JAMB UTME - Chemistry - 2000 | Green Bridge CBT

Question 1 Report

0.46g of ethanol when burned raised the temperature of 50g of water by 14.3K. Calculate the heat of combustion of ethanol.

[C = 12, O = 16, H = 1, Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 jg-1K-1]

+3000 KJ mol-1

+300 KJ mol-1

-300 KJ mol-1 Correct answer

-3000 KJ mol-1

Answer Details

Heat, = -M C Q
= -50 * 4.2 * 14.3
= -300 KJ mol-1

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 2 Report

In which of the following is the oxidation number of sulphur equal to -2?

H2S Correct answer

SO 2

SO 32-

Answer Details

The oxidation number of sulfur (S) is the hypothetical charge that an atom would have if all its bonds to atoms of different elements were completely ionic in nature. To determine the oxidation number of sulfur in each compound given, we need to follow some rules: - The oxidation number of an atom in its free (uncombined) state is zero. - The oxidation number of a monatomic ion is equal to its charge. - The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a neutral molecule must be zero. - The sum of the oxidation numbers of all atoms in a polyatomic ion must equal the charge on the ion. Using these rules, we can find the oxidation number of sulfur in each compound: - In S8, sulfur is in its elemental form, and the oxidation number of each atom is zero. - In H2S, hydrogen (H) has an oxidation number of +1, and the sum of the oxidation numbers in the molecule is zero. Therefore, sulfur must have an oxidation number of -2 to balance out the charge. - In SO2, oxygen (O) has an oxidation number of -2, and the sum of the oxidation numbers in the molecule is zero. Therefore, sulfur must have an oxidation number of +4 to balance out the charge. - In SO32-, oxygen has an oxidation number of -2, and the sum of the oxidation numbers in the ion is -2. Therefore, sulfur must have an oxidation number of +4 to balance out the charge. Therefore, the compound in which the oxidation number of sulfur is equal to -2 is H2S.

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Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 3 Report

A common characteristics of copper and silver in their usage as coinage metals is that they

have high metallic lustre

are not easily oxidized Correct answer

are easily oxidized

are not easil reduced

Answer Details

The correct option is: "are not easily oxidized." Copper and silver are commonly used as coinage metals because they are both relatively unreactive and do not easily corrode or oxidize. This makes them a good choice for coins, as they will not deteriorate or lose their value due to exposure to the air or other elements over time.

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Metals And Their Compounds

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Question 4 Report

50cm of carbon (II) oxide exploded with 150cm\(^{3}\) of air containing 20% oxygen by volume. Which of the reactants was in excess?

carbon (II) oxide

carbon (IV) oxide

oxygen Correct answer

nitrogen

Answer Details

2CO + O

_{2}

\to

2CO

_{2}

50cm

^{3}

\to

25cm

^{3}

20%

\times

150cm

^{3}

30cm

^{3}

is the volume of oxygen available for the reactions.
But only 25cm

^{3}

is required, therefore O

_{2}

is in excess.

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 5 Report

How many moles of HCl will be required to react with potassium heptaoxodichromate (VI) to produce 3 moles of chlorine?

14 Correct answer

Answer Details

_{2}

_{2}

_{7}

+ 14HCl

\to

2CrO

_{13}

+ 2KCl + 3C

_{2}

+ 7H

_{2}

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Read lesson note on Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions (WAEC)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

Stoichiometry And Chemical Reactions

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Question 6 Report

MnO4(aq) + 8H+(aq) + Y → Mn2+(aq) + 4H2O(l)

Y in the equation above represents

2e-

3e-

5e- Correct answer

7e-

Answer Details

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 7 Report

The ratio of the initial to the final pressure of a given mass of gas is 1:1.5. Calculate the final volume of the gas if the initial volume was \(3000\text{cm}^3\) at the same temperature

