WAEC SSCE - Biology - 2000 (Objective)

Question 1 Report

The organs constantly in touch with the liver are

pancreas, colon and caecum

duodenum and stomach

illeum, stomach and colon

stomach and gall bladder

Answer Details

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Question 2 Report

Each neurone consists of the following structures' except

cell body

dendrites

axon

white matter

Answer Details

The statement is: "Each neurone consists of the following structures except?" The correct answer is "white matter". White matter is not a structure within a neuron. It refers to the tissue composed of nerve fibers (axons) in the central nervous system that are covered in myelin, which gives it a white appearance. A neuron, also known as a nerve cell, consists of three main structures: the cell body, dendrites, and axon. The cell body, or soma, contains the nucleus and other organelles necessary for the neuron to function. Dendrites are short, branching extensions that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them towards the cell body. The axon is a long extension that carries electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles. Therefore, the incorrect statement is "white matter".

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Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

Spirogyra And Rhizopus

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Question 3 Report

Which of the labelled structures in the diagram are involved with the entry of carbondioxide for photosynthesis?

I, II and III only

I, II, III and VI

I, II, V and VI

I, II, III, and IV

Answer Details

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Read lesson note on The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes (WAEC)

Adaptive Colouration

Cell Structure

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 4 Report

The nerves that arise from the brain are known as

spinal nerves

sacral nerves

cranial nerves

optic nerves

Answer Details

The nerves that arise from the brain are called cranial nerves. These are a set of twelve paired nerves that emerge directly from the brain and are responsible for transmitting information to and from various parts of the head and neck, including the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and other areas. Each of the twelve cranial nerves has a specific function, such as controlling eye movements, facial expressions, hearing, and taste perception. They play a vital role in sensory and motor functions, allowing us to perceive the world around us and interact with it.

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Nervous Coordination

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Question 5 Report

The presence of a large member of mitochondria in a cell indicates that

it has little cytoplasmic content

the cell is very active

the cell is dormant

the respiration is poor

Answer Details

The presence of a large number of mitochondria in a cell indicates that the cell is very active. Mitochondria are organelles in cells responsible for producing energy through respiration. The more mitochondria a cell has, the more energy it can produce. Therefore, cells with high energy demands, such as muscle cells, have a higher number of mitochondria compared to cells with lower energy demands, such as skin cells. So, the presence of a large number of mitochondria in a cell is an indicator of its high activity level.

Read lesson note on Cell Structure (WAEC)

Cell Structure

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Question 6 Report

Which of these has the most complex level of organization?

Euglena

Hydra

Heart

Virus

Answer Details

The level of organization refers to the degree of complexity in the structure of an organism. Among the options provided, the heart is the most complex in terms of its level of organization. The heart is a vital organ that pumps blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products. It consists of multiple types of tissues such as cardiac muscle, connective tissue, and blood vessels that work together in a coordinated manner to carry out its function. In addition, the heart is also regulated by complex systems such as the nervous system and hormonal system to ensure its proper functioning. In contrast, Euglena and Hydra are both single-celled organisms with simpler structures, and viruses are not even considered living organisms as they do not have cells and cannot carry out life processes on their own. Therefore, the heart, with its complex structure and regulatory mechanisms, has the most complex level of organization among the options provided.

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Question 7 Report

Parasitism can best be defined as an association between two organisms in which

both organisms benefit

one organism gains and the other neither gains nor loses

both organisms suffer some disadvantages

one organism gains and the other loses

Answer Details

Parasitism is a type of relationship between two organisms in which one organism, called the parasite, benefits from the other organism, called the host, by obtaining nutrients, shelter, or other resources at the expense of the host. The host, in contrast, is harmed by the relationship and may suffer from reduced growth, reproduction, or survival. Therefore, in parasitism, one organism gains (parasite) while the other loses (host).

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Symbiotic Interactions Of Plants And Animals

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Question 8 Report

The hydra has two body layers of cells called

ectodermis and enteron

ectodemt and endoderm

endodermis and dermis

epidermis and dermis

Answer Details

The two body layers of cells found in a hydra are the ectoderm and endoderm. The ectoderm is the outer layer of cells, while the endoderm is the inner layer of cells. The ectoderm is responsible for protecting the hydra from its environment, while the endoderm is responsible for digestion and nutrient absorption. These two layers work together to allow the hydra to survive and thrive in its aquatic habitat.

