A permanent memory, which has data and instruction to start up the computer and does not erase data after power off.
Answer Details
The permanent memory that has data and instructions to start up the computer and does not erase data after power off is called ROM (Read-Only Memory).
ROM is a type of computer memory that is pre-programmed with data and instructions during manufacturing. This means that once the data and instructions are written into ROM, they cannot be changed or erased, hence the name "read-only".
When you turn on your computer, the CPU (central processing unit) looks to the ROM for the instructions on how to boot up the computer. These instructions include basic input/output system (BIOS) code that checks the hardware components to make sure they are working properly, and then loads the operating system from the hard drive or another storage device.
The data and instructions stored in ROM are not affected by power outages or restarts, meaning that they are retained even when the computer is turned off. This is why ROM is called non-volatile memory.
In summary, ROM is a type of permanent memory that contains data and instructions to start up a computer and does not lose this information when the computer is turned off.