120cm

^{3}

200cm

^{3}

Correct answer

450cm

^{3}

750cm

^{3}

Answer Details

The problem involves using Boyle's law, which states that the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume at a constant temperature. Mathematically, P1V1 = P2V2, where P1 and V1 are the initial pressure and volume, respectively, and P2 and V2 are the final pressure and volume, respectively. Given the ratio of the initial to final pressure as 1:1.5, we can assume that the final pressure is 1.5 times the initial pressure. Therefore, P2 = 1.5 * P1. Using the formula P1V1 = P2V2 and substituting the known values, we get: P1 * 3000 = (1.5 * P1) * V2 Simplifying the equation, we get: V2 = (P1 * V1) / (1.5 * P1) = 2000cm3 Therefore, the final volume of the gas is 2000cm3. So the answer is 200cm3.

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Solubility

Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 8 Report

The refreshing and characteristic taste of soda water and other soft drinks is as a result of the presence in them of

carbon (IV) oxide Correct answer

carbon (II) oxide

soda

glucose

Answer Details

The refreshing and characteristic taste of soda water and other soft drinks is due to the presence of carbon dioxide gas, which is also known as carbon (IV) oxide. When carbon dioxide gas dissolves in water, it forms carbonic acid, which gives the drinks their slightly acidic taste. The carbon dioxide gas also creates the fizz or bubbles in the drink, which adds to its refreshing quality. Therefore, carbon (IV) oxide, is the correct answer. Options 2, 3, and 4 are not responsible for the taste of soda water and soft drinks.

Read lesson note on Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only) (WAEC)

Acids, Bases And Salts (Nigeria Only)

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Question 9 Report

N2(g) + O2(g) ↔ 2NO(g); ΔH = + 180.6 kJ mol-1

In the reaction above, increase in temperature will

increase the quantity of N2

increase in the yield of NO Correct answer

decrease the yield of NO

decrease the quantity of O2

Answer Details

In the given chemical reaction, the enthalpy change is positive (+180.6 kJ/mol) indicating that the reaction is endothermic, meaning it absorbs heat from the surroundings. According to Le Chatelier's principle, an increase in temperature will favor an endothermic reaction. Therefore, an increase in temperature will increase the yield of NO, which is the product of the reaction. Hence, the correct answer is: "increase in the yield of NO."

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 10 Report

The partial pressure of oxygen in a sample of air is 452mmHg and the total pressure is 780mmHg. What is the mole fraction of oxygen?

0.203

0.579 Correct answer

2.060

5.790

Answer Details

The mole fraction of oxygen can be calculated using the formula: Mole fraction of oxygen = Partial pressure of oxygen / Total pressure Plugging in the given values, we get: Mole fraction of oxygen = 452mmHg / 780mmHg Simplifying this fraction gives us: Mole fraction of oxygen = 0.579 Therefore, the correct option is: 0.579 This means that about 57.9% of the total pressure of the air sample is due to oxygen molecules.

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 11 Report

The conditions necessary for the extraction of a water molecule from two molecules of ethanol are

less acid and lower temperature

excess acid and a lower temperature

excess acid and a higher temperature Correct answer

less acid and a higher temperature

Answer Details

The conditions necessary for the extraction of a water molecule from two molecules of ethanol are excess acid and a higher temperature. This process is known as dehydration, where water is removed from a molecule or compound. In the case of ethanol, excess acid (usually concentrated sulfuric acid) acts as a catalyst to remove a water molecule (H2O) from two ethanol molecules (C2H5OH), leaving behind ethene (C2H4). The excess acid helps to facilitate the reaction by providing an acidic medium, while the higher temperature helps to break the bond between the two molecules and make the reaction more efficient. Less acid and lower temperature would not be as effective in extracting the water molecule, while excess acid and a lower temperature could slow down or inhibit the reaction altogether.

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

Chemistry, Industry And The Environment

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Question 12 Report

The air pollutant unknown in nature is

HCHO Correct answer

DDT

Answer Details

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Environmental Pollution

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Question 13 Report

The reaction of carbide with water gives

ethyne Correct answer

ethene

ethane

ethanal

Answer Details

The reaction of carbide (calcium carbide) with water gives ethyne (also known as acetylene). This reaction is an example of an acid-base reaction, where the carbide acts as a base and water acts as an acid. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is: CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca(OH)2 The ethyne gas produced in this reaction is widely used as a fuel for welding and cutting metals, as well as for other industrial applications.