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Question 9 Report

Vitamin C which is water soluble is

cabalamine

pyridoxine

ascorbic acid

riboflavine

Answer Details

Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin that is also known as ascorbic acid. Water-soluble vitamins are those that dissolve in water and are not stored in the body to a significant degree. This means that any excess amounts of vitamin C are excreted in the urine rather than stored for later use. Therefore, it is important to consume vitamin C regularly through dietary sources such as fruits and vegetables. Vitamin C has several important functions in the body, including acting as an antioxidant to protect cells from damage, supporting the immune system, and aiding in the production of collagen, which is important for healthy skin, bones, and connective tissue. A deficiency in vitamin C can lead to a condition known as scurvy, which causes fatigue, weakness, and skin and gum problems. Cabalamine, pyridoxine, and riboflavin are other B vitamins that are not related to vitamin C.

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Question 10 Report

Which of the following groups consists of only micro-nutrients?

Molybdenum, sulphur and copper

Boron, Zinc and Calcium

Manganese, molybdenum and zinc

Magnesium, phosphorus and manganese.

Answer Details

The group that consists of only micro-nutrients is "Manganese, molybdenum and zinc". Micro-nutrients are essential elements required by plants in small quantities for their proper growth and development. Manganese, molybdenum and zinc are all essential micro-nutrients that plants need for various functions such as enzyme activation, photosynthesis, and nitrogen fixation. The other options include at least one macro-nutrient, which is an essential element required in large quantities.

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Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Ecological Management: Tolerance, Minimum And Maximum

Population Studies By Sampling

Nutrition

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Question 11 Report

During blood transfusion, agglutination could be prevented if a patient having blood group O is given blood
from group

Answer Details

During blood transfusion, agglutination can occur if the donor blood group is not compatible with the recipient's blood group. This happens because of the presence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells that can trigger an immune response. Blood group O is considered the universal donor because it lacks the antigens A and B, which means it can be given to individuals with any blood group without causing an immune response. However, a patient with blood group O can only receive blood from a donor with blood group O, as they have antibodies against both antigens A and B, and receiving blood from other groups can cause an immune reaction and agglutination. Therefore, to prevent agglutination, a patient with blood group O should only receive blood from a donor with blood group O.

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Read lesson note on Blood Transfusion (WAEC)

Humans And Environment

Blood Transfusion

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Question 12 Report

Which of the following conditions will cause a decrease in body temperature?

increased metabolism

Shivering

Vasoconstriction of capillaries of the skin

Relaxation of the erector muscles

Answer Details

Relaxation of the erector muscles will cause a decrease in body temperature. These muscles are responsible for the raising of body hairs, which traps a layer of insulating air next to the skin. This layer of air helps to reduce heat loss from the body. When the erector muscles relax, the hairs lie flat, and the insulating layer is lost. This leads to an increase in heat loss from the skin to the environment, resulting in a decrease in body temperature.

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Blood Transfusion

Regulation Of Internal Environment

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Question 13 Report

Which of the following represents Mendel’s second law of inheritance? The factors for two pairs of contrasting
characters are

dependent on each other

on homologous chromosomes

allelomorphic

inherited independently of each other

Answer Details

The statement that represents Mendel's second law of inheritance is "inherited independently of each other." Mendel's second law of inheritance, also known as the law of independent assortment, states that different traits, or factors, are inherited independently of each other. This means that the inheritance of one trait does not influence the inheritance of another trait. Mendel discovered this law by studying pea plants and observing that the inheritance of seed color was independent of the inheritance of seed texture. He found that the factors for these two traits were located on different chromosomes and inherited independently of each other. Therefore, the option "inherited independently of each other" represents Mendel's second law of inheritance, which states that traits are inherited independently and do not influence each other's inheritance. The other options listed do not represent Mendel's second law of inheritance.

