JAMB UTME - Geography - 2018

Which of the following countries has the least potential for the production of steel?

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Among the options given, Cuba has the least potential for the production of steel. Cuba is a small island country in the Caribbean with a limited supply of natural resources, including iron ore and coal, which are essential raw materials for steel production. Cuba's iron reserves are low-quality and require significant processing to be suitable for steelmaking. Additionally, Cuba has limited access to modern steelmaking technology and expertise, which further restricts its potential for steel production. On the other hand, India, Japan, and Germany have significant potential for steel production. India is one of the world's largest producers of steel, with abundant iron ore reserves and a highly skilled workforce. Japan and Germany are also major players in the global steel industry, with advanced technology and ample access to raw materials.

The ocean that connects Europe and America is the__________

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The ocean that connects Europe and America is the Atlantic Ocean. The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean in the world, after the Pacific Ocean. It covers an area of about 106 million square kilometers and is bordered by Europe and Africa to the east, and by North and South America to the west. The Atlantic Ocean is important for global trade, as it provides a shipping route between Europe and America, and also plays a major role in the Earth's climate system.

Study the map and answer the question. The land-form feature at the centre of the map can best be described as

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One basic mineral that is common to Sokoto, Ewekoro, Calabar and Nkalagu is

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The basic mineral that is common to Sokoto, Ewekoro, Calabar, and Nkalagu is limestone. Limestone is a sedimentary rock that is composed mainly of calcium carbonate, which is a mineral that is commonly found in the Earth's crust. It is a very versatile mineral that has a wide range of applications, including in the construction industry, as a raw material for cement production, and in agriculture as a soil conditioner. Sokoto, Ewekoro, Calabar, and Nkalagu are all regions in Nigeria that have abundant deposits of limestone. The limestone in these areas is of high quality and is a significant source of revenue for the local economy. It is usually mined from quarries and then processed into various forms for its different uses. Therefore, the basic mineral that is common to all these areas is limestone, which is an essential raw material for various industries and is vital for economic growth and development.

A form of chemical weathering is__________

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The form of chemical weathering is carbonation. Carbonation is a type of chemical weathering that occurs when carbon dioxide from the air reacts with minerals in rocks to form new compounds. This reaction causes the minerals in the rock to dissolve and the rock to become weaker and eventually break down into smaller pieces. This process is important in the formation of soil, as it helps break down rocks and minerals into smaller particles that can be easily transported and mixed into the soil.

Organic components of the soil include all the following except_______

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The organic components of the soil include microorganisms, humus, and animal remains. The correct answer, therefore, is "rock pedestal." Rock pedestal, also known as bedrock, is a non-organic component of the soil. It is the solid, underlying layer of rock that makes up the Earth's crust. Bedrock does not contain any organic material, and it does not contribute to the fertility of the soil. On the other hand, the organic components of soil are essential for healthy plant growth. Microorganisms break down organic matter into nutrients that plants can absorb, while humus provides a rich source of nutrients for plant growth. Animal remains, such as dead insects or animal waste, can also provide organic material for the soil. In summary, while microorganisms, humus, and animal remains are all examples of organic components of soil, rock pedestal is a non-organic component and does not contribute to the fertility of the soil.

All the following are examples of intrusive volcanic features except____________

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Intrusive vulcanicity involves the solidification of molten magma within the earth's crust

Study the map and answer the question. The Area covered by the map is approximately

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A river transport its load through the following processes except_________

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The river transports its load through three main processes: solution, traction, and suspension. Plucking is not a process by which a river transports its load. Solution is the process by which the river dissolves soluble minerals such as calcium and transports them in solution. Traction is the process by which larger and heavier particles such as boulders and pebbles are rolled or dragged along the riverbed. Suspension is the process by which smaller and lighter particles such as silt and clay are carried along in the flowing water. Plucking, on the other hand, is a process by which glaciers transport their load. It occurs when the glacier freezes onto rocks and then plucks them out as the glacier moves. This process is not applicable to rivers as they do not have the capability to freeze onto rocks and pluck them out.

Soil conservation can be achieved through___________-

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Soil conservation is the preventing of soil loss from erosion or reduced fertility caused by over usage, acidification, salinization or other chemical soil contamination

The lack of access to food in some parts of the world emanates from

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An instrument used for setting out right angle in surveying a parcel of land is

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Surveying or land surveying is the technique, profession, and science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them

Use the information given in the chart and answer the question. If the total population of the city is 500,000 what is the population of ward 4?