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Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 14 Report

The distance between the nuclei of chlorine atoms in a chlorine molecule is 0.194nm. The atomic radius of chlorine atom is

0.097nm Correct answer

0.914nm

0.388nm

2.388nm

Answer Details

The atomic radius of an atom is defined as half the distance between the nuclei of two identical atoms when they are bonded together. In this case, we know that the distance between the nuclei of chlorine atoms in a chlorine molecule is 0.194nm. Since this is the distance between the two nuclei, we can find the atomic radius of chlorine by dividing this distance by 2. 0.194nm ÷ 2 = 0.097nm Therefore, the atomic radius of a chlorine atom is 0.097nm. Answer: 0.097nm

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Atomic Structure And Bonding

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Question 15 Report

Synthesis gas is a mixture of

CH4 and H2O

CH4 and H2

CO2 and H2

CO and H2 Correct answer

Answer Details

Synthesis gas is a mixture of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen gas (H2). Therefore, the correct option is "CO and H2".

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Question 16 Report

The chlorinated alkane often used industrially to remove grease is

tetrachloromethane Correct answer

chloromethane

trichloromethane

dichlorometane

Answer Details

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Organic Compounds

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Question 17 Report

Powdered marble reacts faster with hydrochloric acid solution than the granular form because the powdered form has

more molecules

more atoms

larger surface area Correct answer

relatively large mass

Answer Details

The correct answer is that powdered marble has a larger surface area. This is because the powdered form has smaller particle sizes and, therefore, a greater surface area per unit mass. This greater surface area allows for a greater number of collisions between the particles of marble and the hydrochloric acid solution, leading to a faster reaction.

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Chemical Combination

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Question 18 Report

In which order are the following salts sensitive to light?

Agl > AgCl > AgBr

AgCl > Agl > AgBr

AgBr > AgCl > Agl

AgCl > AgBr > Agl Correct answer

Answer Details

The sensitivity of salts to light depends on the stability of their respective silver halide compounds. The stability of these compounds is determined by the size of the halide ion. The larger the halide ion, the less stable the corresponding silver halide compound is. In the given options, the salts are arranged in the order of increasing size of halide ions. Thus, the stability of the corresponding silver halide compounds decreases in the same order. The most stable compound is the one with the smallest halide ion, and the least stable is the one with the largest halide ion. Therefore, the correct order of sensitivity to light for the given salts is: AgCl > AgBr > AgI This is because AgI has the largest halide ion, making its corresponding silver halide compound the least stable and most sensitive to light. On the other hand, AgCl has the smallest halide ion, making its corresponding silver halide compound the most stable and least sensitive to light.

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Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 19 Report

The compound above is an

ether

ester Correct answer

alkanal

alkanol

Answer Details

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Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 20 Report

The knowledge of half-life can be used to

create an element

detect an element Correct answer

spilt an element

irradiate an element

Answer Details

The knowledge of half-life can be used to detect an element. Half-life is the time taken for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. Since each radioactive element has a unique half-life, scientists can use the knowledge of half-life to determine which elements are present in a sample. By measuring the amount of radioactivity in a sample over time, they can determine the half-life of the element and identify it. Therefore, option "detect an element" is correct.