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Genetic Terminologies

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Question 14 Report

All the following organelles have membranes except

nucleus

vacuole

cell membrane

cell wall

Answer Details

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Cell Structure

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Question 15 Report

A balanced meal for an adult person may consist of

two pieces of chicken, four balls of bean cake, two eggs and two cups of tea with milk

four slices of bread, one bowl of pap, two oranges and two bananas

four slices of yam and stew, two pieces of beef, one cup of tea with milk and two oranges

a plate of beans, two pieces of meat, two eggs, one cup of tea with milk and two oranges

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Animal Nutrition (WAEC)

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Animal Nutrition

Feeding Habits

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Question 16 Report

The following are useful effect of micro-organisms except

production of vaccines

curing of tobacco

tanning of leather

decay of meat

Answer Details

Microorganisms have many useful effects on human activities, but one of the options listed is not an example of such an effect. Specifically, "decay of meat" is not a useful effect of microorganisms, as it can lead to spoilage and contamination of the meat. In contrast, the other options are all examples of beneficial effects of microorganisms. For example, microorganisms can be used to produce vaccines that help prevent the spread of disease, and they can also be involved in the curing of tobacco and the tanning of leather.

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Read lesson note on Microorganisms Around Us (WAEC)

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

Microorganisms Around Us

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Question 17 Report

Members of the vitamin B complex are

water-soluble

fat-soluble

water insoluble

generally insoluble

Answer Details

Members of the vitamin B complex are water-soluble vitamins. Water-soluble vitamins are those vitamins that dissolve in water and are easily absorbed in the body. They are not stored in large amounts in the body, so excess amounts are eliminated through urine. The B complex vitamins include thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), pantothenic acid (B5), pyridoxine (B6), biotin (B7), folate (B9), and cobalamin (B12). These vitamins play important roles in energy metabolism, nerve function, and DNA synthesis, among other functions. Because they are water-soluble, it is important to consume these vitamins regularly through a balanced diet that includes foods such as whole grains, nuts, seeds, legumes, and leafy green vegetables, as well as fortified cereals and animal products such as meat, fish, and dairy.

Read lesson note on DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription (WAEC)

DNA Structure And Replication, RNA Transcription

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Question 18 Report

Which of the following parts of the eye is sensitive to light?

Retina

Cornea

Choroid layer

Optic nerves

Answer Details

The part of the eye that is sensitive to light is the retina. The retina is a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye that contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. These cells are responsible for converting light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve, where they are interpreted as visual images. The cornea, choroid layer, and optic nerves do not have the same sensitivity to light as the retina. The cornea is the clear outer covering of the eye that helps to focus incoming light, the choroid layer is a layer of tissue that provides oxygen and nutrients to the retina, and the optic nerves are responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain.

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Sense Organs (Nose, Tongue & Skin)

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Question 19 Report

The simplest form of nervous pathway which links receptors with effectors is known as the

relay neuron

reflex arc

motor nerves

sensory nerves

Answer Details

The simplest form of nervous pathway which links receptors with effectors is known as the reflex arc. The reflex arc is responsible for reflex actions, which are automatic, involuntary responses to a particular stimulus. When a stimulus is detected by sensory receptors, the impulse travels along sensory nerves to the spinal cord, where it is processed by a small group of neurons called the reflex center. From there, the impulse travels along motor nerves to the effector muscles, which respond by contracting or relaxing. The reflex arc is a rapid and efficient way of responding to potentially harmful or dangerous stimuli without involving the conscious brain. Examples of reflex actions include pulling your hand away from a hot stove, blinking when an object comes close to your eye, or sneezing when dust irritates your nose.

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Read lesson note on Nervous Coordination (WAEC)

Excretory Systems And Mechanisms; Types Of Excretory Systems

Nervous Coordination

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Question 20 Report

Trypanosomiasis is associated with

cockcroach

mosquito

housefly

tsetse fly

Answer Details

Trypanosomiasis, also known as African sleeping sickness, is a disease that is associated with the tsetse fly. The tsetse fly is a blood-sucking insect found in sub-Saharan Africa that can transmit the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei through its bite. When the parasite enters the bloodstream, it causes a variety of symptoms, including fever, headache, joint pain, and fatigue. As the disease progresses, it can also affect the nervous system and lead to sleep disturbances, confusion, and ultimately coma if left untreated. Cockroaches, mosquitoes, and houseflies are not associated with trypanosomiasis, although they can transmit other diseases to humans.

