Two or more ions are said to be isoelectronic if they have the same electronic structure and the same number of valence electrons. Na+ = 10 electrons = 2, 8 Mg2+ = 10 electrons = 2,8 O2− = 10 electrons = 2,8 Si2+ = 12 electrons = 2,8,2 ⟹ Si2+ is not isoelectronic with the rest.