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

Chemical Industry And Environment

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Question 21 Report

Use the option above to answer this question. The graph that describes a zero order reaction is

B Correct answer

Answer Details

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium System (Nigeria Only)

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Question 22 Report

Unsaturated organic compounds are identified by decolourization of

silver bromine and potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solutions

bromine water and acidified potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution Correct answer

silver bromide solution and bromine water

bromine water and alkaline potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution

Answer Details

The decolourization of bromine water and acidified potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution is used to identify unsaturated organic compounds. When bromine water is added to an unsaturated organic compound, the brown color of bromine is decolorized due to the addition of bromine across the C=C double bond in the unsaturated compound. Similarly, when acidified potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution is added to an unsaturated organic compound, the purple color of the solution is also decolorized due to the addition of the potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) across the C=C double bond in the unsaturated compound. The decolorization of both these solutions is due to the reaction with unsaturated organic compounds, which is a characteristic test used to identify them. Therefore, the correct option is "bromine water and acidified potassium tetraoxomanganate (VII) solution".

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Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 23 Report

Sieving is a technique used to separate mixtures containing solid particles of

small sizes

large sizes

different sizes Correct answer

the same size

Answer Details

Sieving is a method that is commonly used to separate mixtures that contain solid particles of different sizes. The mixture is poured through a sieve, which is a device with a mesh or a net. The smaller particles that can pass through the mesh or net will fall through, while the larger particles will be left on top. Therefore, sieving is used to separate solid particles that are of different sizes.

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 24 Report

A phenomenon where an element exist in different forms in the same physical state is known as

isomerism

amorphism

allotropy Correct answer

isotopy

Answer Details

The phenomenon where an element exists in different forms in the same physical state is known as "allotropy." Allotropy is a property of some chemical elements where they exist in two or more different physical forms, which are called allotropes. These allotropes can have different properties, such as different colors, densities, and crystal structures, but they consist of the same type of atoms. Isomerism refers to the existence of compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Amorphism refers to the lack of long-range order in a material, while isotopy refers to the existence of different isotopes of an element with different numbers of neutrons.

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Rates Of Chemical Reaction

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Question 25 Report

The pOH of a solution of 0.25 mol dm-3 of hydrochloric acid is

12.40

13.40 Correct answer

14.40

14.60

Answer Details

pOH = -log [2.5 * 10-1]
= -log[-0.3979 + 1]
= 13.40

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 26 Report

Alkanones are generally obtained by the oxidation of

primary alkanols

secondary alkanols Correct answer

tertiary alkanols

alkanoic acid

Answer Details

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Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only)

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Question 27 Report

A gas that is not associated with global warming is

CO2 Correct answer

SO3

CH4

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws (JAMB)

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

Environmental Pollution

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Question 28 Report

Hydration of ions in solution is associated with

absorption of heat

reduction of heat

conduction of heat

liberation of heat Correct answer

Answer Details

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 29 Report

A mixture of iodine and sulphur crystals can be separated by treatment with

water to filter off sulphur

carbon (IV) suiphide to filter off iodine Correct answer

ethanoic acid to filter off sulphur

methanol to filter off iodine

Answer Details

A mixture of iodine and sulfur crystals can be separated by treatment with carbon (IV) sulfide to filter off iodine. This is because iodine dissolves in carbon (IV) sulfide, while sulfur does not. Therefore, adding carbon (IV) sulfide to the mixture will dissolve the iodine, allowing it to be separated from the sulfur by filtration. Water, ethanoic acid, and methanol would not be effective in separating iodine and sulfur because they do not have the same solvent properties as carbon (IV) sulfide towards iodine.

Read lesson note on Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances (JAMB)

Separation Of Mixtures And Purification Of Chemical Substances

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Question 30 Report

Which of the following types of bonding does not involve the formation of new substances?

Metallic Correct answer

covalent

co-ordinate

electrovalent

Answer Details

Of the types of bonding listed, metallic, covalent, co-ordinate, and electrovalent, metallic bonding is the type of bonding that does not involve the formation of new substances. Metallic bonding occurs between metal atoms, where the outer electrons of each metal atom are delocalized and can move freely throughout the entire metallic crystal. These delocalized electrons are responsible for the characteristic properties of metals, such as high electrical conductivity and luster. However, metallic bonding does not involve the formation of new substances, as the metal atoms are simply held together in a lattice structure by the electrostatic attraction between the positive metal ions and the negatively charged delocalized electrons. In contrast, covalent, co-ordinate, and electrovalent bonding all involve the sharing or transfer of electrons between atoms to form new chemical substances.