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Use the diagram below to answer the question. The feature is one of the landforms associated with

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The feature in the diagram is a sand dune, which is a landform associated with wind deposition. Sand dunes are formed when wind carries sand particles and deposits them in a particular location, creating a mound of sand. Over time, as the wind continues to blow, the sand dune may shift or change in shape. Sand dunes can be found in deserts, on beaches, and in other areas with high wind activity.

Use the map below to answer the question. The most important minerals found in the area marked X are

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One of the leading industrial nations of the world ranking second in manufacturing output after the USA is__________

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Manufacturing industry in Japan is the most diversified with various advanced industries which are exceedingly successful. Japan's major export industries includes automobiles, consumer electronics, computers, semiconductors, and iron and steel. Additionally, key industries in Japan's economy are mining, nonferrous metals, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, bioindustry, shipbuilding, aerospace, textiles, and processed foods

The earth is enveloped by a mixture of gases referred to as the___________

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The answer is "atmosphere". The atmosphere is the layer of gases that surrounds the Earth. It is made up of a mixture of gases, including nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. The atmosphere protects the Earth from the harmful radiation from the sun and helps to regulate the temperature of the planet. It is divided into several layers, including the troposphere (where weather occurs) and the stratosphere (where the ozone layer is located). The atmosphere is essential for life on Earth, as it provides the air we breathe and plays a crucial role in the Earth's water cycle.

The two most important factors which account for the pattern of population distribution in West Africa are

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Physical conditions determine the population distribution in Africa. The topography of an area, how favourable it is determine population distribution. People tend to move from a place to another if the condition is not favourable. Nomads for example move their cattles around for pastures to graze.

The plains formed when the slopes of mountains are worn back in arid and semi-arid regions my mechanical weathering is called_______

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The plains formed when the slopes of mountains are worn back in arid and semi-arid regions by mechanical weathering is called "Pediplains". Pediplains are a type of plain that form as a result of the gradual erosion and weathering of mountains and hills. They typically occur in arid and semi-arid regions where there is little vegetation to protect the land from erosion. Over time, as the wind, rain, and other natural forces wear away at the mountain slopes, sediment is carried downhill and deposited on the surrounding plain. This sediment can be made up of rocks, sand, and soil, and can create a relatively flat and gently sloping plain that extends out from the base of the mountain. Unlike other types of plains, such as alluvial plains or outwash plains, which are formed by water deposition, pediplains are formed by the mechanical weathering and erosion of rock and soil. They are typically found in regions where there is little precipitation and where the climate is dry and hot, which can help to speed up the weathering process.

One of the following does not determine the availability of resources in a country____________

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Evolution does not determine the availability of resources in a country. Evolution refers to the gradual changes in species over time through the process of natural selection. It has no direct effect on the availability of resources in a country. Population, emigration, and morbidity, on the other hand, can influence the availability of resources in a country. A large population can lead to increased demand for resources, while emigration can decrease the number of people using those resources. Morbidity, or the rate of illness and disease in a population, can also impact the availability of resources, as a large portion of the population may require medical attention and resources.

Study the map and answer the question. Intervisibility is possible between the points marked X and Y because the intervening slope is

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Study the table given which shows the mean climatic conditions of station Q and answer the questions.

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The annual temperature range at station Q is calculated as the difference between the highest and the lowest temperature recorded in a year. The highest temperature recorded at the station in the given table is 19°C and the lowest temperature recorded is -11°C. Hence, the annual temperature range at the station Q is 19°C - (-11°C) = 30°C. So, the answer is 30°C.

The greatest volcanic regions of Africa are found in

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The greatest volcanic regions of Africa are found in two main areas: Kenya and Tanzania, and Sudan and Ethiopia. In Kenya and Tanzania, the Great Rift Valley runs through the region and is home to some of the most iconic volcanic features on the continent. The valley is characterized by a series of interconnected volcanoes, hot springs, geysers, and lakes. The most famous volcanic peaks in the area are Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Kenya, and Mount Meru. In Sudan and Ethiopia, the East African Rift Valley also runs through the region and is another hotspot for volcanic activity. The valley is home to a number of active and dormant volcanoes, including Erta Ale, Nyiragongo, and Mount Karthala. In addition, the region is known for its geothermal activity, with numerous hot springs and geysers dotting the landscape. Both of these regions are characterized by their tectonic activity, with the movement of the Earth's crust leading to the formation of rift valleys, which in turn create the conditions for volcanic activity. The result is a stunning and unique landscape that draws visitors from all over the world.