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Question 21 Report

The following are the functions of supporting tissues in plant except

rigidity

flexibility

strengthening

secretory

Answer Details

Supporting tissues in plants are those tissues that provide mechanical support to the plant body. They include collenchyma, sclerenchyma, and xylem. Out of the options provided, the function of supporting tissues that is not correct is "secretory." Supporting tissues do not have a secretory function, as that role is typically carried out by specialized cells or tissues such as glands or trichomes.

Read lesson note on Tissues And Supporting Systems: (WAEC)

Tissues And Supporting Systems:

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Question 22 Report

Which of the following is not a means of conserving natural resources?

Establishment of national parks

Selective logging

Building of dams

Bush burning

Answer Details

The correct answer is "Bush burning" as it is a harmful practice that leads to the destruction of natural resources like forests and soil fertility. Establishment of national parks helps to conserve natural resources like wildlife and their habitats. Selective logging is a practice that involves carefully selecting trees to be cut down, leaving the rest to continue growing and maintaining the ecological balance. Building of dams can help in the conservation of water resources like rivers and lakes, by storing water for later use and controlling floods. On the other hand, bush burning is a harmful practice that leads to the destruction of natural resources like forests, which are home to many animal species and also provide ecological services such as oxygen production and carbon sequestration. It can also lead to soil erosion and loss of soil fertility. Therefore, it is not a means of conserving natural resources, but rather a practice that contributes to their destruction.

Read lesson note on Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals (WAEC)

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 23 Report

When a mammal respires anaerobically for a long time

pyruvic acid is convened into acetyl COA

more energy is released from fats in the body

lactic acid accumulates in the muscles

the Krebs cycle is fully completed.

Answer Details

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Respiration

Cellular Respiration

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Question 24 Report

The condition shown in the above diagram is due to

conversion of starch to sugar

conversion of sugar to starch

excess water in structure labelled I

presence of carbondioxide in the structure labelled I

Answer Details

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Question 25 Report

Vitamin C deficiency results in

ricket

beri-beri

scurvy

pellagra

Answer Details

Vitamin C deficiency results in scurvy. Scurvy is a disease that can occur when a person does not consume enough vitamin C, which is also known as ascorbic acid. Vitamin C is important for the production of collagen, which is a protein that helps to hold cells together in the body. When a person does not get enough vitamin C, their body cannot produce enough collagen, which can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, joint pain, and bleeding gums. In severe cases, scurvy can also cause open sores on the skin and even death. To prevent scurvy, it is important to consume foods that are rich in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits, strawberries, kiwi, and broccoli.

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Question 26 Report

Which of the following is responsible for the increased heart beat of a boy who saw a python? increased
production of

adrenalin

insulin

pituitrin

thyroxin

Answer Details

The increased heart rate of a boy who saw a python is due to the production of adrenaline. Adrenaline is a hormone released by the adrenal gland in response to stress, fear or danger. It prepares the body for a "fight or flight" response, which involves increased heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate, as well as the release of glucose from energy stores in the body. These physiological changes help the body to deal with a perceived threat or danger. In this case, the boy's body is preparing to either fight the python or flee from it, and the release of adrenaline is helping to facilitate this response.

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Hormonal Coordination

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Question 27 Report

Vitamin E is concerned with

bone formation

reproduction

normal growth

formation of red blood cells.

Answer Details

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Classification

Reproduction

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Question 28 Report

In commensalism

one of the organisms gains and the other loses

both organisms benefit from the association

one of the organisms gains while the other neither gains nor loses

one of the organisms produces extra cellular Digestive juices.

Answer Details

Commensalism is a type of symbiotic relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits while the other organism is neither helped nor harmed. This means that the option that best describes commensalism is "one of the organisms gains while the other neither gains nor loses." In commensalism, the organism that benefits is called the commensal, while the organism that is neither helped nor harmed is called the host. The commensal benefits from the association by gaining resources such as shelter, food, or a place to live, while the host is not affected either positively or negatively. Therefore, commensalism is a relationship where one organism gains while the other is unaffected, making it different from other types of symbiotic relationships such as mutualism and parasitism where both organisms can either benefit or one organism gains while the other loses, respectively.