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Question 31 Report

The fundamental difference between the three states of matter is the

shape of their particles

number of particles in each state Correct answer

shape of the container they occupy

degree movement of their particles

Answer Details

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

States Of Matter

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Question 32 Report

HCL(aq) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq)

In the reaction above, Cl-(aq) is the

conjugate acid

acid

conjugate base Correct answer

base

Answer Details

In the given reaction, HCl donates a proton (H+) to H2O to form H3O+ and Cl-. The species that accepts the proton is the base, which in this case is water (H2O). The species that donates the proton is the acid, which in this case is HCl. The conjugate base is the remaining species after the acid has donated the proton, which is Cl- in this reaction. Therefore, the correct answer is "conjugate base".

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Acids, Bases And Salts (Ghana Only)

Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 33 Report

Which of the following statements is correct about the periodic table?

elements in the same period have the same number of valence electrons Correct answer

the valence electrons of the elements in the same period increase progressively 'across the period

elements in the same group have the same number of electron shell

the non-metallic properties of the elements tend to decrease across each period

Answer Details

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Periodic Chemistry (Ghana Only)

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Question 34 Report

1.0 dm3 of distilled water was used to wash 2.0g of a precipitate of AgCl. If the solubility product of AgCl is 2.0 * 10-10mol2dm-6, what quantity of silver was lost in the process?

2.029 * 10-3mol dm-3

1.414 * 10-3mol dm-3

2.029 * 10-5mol dm-3

1.414 * 10-5mol dm-3 Correct answer

Answer Details

When solid AgCl is mixed with water, it partially dissolves and reaches equilibrium according to the following equation: AgCl(s) ⇌ Ag⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq) The solubility product (Ksp) expression for this equilibrium is: Ksp = [Ag⁺][Cl⁻] Given that the solubility product (Ksp) of AgCl is 2.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol² dm⁻⁶, we can use this value and the initial volume of water (1.0 dm³) to calculate the maximum amount of Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ that can dissolve before reaching equilibrium. Let x be the molar solubility of AgCl, which is also equal to the concentration of Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ ions that dissolve. Then, at equilibrium: [Ag⁺] = [Cl⁻] = x Substituting these into the Ksp expression, we have: Ksp = x² Solving for x, we get: x = √Ksp = √(2.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ mol² dm⁻⁶) = 1.414 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³ This means that at equilibrium, the concentration of Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ ions in the solution is 1.414 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³. Now, we can use the volume of water and the concentration of Ag⁺ and Cl⁻ ions to calculate the total amount of AgCl that can dissolve: (1.0 dm³) × (1.414 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³) = 1.414 × 10⁻⁵ mol AgCl This is the maximum amount of AgCl that can dissolve in 1.0 dm³ of water. However, in the given problem, only 2.0 g of AgCl is used, which is equivalent to: (2.0 g) / (143.32 g/mol) = 0.01395 mol AgCl Since this amount is larger than the maximum amount that can dissolve in 1.0 dm³ of water, all of the AgCl will dissolve and none will be lost in the process. Therefore, the answer is option (D) 1.414 × 10⁻⁵ mol dm⁻³

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Kinetic Theory Of Matter And Gas Laws

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Question 35 Report

Which of the following compounds is composed of Al, Si, O and H?

Epson salt

Limestone

Clay Correct answer

Urea

Answer Details

The compound composed of Al, Si, O and H is clay. Clay is a mineral that is primarily composed of hydrous aluminum silicates and various impurities such as magnesium, calcium, potassium, or iron. The chemical formula of clay is typically expressed as Al₂O₃•2SiO₂•2H₂O, indicating the presence of aluminum, silicon, oxygen, and water in its composition. Therefore, the correct option is "Clay".