In which of the following countries is cotton growing under irrigation the mainstay of the agricultural economy?

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Cotton growing under irrigation is the mainstay of the agricultural economy in Sudan. Sudan is one of the largest producers of cotton in Africa and the world, and cotton farming is a major part of its agricultural economy. The country has a long history of growing cotton, with the industry dating back to the early 20th century. Cotton farming in Sudan is mainly done under irrigation due to the arid climate in most parts of the country. The irrigated areas for cotton farming are mainly found in the central and eastern regions of the country, such as the Gezira Scheme, which is one of the largest irrigation projects in the world. Cotton is a major export commodity for Sudan, and the industry employs a significant portion of the country's population. The government has made efforts to promote and support the cotton industry, with initiatives such as providing subsidies to farmers and investing in research and development to improve cotton production and quality. In summary, cotton growing under irrigation is the mainstay of the agricultural economy in Sudan, due to its favorable climate for cotton farming, long history of cotton production, and significant export earnings from the cotton industry.

What commodity is associated with OPEC?

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How long does it take the mercury to make a complete revolution?

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The answer is 88 days. Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun, and it orbits around the Sun at a very fast pace. It takes approximately 88 Earth days for Mercury to make one complete orbit around the Sun. This means that Mercury completes about 4 orbits in the time it takes Earth to complete 1 orbit. Because of its fast orbit and close proximity to the Sun, Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations, with temperatures ranging from over 800 degrees Fahrenheit during the day to -290 degrees Fahrenheit at night.

Use the information given in the chart and answer the question. An alternative graphic method that can be used to depict the same information is the

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In which of the following rock types is petroleum mainly found?

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Petroleum is mainly found in sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediments, which can include organic matter such as dead plants and animals. Over time, this organic matter can become buried and subjected to heat and pressure, which can transform it into petroleum through a process called diagenesis. Petroleum is a fossil fuel that is composed of hydrocarbons, which are molecules made up of carbon and hydrogen atoms. The organic matter in sedimentary rocks that forms petroleum is usually derived from marine plants and animals that died and sank to the bottom of the ocean. Over time, these organic remains can be buried by layers of sediment, and the heat and pressure from the overlying rocks can cause them to be transformed into petroleum. While it is possible for petroleum to be found in other types of rocks, such as metamorphic rocks that have undergone extreme heat and pressure, sedimentary rocks are by far the most common type of rock that contains petroleum. This is because the process of petroleum formation requires the accumulation and burial of organic matter, which is most likely to occur in sedimentary environments such as oceans, lakes, and swamps.

If the distance between two places on a map is 2cm, while the distance on land is 4km, the scale of the map is

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The scale of a map is the ratio of the distance on the map to the actual distance on land. It is usually written as a fraction, like 1:100,000, where the first number represents the distance on the map and the second number represents the corresponding distance on land. To find the scale of the map in question, we need to divide the actual distance on land (4km) by the distance on the map (2cm). First, we need to convert 4 km to cm: 4 km = 4 x 10^3 m = 4 x 10^3 x 100 cm = 4 x 10^5 cm Now, we divide the actual distance on land (4 x 10^5 cm) by the distance on the map (2 cm): (4 x 10^5 cm) / (2 cm) = 2 x 10^5 So the scale of the map is 1 : 2 x 10^5, which is equivalent to 1:200,000.

Lines joining places of equal sunshine duration on maps are__________

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The lines joining places of equal sunshine duration on maps are called Isohel. Isohel is a type of contour line that connects all the points on a map that receive the same amount of sunlight in a given period, usually a day or a year. These lines are similar to contour lines on a topographic map that connect points of equal elevation. Isohels are used to show areas with similar amounts of sunshine and can be used to analyze patterns in climate and weather. For example, isohel maps can help identify areas with higher or lower amounts of sunlight and help to plan agriculture, solar power generation, and other activities that depend on sunlight.

