has the stress on the first syllable.

Awọn alaye Idahun

reSIST
SALon
conFIRM
inTACT

The coach has asked the Bright Rangers to be paid their --6-- salaries and --7-- so as to --8-- them to victory against Mamelody Sundowns of South Africa in saturday's all importanat CAF Champions leaque Match. Bright Rangers are the third in group B with four points --9-- many matches and need to --10-- defaet at second - placed Al - Ahly to stay in the --11-- for a place in the semi - final of Africa's most prestigious club competition. The Coach told MTN Football.com that the team would be better motivated if they atleast receive their August salaries before the Al - Ahly --12--. We have to make sure that they are paid their salaries --13-- so that they could play the game of their lives. The government has done very well, but it will be a big morale --14-- to get paid for them to go out there and play. The Coach informed MTN Football.com that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter --15-- to get a result in Cario.

--15--

Awọn alaye Idahun

In the context of the sentence, the coach is saying that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter strategy to get a result in Cario. The correct word to fill in the blank is 'Attack'.

From the list of words letter A to D, choose the one that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentence.

Eating fresh fruits and vegetables is beneficial to one's health while eating processed foods is ......

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Eating fresh fruits and vegetables is beneficial to one's health, as they provide essential nutrients and contribute to overall well-being. On the other hand, eating processed foods is harmful. Processed foods usually undergo various processes such as refining, adding preservatives, and artificial flavorings, which can strip them of their nutritional value. These types of food are often high in unhealthy fats, sugar, and sodium, which can lead to negative health effects such as weight gain, high blood pressure, and increased risk of chronic diseases like heart disease and diabetes. Therefore, the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "beneficial" and correctly fills the gap in the sentence is "harmful." Processed foods are harmful to our health, contrasting with the positive effects of eating fresh fruits and vegetables.

From the words lettered A to D below, choose the word or group of words that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word as it is used in the passage.

Mr. Brown is often described as an astute businessman

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In this context, the underlined word "astute" means having good judgment and being clever in business matters. The word that is nearest in meaning to "astute" is "shrewd". A shrewd businessman is someone who is intelligent, perceptive, and can make wise decisions.

From the options lettered A-D, choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.

I have an aversion for war movies.

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Aversion in this context refers to a strong dislike or distaste for something. It means that the person has a negative feeling towards war movies and does not enjoy watching them. This is different from addiction, which refers to a strong dependency on something, and preference, which relates to having a liking or favor for something. Bitterness, on the other hand, describes a feeling of resentment or anger. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to aversion in this context is dislike.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence.
The abeyance of school activities last semester was a reason for concern.

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The underlined word in the sentence is "abeyance", which means a temporary suspension or halt. We are looking for the word that is opposite in meaning to "abeyance".
The opposite of "abeyance" would be "continuance". "Continuance" means the act of continuing or the state of being continued. So, if school activities were in "abeyance", it means they were temporarily suspended or halted. Therefore, the opposite scenario would be if school activities were in "continuance", which means they were continuing without any interruption.
To understand it better, imagine a situation where school activities were temporarily suspended last semester. This suspension created concern among the people. On the other hand, if school activities were in continuance, it means they were carrying on as usual without any breaks or pauses and this would not cause concern.
Therefore, the option opposite in meaning to "abeyance" is continuance.

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s)
In Nigeria, it is a crime to plagiarize someone else's work.

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The option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word "plagiarize" is "pirate".
Explanation: Plagiarize means to copy or use someone else's work, ideas, or words without giving them proper credit. It is considered a crime because it involves stealing someone else's intellectual property.
The word "pirate" has a similar meaning in this context. When referring to intellectual property, "pirating" refers to the unauthorized copying or use of someone else's work, such as music, movies, or software. Similarly to plagiarism, pirating is also considered illegal because it involves the theft of someone else's creative work.

The prisoner finally ........ that he drank to ........ on the night he committed the murder

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The correct answer to the question is: "The prisoner finally conceded that he drank to excess on the night he committed the murder."
In this context, "conceded" means that the prisoner finally admitted or accepted the truth. "Drank to excess" means that the prisoner consumed a larger amount of alcohol than what is considered normal or healthy.
So, the prisoner admitted that he drank too much on the night he committed the murder.

Use the passage to answer the questions below
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The victory of the small Greek democracy of Athens over the mighty Persian Empire was furious because Athens had interceded for the other Greek city-states in revolt against Persian domination. In anger, the king sent an enormous army to defeat Athens. He thought it would take drastic steps to pacify the rebellious part of the empire.

Persia was ruled by one man. In Athens, however, all citiens helped to rule. Emboldened by this participation, Athenians were prepared to die for their city-state. Perhaps this was the secret of the remarkable victory at the marathon, the Persians tried to fool some Greek city-states by claiming to have come in peace. The frightened city of Delos refused to believe this. Not wanting to abet the conquest of Greece, they fled from their city and did not return until the Persians had left. They were wise, for the president next conquered the city of Eritrea and captured its people.