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Chemical Combination

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Question 36 Report

The repeating unit in natural rubber is

alkyne

isoprene Correct answer

n-propene

peoprene

Answer Details

The repeating unit in natural rubber is isoprene. Natural rubber is a polymer made up of repeating units of the monomer isoprene. Isoprene has a molecular formula of C5H8 and a structure that contains a double bond, which allows it to form long chains through a process called polymerization. These chains then link together to form the rubbery material that we know as natural rubber.

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Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Nigeria Only)

Organic Compounds

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Question 37 Report

(1/2)Zn2+(aq) + e- → (1/2) Zn(s)

In the reaction above, calculate the quantity of electricity required to discharge zinc.

[F = 96 500 C mol-1]

0.965 * 104C

4.820 * 104C

9.650 * 104C Correct answer

48.200 * 104C

Answer Details

The quantity of electricity required to discharge zinc can be calculated using Faraday's law, which states that one mole of electrons carries a charge of 96,500 Coulombs. The given chemical equation shows that the reduction of 1 mole of Zn2+ requires the gain of 2 electrons (1/2 Zn2+ + e- → 1/2 Zn). Therefore, to discharge 1 mole of Zn2+, 2 moles of electrons are needed. Using Faraday's law, we can calculate the quantity of electricity required to discharge 1 mole of Zn2+: 1 mole of Zn2+ requires 2 * 96,500 C = 193,000 C Therefore, to calculate the quantity of electricity required to discharge zinc from the given half-reaction, we need to divide 193,000 C by 2 (since the reaction involves half-moles of Zn2+): Quantity of electricity required = 193,000 C / 2 = 96,500 C Comparing this value with the options given, we can see that the correct answer is: 9.650 * 104 C This matches the value of Faraday's constant, which was given in the question.

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Electrolysis

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Question 38 Report

Given that M is the mass of substance deposited in an electrolysis and Q the quantity of electricity consumed, then Faraday's law can be written as

M = Z/Q

M = Q/Z

M = Z/2Q

M = QZ Correct answer

Answer Details

Faraday's law states that the amount of substance deposited in an electrolysis is directly proportional to the quantity of electricity consumed (Q). Mathematically, this can be expressed as M = ZQ, where M is the mass of substance deposited and Z is the electrochemical equivalent, a constant that depends on the substance being electrolyzed. Therefore, the correct option is "M = ZQ".

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Electrolysis

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Question 39 Report

The substance often use for vulcanization of rubber is

chlorine

hydrogen peroxide

sulphur Correct answer

tetraoxosulphate (IV) acid

Answer Details

Vulcanization is a chemical process that is used to make rubber stronger and more durable. During vulcanization, the rubber is treated with a chemical agent that causes it to cross-link and form a stronger network. This process can improve the strength, durability, and elasticity of the rubber. The options given are all chemicals, but only one option is commonly used as the substance for vulcanization of rubber. The substance that is often used for vulcanization of rubber is sulfur. When sulfur is added to raw rubber and the mixture is heated, the sulfur molecules cross-link with the rubber molecules, creating a stronger and more durable material. This process is known as vulcanization and it has revolutionized the rubber industry, allowing for the creation of many new and useful rubber products.

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Acids, Bases And Salts

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Question 40 Report

The diagram above is the solubility curve of a solute, X. Find the amount of X deposited when 500cm3 of a solution of X is cooled from 60oC to 20oC.

0.750 mole Correct answer

0.950 mole

2.375 moles

4.750 moles

Answer Details

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Solubility

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Question 41 Report

Water molecules can be liquids especially when they are bonded to

alkaline earth metals

alkali metals

transition metals Correct answer

group VII elements

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Water (JAMB)

Water

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Question 42 Report

The shapes of CO\( _2 \), H\( _2 \)O and CH\( _4 \) respectively are

bent, linear and tetrahedral

bent, tetrahedral and linear

linear, bent and tetrahedral Correct answer

tetrahedral, linear and bent

Answer Details

The shape of a molecule is determined by the arrangement of its atoms in space. The arrangement of atoms is influenced by the number of bonded electron pairs and the number of non-bonded electron pairs around the central atom. Based on this information, the shapes of the molecules are: - CO2: linear - H2O: bent - CH4: tetrahedral Therefore, the correct answer is bent, tetrahedral, and linear, respectively.