The feature is one or the land forms associated with_________

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The feature associated with river erosion is valleys. River erosion occurs when a river's fast-moving water cuts into its riverbed and banks, causing the river to widen and deepen over time. This process creates steep-sided valleys that are wider at the bottom than at the top. The riverbed and banks are constantly being reshaped by the erosive forces of the water, which carry away sediment and rocks. Over time, the river's course may change as it continues to erode and deposit material, carving new valleys and leaving behind a signature of its past path in the form of terraces.

'It is a port that specializes in receiving and redistributing goods to the neighboring countries'. Which of the following ports is described in the preceding statement?

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The port described in the statement is an Entrepôt. An entrepôt is a port or a place where goods are stored temporarily before being re-exported to other countries. It acts as a distribution center for goods, receiving them from one place and then redistributing them to other places. A ferry port is a place where ferries arrive and depart, carrying passengers and vehicles across bodies of water. An outport is a smaller port that is located away from the main port and is usually used for loading and unloading goods. A river port is a port located on a river and is used for loading and unloading goods and passengers along the river.

The difference between high tide and low tide is referred to as__________

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The difference between high tide and low tide is referred to as "tidal range". Tidal range is the vertical distance between the highest water level of a high tide and the lowest water level of a low tide. In other words, it is the difference in height between the highest and lowest water levels during a tidal cycle. Tidal range can vary depending on the location, the phase of the moon, and other factors such as weather conditions. It is an important measurement for activities such as boating, fishing, and coastal engineering, as well as for understanding and predicting the effects of sea level changes on coastlines.

If the time at the Greenwich Meridian is 11.00am, what would the local time be at a place 750W?

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Time at GMT is 11am, 150 = 1 hour, 750 gives us 5 hours

  The West looses, therefore

  11am - 5hours = 6:00am.

  Option D is the right answer, all other options are wrong

The peeling off of surface layers of a rounded boulders during mechanical weathering is called________

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The peeling off of surface layers of a rounded boulder during mechanical weathering is called exfoliation. Exfoliation is a type of mechanical weathering process that occurs when layers of rock or boulder peel off from the surface due to pressure release. The process usually occurs in rocks that have been exposed to intense heat, pressure, and other environmental factors for a long time. As a result of these factors, the rock expands and contracts repeatedly, causing the surface layers to crack and break apart. Over time, these cracks become wider, and the layers begin to peel off, revealing the smooth and rounded boulder underneath. Exfoliation is often seen in granitic rocks, where the outer layers peel off to form concentric layers resembling an onion. The process can also occur in other rock types such as sandstone and shale. Overall, exfoliation is an important geological process that contributes to the breakdown and erosion of rocks over time, shaping the landscape around us.

The dominant foreign exchange earner of Senegal is

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The dominant foreign exchange earner of Senegal is groundnut. Groundnut, also known as peanut, is one of the main agricultural crops grown in Senegal. It is a versatile crop that can be used for food, oil, and animal feed. Groundnuts are an important source of income for many farmers in Senegal, and the country is one of the largest producers of groundnuts in Africa. The export of groundnuts is a significant source of foreign exchange for Senegal. The country exports groundnuts to various international markets, including Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. In addition to groundnuts, Senegal also exports other agricultural products such as fish, fruits, and vegetables, as well as textiles and chemicals. However, groundnuts remain the main foreign exchange earner for the country.

British foreign investments are concentrated in

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The commonwealth of nations, known as commonwealth is an inter governmental organisation of 53 member States that are mostly former territories of the British empire

Which of the following winds affects the West Indian Islands of the Caribbean?

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Wind is the perceptible natural movement of the air, especially in the form of a current of air blowing from a particular direction

Study the map and answer the question. Given that the area show on the map is in Northern Nigeria, which of the following crop combinations would best be cultivated in the area that is liable to flooding

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Which of the following is not a form of mass movement?

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The answer is "earthquake" as it is not a form of mass movement. Mass movement refers to the process by which large amounts of soil, rock, and other debris move down a slope under the influence of gravity. Landslides, rockslides, and talus creep are all examples of mass movement. An earthquake, on the other hand, is a sudden shaking of the earth's surface caused by the movement of tectonic plates. While earthquakes can cause landslides and other types of mass movement, the earthquake itself is not a form of mass movement. Instead, it is a geological event that can trigger mass movement in the surrounding area.