Read lesson note on Symbiotic Interactions Of Plants And Animals (JAMB)

Symbiotic Interactions Of Plants And Animals

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Question 29 Report

The neurone that relay the message of effector organs are called

efferent neurones

intermediate neurones

afferent neurones

spinal nerves

Answer Details

The neurons that relay the message of effector organs are called efferent neurons. Efferent neurons are responsible for carrying signals from the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to the peripheral nervous system (muscles and glands). They are also referred to as motor neurons because they control muscle movement and other responses to external stimuli. These neurons transmit signals in one direction only, from the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system, to produce a response or action.

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Support And Movement

Nervous Coordination

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Question 30 Report

In which of the following organisms is ammonia excreted as a waste product?

Man

Bird

Amoeba

Spirogyra

Answer Details

Ammonia is a highly toxic substance that needs to be eliminated from the body as soon as possible. In some organisms, ammonia is excreted directly as a waste product, while in others, it is converted into less toxic substances before excretion. Among the given options, Amoeba is an organism that excretes ammonia as a waste product. Amoeba is a unicellular organism that lives in water and has a simple structure. It does not have specialized excretory organs like kidneys, so it excretes metabolic waste directly through its cell membrane by diffusion. Since ammonia is highly soluble in water, it can diffuse out of the cell easily, making ammonia the primary excretory product of Amoeba. In contrast, humans, birds, and Spirogyra excrete urea or uric acid, which are less toxic and more water-conserving than ammonia.

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Question 31 Report

Which of the following statements is incorrect about diffusion?

It involves degradation of soluble particles in solvents

it occurs mainly in gaseous and liquid media

No membrane is needed to effect the movement of molecules

Molecules move from region of lower concentration to that of higher concentration.

Answer Details

The statement that is incorrect about diffusion is: "Molecules move from region of lower concentration to that of higher concentration." In diffusion, molecules move from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration until they are evenly distributed. This movement occurs in gaseous, liquid, and solid media, and no membrane is required to effect the movement of molecules. There is no degradation of soluble particles in solvents in the process of diffusion.

Read lesson note on The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes (WAEC)

The Cell And Its Environment: Physical And Biophysical Processes

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Question 32 Report

Amoeba obtains its oxygen requirements

from oxidising food substances

from air trapped in vacuoles

through diffusion of air into its body

through an air cavity in the ectoplasm

Answer Details

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Protein Synthesis

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Question 33 Report

Which of the following best describes a colony of volvox?

Asexually reproduced cells held together in a mass, but independent of each other

Sexually reproduced cells held together in a mass, and dependent on each other

Single free-living acellular units irrespective of their parental origin

Several units of cells, held together by cytoplasmic strands and dependent on each other

Answer Details

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Forms In Which Living Cells Exist

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Question 34 Report

Which of the following solutions will induce the condition shown in the diagram?

Hypertonic solution

Hypotonic solution

isotonic solution

Distilled water.

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Properties And Functions Of The Living Cell (WAEC)

Properties And Functions Of The Living Cell

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Question 35 Report

Which of the following food substances turns bright red when warmed with suddan III solution?

Starch

Reducing sugar

Protein

Fat

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Support And Movement (JAMB)

Nutrition

Support And Movement

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Question 36 Report

Which of the following statements about phosphorous is not correct?

Helps to regulate the acid-base balance of the body

Regulates the metabolism of proteins, fats and carbohydrates

Required in many chemical reactions occurring in the body

Phosphorous is a major constituent of bones and teeth

Answer Details

The statement that is not correct about phosphorus is: "Helps to regulate the acid-base balance of the body". Phosphorus is an important mineral that is required for many functions in the body, including the formation of bones and teeth, cell growth and repair, and the production of DNA and RNA. It is also involved in regulating the metabolism of proteins, fats, and carbohydrates and is required for many chemical reactions in the body. However, phosphorus does not help to regulate the acid-base balance of the body. That is the role of other minerals such as sodium, potassium, and chloride.

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Question 37 Report

Which of the labelled structures in the diagram will shrink when plasmolysis occurs?