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Chemistry Of Carbon Compounds (Ghana Only)

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Question 43 Report

For a reaction in equilibrium, the species involved in the equilibrium constant expression are

gaseous and solid species

liquid and solid species

solid and dissolved species

gaseous and dissolved species Correct answer

Answer Details

The equilibrium constant expression is used to calculate the equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction. The species involved in the expression are those that are in a state of equilibrium, which means they are in constant flux between reactants and products. In order to calculate the equilibrium constant, we need to know the concentrations of the reactants and products in the equilibrium state. Therefore, the species involved in the equilibrium constant expression depend on the state of the reactants and products. Among the options given, the correct answer is the last one: gaseous and dissolved species. This is because when a reaction involves gaseous and dissolved species, their concentrations can change during the reaction, and therefore they need to be included in the equilibrium constant expression. Solid and liquid species, on the other hand, have a fixed concentration during the reaction, and so they are not included in the equilibrium constant expression.

Read lesson note on Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only) (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Chemical Equilibria (JAMB)

Chemical Kinetics And Equilibrium Systems (Ghana Only)

Chemical Equilibria

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Question 44 Report

A side effect of soft water is that

it gives offensive taste

excess calcium is precipitated

it attacks lead contained in pipes Correct answer

it encourage the growth of bacteria

Answer Details

Soft water is water that has a low concentration of dissolved minerals such as calcium and magnesium. A side effect of soft water is that it may attack lead contained in pipes, causing it to dissolve into the water. Lead in drinking water can be harmful to human health, especially in young children and pregnant women. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the quality of the water you consume and take necessary precautions if the water is too soft or has any other potential contaminants.

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Question 45 Report

The noble gas, argon, is used for

electrical arc welding Correct answer

welding brass

underwater welding

steel-welding

Answer Details

Argon is commonly used in welding processes, especially in the form of tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding. In TIG welding, the arc is maintained between a tungsten electrode and the workpiece while a stream of argon gas is used to shield the weld area from atmospheric gases like nitrogen and oxygen. This prevents oxidation and other contamination of the weld, resulting in a higher-quality, cleaner weld. Therefore, the correct option is "electrical arc welding".

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Chemical Combination

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Question 46 Report

Haematite is an ore of

zinc

lead

iron Correct answer

copper

Answer Details

Haematite is an ore of iron. It is a mineral form of iron oxide, with a chemical formula of Fe2O3. Haematite is one of the most important sources of iron for manufacturing iron and steel products. When heated with coke (a form of coal), haematite releases oxygen and forms iron, which is then used to produce various steel and iron products.

Read lesson note on Metals And Their Compounds (JAMB)

Metals And Their Compounds

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Question 47 Report

Potassium vapour burns with a

blue flame

brick-red flame

violet flame Correct answer

golden-yellow flame

Answer Details

Potassium vapour burns with a violet flame.

Read lesson note on Oxidation And Reduction (JAMB)

Oxidation And Reduction

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Question 48 Report

Sucrose is made up of

glucose and glucose

glucose and fructose Correct answer

fructose and fructose

galactose and glucose

Answer Details

Sucrose is a type of sugar that is commonly found in many foods. It is made up of two simple sugar molecules, which are bonded together through a glycosidic bond. The options given are all possible simple sugar molecules, but only one option represents the correct combination of sugar molecules that make up sucrose. Sucrose is made up of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. Glucose and fructose are both monosaccharides, which are simple sugar molecules that cannot be broken down into simpler sugars. When glucose and fructose are combined through a glycosidic bond, they form a disaccharide called sucrose. Sucrose is commonly found in many foods, including fruits, vegetables, and processed foods like candy and baked goods.

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Question 49 Report

The electron configuration of 22X 2+ ion is