Tiny Athens stood alone against Persia. The Athenian people to their sanctuaries. There they prayed for deliverance. They asked their gods to expedite their victory. The Athenians refurbished their weapons and moved to the plan of Marathon where their little band would meet the Persians. At the last moment, soldiers from Plataea reinforced the Athenian troops.

The Athenian army attacked and Greek citizens fought bravely. The power of the mighty Persians was offset by the love that the Athenians had for their city. Athenians defeated the Persians in both archery and combat. Greek soldiers seized Persian sheep and burned them and the Persians fled in terror. Herodotus, a famous historian, reports that 6400 Persians died, compared to only 192 Athenians.

The Athenians were__________ by some soldiers who arrived at Plataea

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In the context of the passage, the Athenians were 'strengthened' by some soldiers who arrived at Plataea. This is because the soldiers from Plataea reinforced the Athenian troops, providing them with additional strength and support in their battle against the Persians.

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word in each sentence.
During the maths test, some students got an approximate score of 20.

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In the given sentence, the word "approximate" means an estimation or rough calculation. To find the option that is opposite in meaning, we need to look for a word that refers to an exact or accurate score.
Among the given options, the word that is opposite in meaning to "approximate" is "a precise" score. A precise score means an accurate and exact measurement.
Option opposite in meaning: a precise

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Bint was encouraged to take French at the primary level because _____

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Bint was encouraged to take French at the primary level because **her parents believed that language acquisition at an early age is relatively easy**.
At a young age, children have a greater capacity for language learning due to their developing brains and ability to absorb and process information more effectively. By introducing French to Bint at the primary level, her parents believed that she would have a better chance of grasping the language and becoming fluent in it.
The idea behind encouraging language learning at an early age is that young children are like sponges, capable of effortlessly picking up new languages and mastering their intricacies. With consistent exposure and practice, they can develop strong linguistic skills. This is why Bint's parents wanted her to start learning French early on.
By gaining proficiency in French, Bint would have an added advantage in her future endeavors. She would be able to communicate effectively with French-speaking individuals, whether it be for academic, professional, or personal reasons. Additionally, knowing French could open up exciting opportunities for her, such as studying or working abroad in France.
While the option "she would want to be a French mistress when she grows up" may seem like a possible reason, it is not mentioned in the question as a motivation for Bint's parents. Therefore, the correct answer is that Bint was encouraged to take French at the primary level because **her parents believed that language acquisition at an early age is relatively easy**.

Choose the word that has the same rhyme scheme.

sweet

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The word that has the same rhyme scheme as "sweet" is "suite". Both words have the same ending sound of "-eet", making them rhyme with each other. The other words "twice", "sweat", and "suit" do not have the same ending sound, so they do not share the same rhyme scheme with "sweet".

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that has the same consonant sound(s) as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined below.

Pin

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The consonant sound represented by 'P' in 'Pin' is the same as in 'Pragmatic'. In English phonetics, the 'P' in 'Pin' and 'Pragmatic' is a voiceless bilabial plosive, represented as /p/.

In the following question, choose the option that best completes the sentence.
The guest would have arrived earlier but he was _______ in traffic.

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The best option that completes the sentence is "held up". When we say someone is "held up", it means that they are delayed or prevented from progressing or arriving at a certain place. In this context, the guest would have arrived earlier but their progress was delayed because of traffic.
To further explain, imagine a situation where the guest was driving to their destination but encountered heavy traffic along the way. This traffic caused a delay and prevented the guest from reaching their destination on time. Therefore, the correct option is "held up".
The other options can be eliminated because they do not convey the same meaning as "held up". "Held down" means to restrain or keep someone or something in a lower position, which does not fit the context of someone being delayed in traffic. "Held about" does not have a commonly understood meaning in this context. "Held off" means to postpone or delay something, but it does not specifically refer to a person being delayed in traffic. Therefore, "held up" is the most appropriate option for completing the sentence.
It is important to analyze the word choices in the options and understand their meanings in order to determine the correct answer.

Choose the word which has the same consonant sounds as the underlined letter(s)
pleasure

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The underlined letter(s) in the word 'pleasure' is 's'. The consonant sound of 's' in 'pleasure' is /ʒ/ (as in 'vision'). Among the options, the word 'seizure' has the same consonant sound /ʒ/.

Choose the word that has the same vowel sound as the underlined letter(s)
Children are not allowed in the park ...... dark.

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The word that has the same vowel sound as the underlined letter(s) in "dark" is "after". The reason is that both "dark" and "after" have the same vowel sound, which is pronounced as /ɑː/. In contrast, the other options (at, over, in) have different vowel sounds.

Read the passage carefully and answer this question.

May your road be rough. I am not cursing you: I am wishing you what I wish myself every year, I therefore repeat, may you have a hard time this year. May there be troubles for you this year. If you are not sure of what to say back, why not just say "same to you" – I ask for no more.