III

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Cell Structure (WAEC)

Cell Structure

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Question 38 Report

The major reason why foods should be properly covered is that

micro-organisms in air would contaminate the food

hot foods cool off easily when properly covered

the taste of the food is maintained when covered

all water easily evaporates from uncovered food

Answer Details

The major reason why foods should be properly covered is to prevent micro-organisms in the air from contaminating the food. Micro-organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi are present in the air and can settle on uncovered food, potentially leading to foodborne illnesses. By properly covering food, we can create a barrier that reduces the risk of these micro-organisms contaminating the food. This is particularly important for perishable foods like meat, dairy, and cooked dishes, which can spoil quickly if not stored properly. While it is true that covering hot foods can help them retain their temperature and prevent them from cooling off too quickly, this is not the primary reason why foods should be covered. Additionally, covering food does not necessarily maintain the taste, as certain flavors can be affected by exposure to air. Finally, covering food does not necessarily affect the evaporation of water, as moisture can escape even when covered depending on the type of covering used.

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Question 39 Report

The abiotic factor which determines the depth to which light penetrates in a pond is

current

turbidity

wind

salinity

Answer Details

The abiotic factor that determines the depth to which light penetrates in a pond is turbidity. Turbidity is the measurement of the amount of suspended particles in water, such as soil, silt, and plankton. These particles can absorb or scatter light, which reduces the amount of light that penetrates the water. The more suspended particles present in the water, the more turbid the water becomes, and the less light can penetrate the water. In a pond, the depth to which light can penetrate affects the growth of aquatic plants and algae. These photosynthetic organisms require sunlight to produce food, and the depth to which light can penetrate affects the amount of light available for photosynthesis. Therefore, the abiotic factor that determines the depth to which light penetrates in a pond is turbidity, which is the amount of suspended particles in water that absorb or scatter light. The other options listed do not determine the depth to which light penetrates in a pond.

Read lesson note on Respiration (JAMB)

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Read lesson note on Classification (WAEC)

Respiration

Ecological Management: Tolerance, Minimum And Maximum

Classification

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Question 40 Report

Which of the following resources is non-renewable?

Forest

Wildlife

Mineral deposits

Water

Answer Details

The non-renewable resource is mineral deposits. Mineral deposits refer to natural resources that are found in the earth's crust and have a finite supply that can't be replaced naturally within a short time frame. Once they are extracted and used up, they cannot be regenerated or renewed. Minerals such as coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of non-renewable resources.

Read lesson note on Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals (WAEC)

Resources To Be Conserved: Soil, Water, Wildlife, Forest And Minerals

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Question 41 Report

Which of the following terms is not associated with fingerprint and classification?

Whorl

Contour

Arch

Loop

Answer Details

The term "contour" is not associated with fingerprints and classification. Fingerprint classification is a process used to identify individuals based on the unique characteristics of their fingerprints. These characteristics include patterns such as whorls, arches, and loops, as well as the number and location of ridge characteristics such as bifurcations and ending ridges. Whorls, arches, and loops are the three basic patterns used in fingerprint classification, and each pattern is further classified into subtypes based on the orientation and shape of the ridges. The term "contour" typically refers to the outline or shape of an object, and is not commonly used in the context of fingerprint classification.

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Humans And Environment

Classification

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Question 42 Report

Which of the following structures is not present in the vascular bundles of a dicot stem?

Xylem

Phloem

lntra-fascicular cambium

Inter-fascicular cambium

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants (WAEC)

Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants

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Question 43 Report

The unit contained in a cell structure responsible for changes in form and shape of organisms is called

mitochondria

gene

ribosome

lysosome

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Cell Structure (WAEC)

Cell Structure

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Question 44 Report

Which of the following is not released during decay of living matter?

Ammonia

Oxygen

Carbon dioxide

Heat energy

Answer Details

Oxygen is not released during decay of living matter. During the process of decay, microorganisms break down complex organic compounds into simpler substances. In the absence of oxygen, this process is called anaerobic decay, and the end products include methane and carbon dioxide. In the presence of oxygen, the process is called aerobic decay, and the end products include carbon dioxide, water, and heat energy. However, oxygen itself is not released during the decay process.