Our successes are conditioned by the amount of risk we are about to take. Earlier today, I visited a local farmer about five kilometers from where I live. He could not have been 55, but he said he was already too old to farm vigorously. He still suffered, he said, from the energy he displayed as a farmer in his younger days. Around his hut were two pepperbushes. There were cocoyam growing around him. There were snail shells which had given him meat. There must have been more snails around the banana trees than I saw. He hardly ever went to town to buy things. He was self-sufficient. The car, the television or radio and the newspaper were things he could live without. He had no ambition whatsoever, he told me.

I am not sure if you are already envious of him, but were we all to revert to such a life, we would be driven back like aimless sheep to cave dwelling. On the other hand, try to put yourself in the shoes of the Russian or American astronauts. Any moment you are shot into space, you have to be mentally alert, else, if you forget what to do, one of the things that might happen to you is that you could forever become a satellite going round until you die of starvation, and even then, your dead body would continue the gyration.

Naturally, they may have some slight foreboding on the contingency of their non-return. However, it is their courage for going in spite of these apprehensions that makes the world hail them so loudly today.
(Akinyemi, A., Olupe, F., & Adetutu, S. (2012): Rubrics of English Language for Schools and Colleges. Divine Glory Printers, Abeokuta.)

The farmer in the passage ......

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The farmer in the passage is described as someone who used to be self-sufficient. He lives a simple life and does not rely on modern conveniences such as cars, television, or newspapers. He grows his own food, including cocoyam and peppers, and even collects snails for meat. Despite his old age, he still remembers the energy he had as a farmer in his younger days. The passage does not mention anything about the farmer having dreams to expand his farm or being envied more than astronauts. Therefore, the correct answer is : used to be self-sufficient.

Choose the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word(s)
After thousands of years of existing, elephants still remain extant.

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The word "extant" in this context means that elephants still continue to exist after thousands of years. It implies that they have not become extinct or disappeared. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to "extant" is "enduring". This is because enduring means to continue to exist or last for a long time without significant damage or change. Elephants have endured and continue to exist for thousands of years.

The coach has asked the Bright Rangers to be paid their --6-- salaries and --7-- so as to --8-- them to victory against Mamelody Sundowns of South Africa in saturday's all importanat CAF Champions leaque Match. Bright Rangers are the third in group B with four points --9-- many matches and need to --10-- defaet at second - placed Al - Ahly to stay in the --11-- for a place in the semi - final of Africa's most prestigious club competition. The Coach told MTN Football.com that the team would be better motivated if they atleast receive their August salaries before the Al - Ahly --12--. We have to make sure that they are paid their salaries --13-- so that they could play the game of their lives. The government has done very well, but it will be a big morale --14-- to get paid for them to go out there and play. The Coach informed MTN Football.com that the Bright Rangers plan to employ the counter --15-- to get a result in Cario.

 --10--

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The correct answer is - avoid.

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

What were Ummi's children waiting for when Bint narrates her encounter with Mr. Salihu?

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In this question, choose the option that best completes the gap(s).

The proprietor of our school with his administrator ------------ expected yesterday.

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The correct option to complete the sentence is "was". In this sentence, we are referring to a singular subject "the proprietor of our school" and his administrator. Since "the proprietor" is a singular noun, the correct form of the verb to use is the singular form "was". Therefore, the correct statement is: "The proprietor of our school with his administrator was expected yesterday."

This question is based on "The Life Changer" novel.

Why was it a double celebration for Ummi and members of her community when she gained admission into the university?

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The passage below has gaps. Immediately following each gap, four options are provided. Choose the most appropriate option for each gap.

PASSAGE IV

With the most profound respect to the members of the Senate, I do not think that it is within the competence of that ...1... body to pass a motion to ...2... the executive action of the President. The Senate is ...3... of the National Assembly. But it is not by itself alone the National Assembly. One can imagine the confusion, which would be created if the ...4... were to take a view diametrically opposed to that reflected in the Senate resolution. The strongest objection to the action of the Senate in passing the resolution is the fact that it constituted itself the ...5... as well as the judge of the constitutionality of the action of the President. The function of the Senate is to ...6... laws. But the Senate has no authority or ...7... to control the President in the exercise of his ...8... powers. It cannot by a mere resolution or motion give any directive to the President regarding the exercise of his powers nor can it undo what the President has done in the exercise of those powers. The only way in which the exercise of the powers of the President can be ...9... is by ...10... of the National Assembly.
Adapted from The Guardian of July 8, 1999, p. 8.

...6...

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The word that best fits in the gap is "enact".
The passage states that the function of the Senate is to **enact** laws. This means that the Senate's role is to create or establish laws. They have the power to propose, debate, and pass laws. Therefore, the Senate's main responsibility is to enact laws, not to pass motions or resolutions to control the executive actions of the President.