Read lesson note on Nutrient Cycling In Nature (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Nitrogen Cycle (WAEC)

Nutrient Cycling In Nature

Nitrogen Cycle

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Question 45 Report

Which of the following best describes the adaptation of the earthworm to its habitat?

Living in burrow during the day to prevent desiccation

Burrowing into soft soil to store food

Possession of segmented body to reduce movement

Possession of a few bristles for defence

Answer Details

The adaptation of the earthworm to its habitat is best described by "Living in burrow during the day to prevent desiccation." Earthworms are found in soil, and they need to stay moist to survive because their skin must remain moist for the exchange of gases, like oxygen and carbon dioxide, to occur. They also need to keep their skin moist to prevent desiccation or drying out, which can be fatal. To avoid desiccation during the day, when the sun is shining and the temperature is high, earthworms burrow into the soil, creating a moist and humid environment for themselves. This way, they avoid exposure to the sun and can keep their skin moist, enabling them to breathe and stay hydrated. Therefore, living in burrows during the day to prevent desiccation is a crucial adaptation of earthworms to their habitat, which enables them to survive in soil environments. The other options listed do not describe adaptations that earthworms possess to survive in their habitat.

Read lesson note on Living Organisms (JAMB)

Living Organisms

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Question 46 Report

Which of the following organisms is a producer?

Spirogyra

Mucor

Rhizopus

Yeast

Answer Details

Spirogyra is a producer. Producers, also known as autotrophs, are organisms that can produce their own food through the process of photosynthesis. Spirogyra is a green algae that contains chloroplasts capable of photosynthesis. Therefore, it is a producer. Mucor, Rhizopus, and yeast are not producers as they are heterotrophic organisms and require external sources of food to survive.

Read lesson note on Ecological Factors (WAEC)

Ecological Factors

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Question 47 Report

Which of the following organisms has the largest surface area-to-volume ratio?

Man

Earthworm

Amoeba

Grasshopper

Answer Details

Amoeba has the largest surface area-to-volume ratio among the organisms listed. This is because amoebas are unicellular organisms with a relatively large surface area compared to their volume. Since their shape is irregular and constantly changing, they can increase their surface area by extending and retracting pseudopodia. This allows them to take in nutrients and oxygen from their environment and expel waste products more efficiently. In contrast, larger organisms such as man, earthworm, and grasshopper have much smaller surface area-to-volume ratios due to their larger sizes and more complex body structures. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is Amoeba.

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Question 48 Report

A very poor growth in plants and discolouration of leaves signifies the deficiency of

calcium

magnesium

potassium

manganese

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Soil (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Soil

Nutrition

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Question 49 Report

The first stable product of photosynthesis is

starch

glucose

oxygen

water

Answer Details

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Question 50 Report

Which of the following groups consists of heterotrophs?

Mucor, chlamydomonas and Euglena

Spirogyra, Mucor and Mushroom

Man, Mucor and Mushroom

Man, Maize and Cowpea

Answer Details

Heterotrophs are organisms that cannot produce their own food and rely on other organisms for their nutrition. They obtain food by consuming other organisms or organic matter. Among the options given, the group that consists of heterotrophs is "Man, Mucor and Mushroom". This is because "Man" refers to humans, which are heterotrophs, and both "Mucor" and "Mushroom" are fungi that are also heterotrophic. The other options include organisms that are either autotrophic (able to produce their own food) or have both autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition.

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Question 51 Report

Which of the following organisms will not bring about decomposition?

Earthworm

Bactenum

Mould

Spirogyra

Answer Details

Spirogyra is an organism that will not bring about decomposition. Decomposition is a natural process that breaks down dead organisms and organic waste into simpler substances, such as carbon dioxide and water, which can be used by other living organisms. Decomposition is mainly carried out by decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, that break down the dead matter into smaller compounds. Earthworms, bacteria, and fungi (such as molds) are decomposers that play a significant role in decomposition. However, Spirogyra is a type of algae that does not participate in the process of decomposition. Algae like Spirogyra are producers that produce their own food through photosynthesis and are not involved in breaking down dead organic matter. Therefore, Spirogyra is an organism that will not bring about decomposition, unlike earthworms, bacteria, and molds.

Read lesson note on Mosses And Ferns (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Amoeba, Paramecium, And Euglena (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Cell Structure (WAEC)

Mosses And Ferns

Amoeba, Paramecium, And Euglena

Cell Structure

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Question 52 Report

Character which falls to express itself in the first filial generation but emerges in the second is

heterozygote

homozygote

dominant

recessive

Answer Details

The character which falls to express itself in the first filial generation but emerges in the second is a recessive trait. This means that the allele for the trait is present in the first generation but is masked by the dominant allele. However, in the second generation, the recessive allele can be expressed if both parents carry the recessive allele and pass it on to their offspring. The classic example of this is seen in Mendelian genetics with the inheritance of pea plant traits, where the wrinkled seed shape is a recessive trait.

Read lesson note on Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity (WAEC)

Chromosomes: The Basis Of Heredity

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Question 53 Report

What happens to an ovule of a flower, after fertilization? It

becomes a fruit

withers away

becomes a seed

forms the cotyledons

Answer Details

After fertilization, the ovule of a flower develops into a seed. The fertilized ovule undergoes changes and forms the embryo which later develops into a new plant. The ovary of the flower also enlarges and becomes the fruit that encloses the seed. Thus, the correct option is "becomes a seed."

Read lesson note on Internal Structure Of A Flowering Plant (JAMB)

Internal Structure Of A Flowering Plant

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Question 54 Report

The plant cell mostly stores food as

glycogen

auxins

homtones

starch

Answer Details

Plant cells mostly store food as starch. Starch is a complex carbohydrate made up of many glucose molecules linked together in a branched or unbranched chain. Starch is synthesized in the chloroplasts of photosynthetic cells and stored in specialized organelles called amyloplasts, which are found in roots, tubers, seeds, and other storage organs of the plant. When the plant needs energy, it breaks down the starch into glucose molecules that can be used for cellular respiration.

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Question 55 Report

Which of the following is not a dry indehiscent fruit?

Legume

Cypsela

Samara

Caryopsis

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Nutrition

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Question 56 Report

The concept of use and disuse of parts was postulated by

Darwin

Larmarck

Miller

Wallace

Answer Details

The concept of use and disuse of parts was postulated by Lamarck. This idea was a key part of Lamarck's theory of evolution, which proposed that organisms could pass on traits that were acquired during their lifetime to their offspring. Lamarck believed that if an organism used a particular body part frequently, it would become stronger and more developed, while disuse would cause the same part to weaken and eventually disappear over time. However, this theory was later disproven by the discovery of genetics and the mechanism of natural selection proposed by Charles Darwin.

Read lesson note on Evolution (Theories and Evidence) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Heredity (JAMB)

Evolution (Theories and Evidence)

Heredity

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Question 57 Report

Which of the following statements about nitrogen is not correct? Nitrogen is needed for

protein synthesis

activating certain enzymes

the synthesis of chlorophyll

healthy vegetative growth of plants

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Nitrogen Cycle (WAEC)

Nitrogen Cycle

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Question 58 Report

Which of the following plant parts does not perform supportive function?

Parenchyma, xylem and . collenchyma

Epidermis, sclerenchyma and xylem

Parenchyma, collenchyma and sclerenchyma

Sclerenchyma, xylem and collenchyma

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Tissues And Supporting Systems: (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants (WAEC)

Tissues And Supporting Systems:

Morphology Of Monocotyledonous And Dicotyledonous Plants

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Question 59 Report

Mammals require a relatively high amount of carbohydrates because

they maintain the weight of the body

they are required for growth

they initiate enzyme production

they yield energy for activities.

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Nutrition (JAMB)

Nutrition

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Question 60 Report

All the available places on earth which support life constitute the

lithosphere

atmosphere

biosphere

hydrosphere

Answer Details

The answer is biosphere. The biosphere refers to all the places on earth where living organisms can exist, which includes the atmosphere, lithosphere (the solid outermost shell of the earth), and hydrosphere (the total amount of water on earth). It is the zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the earth where living organisms are found. The biosphere is the sum of all the ecosystems and includes all the living organisms in the world, their interactions with each other, and with the non-living elements of the environment.

Read lesson note on Local (Nigerian) Biomes (JAMB)

Local (Nigerian) Biomes

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