JAMB UTME - Physics - 2018
Question 1 Report
What flows to the earth by connecting the conductor to the earth?
Answer Details
When a conductor is connected to the earth, electrons flow to the earth. Electrons are negatively charged particles that are present in all conductors. When a conductor is connected to the earth, it creates a path for electrons to flow from the conductor to the earth, which helps to balance the electric potential and prevent the buildup of electric charge. This flow of electrons is known as grounding and is an important safety measure in electrical systems.
Question 2 Report
An object weighs 30N in air and 21N in water. The weight of the object when completely immersed in a liquid of relative density 1.4 is
Answer Details
Weight of water displaced = upthrust = 30 - 21 = 9N
Mass of water displaced = 910
= 0.9kg
Volume of object = 9 × 10−4
m3
= (9 × 10−4
) (1.4 ×103)
= 1.26kg = 12N
30 - 12.6 = 17.4N
Question 3 Report
In a series R-L-C circuit at resonance, the voltages across the resistor and the inductor are 30V and 40V respectively. What is the voltage across the capacitor?
Answer Details
Question 4 Report
Electrical appliances in homes are normally earthed so that
Answer Details
Electrical appliances in homes are normally earthed so that a person touching the appliances is safe from electric shock. Earthing provides a safety mechanism by connecting the metal case of an electrical appliance to the earth through a conductor. In the event of a fault in the appliance, such as a short circuit, the current will flow through the earth wire instead of the person's body, preventing electric shock. By connecting the metal case of an appliance to the earth, the potential difference (PD) between the appliance and the earth is reduced to zero, ensuring that the appliance is maintained at a lower PD than the earth. Therefore, "the appliances are maintained at a lower pd than the earth" is the correct answer.
Question 5 Report
A beam of light is incident from air to water at an angle of 300. Find the angle of refraction if the refractive index of water is 4/3
Answer Details
X = 43
r = ?
Shell?s law:. 7 = Sin20Sinr0
Vg = Sin300Sinr0
Sinr0 = 3Sin3004
Sin r0 = 0.375
R o = Sin-1 (0.375)
R o = 22.02 o
R o = 22 o
Shell?s law:. 7 = Sin20Sinr0
Vg = Sin300Sinr0
Sinr0 = 3Sin3004
Sin r0 = 0.375
R o = Sin-1 (0.375)
R o = 22.02 o
R o = 22 o
Question 6 Report
Which of the following best describes the energy changes which take place when a steam engine drives a generator which lights a lamp?
Answer Details
The energy changes that take place when a steam engine drives a generator which lights a lamp can be described as:
Heat energy from burning fuel is used to create steam in the boiler of the steam engine. This steam is then used to drive the turbine, which generates kinetic energy as it spins. The kinetic energy is transferred to the generator, which converts it into electrical energy (electricity). The electricity then flows through the wires to the lamp, where it is converted back into light energy, which is what we see.
Therefore, the correct option would be:
Heat ----> Kinetic ----> Electricity ----> Light
Question 7 Report
A particle of mass M initially at rest splits into two. If one of the particles of mass M1 moves with velocity V1 , the second particle moves with velocity
Answer Details
When a particle of mass M splits into two, the total mass is conserved, and so the sum of the masses of the two resulting particles must be equal to M. If one of the particles of mass M1 moves with velocity V1, we can use the law of conservation of momentum to determine the velocity of the second particle.
The law of conservation of momentum states that the total momentum of a system of particles remains constant if no external forces act on the system. In this case, the initial momentum of the system is zero, since the particle was initially at rest. After the particle splits, the momentum of the system is the sum of the momenta of the two resulting particles.
Let's use the subscript 1 to represent the first particle of mass M1 and the subscript 2 to represent the second particle of mass M-M1. By conservation of momentum, we have:
0 = M1*V1 + (M - M1)*V2
Solving for V2, we get:
V2 = -M1/M*(V1)
Therefore, the second particle moves in the opposite direction with velocity -M1/M*(V1). This means that the two particles move in opposite directions, with the ratio of their velocities determined by the ratio of their masses. Option (D) in the table shows the correct answer, which is -M1/M*(V1).
Question 8 Report
An object is placed 20cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10cm. The linear magnification of the image produced is?
Answer Details
The linear magnification of an image is given by the formula:
magnification = height of image / height of object = -v/u
where v is the image distance, u is the object distance, and the negative sign indicates that the image is inverted.
In this problem, the object is placed 20cm from a concave mirror of focal length 10cm. Since the object is placed beyond the focal point, the image will be real and inverted.
Using the mirror formula 1/f = 1/v + 1/u, we can find the image distance v:
1/10 = 1/v + 1/20
Solving for v, we get:
v = -20 cm
Now, we can use the magnification formula to find the linear magnification:
magnification = -v/u = -(-20)/20 = 1
Therefore, the linear magnification of the image produced is 1, which means the image is the same size as the object and is also inverted.
The answer is: 1.
Question 9 Report
The density of 400cm3 of palm oil was 0.9gcm-3 before frying. If the density of the oil was 0.6gcm-3 after frying, assuming no loss of oil due to spilling, its new volume was?
Answer Details
The density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume. Therefore, the mass of the palm oil before frying was:
Mass = Density x Volume = 0.9 g/cm³ x 400 cm³ = 360 g
After frying, the mass of the palm oil remains the same, but its density changes to 0.6 g/cm³. Therefore, the new volume of the palm oil can be calculated by rearranging the density formula:
Volume = Mass / Density = 360 g / 0.6 g/cm³ = 600 cm³
So the new volume of the palm oil after frying is 600 cm³. is the correct answer.
Question 10 Report
The pitch of an acoustic device can be increased by
Answer Details
The pitch of an acoustic device refers to the perceived highness or lowness of a sound, and is determined by the frequency of the sound wave. To increase the pitch of an acoustic device, you need to increase the frequency of the sound wave. This can be done by increasing the number of vibrations per second that the device produces.
So, the correct answer is to "increase the frequency".
Question 11 Report
A solid weighs 45N and 15N respectively in air and water. Determine the relative density of the solid
Answer Details
The relative density of a substance is defined as the ratio of its density to the density of a reference substance, usually water at 4 degrees Celsius. In this problem, we can use the principle of buoyancy to determine the density of the solid. When an object is submerged in a fluid, it experiences an upward force called the buoyant force, which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. If the object is less dense than the fluid, it will float, and if it is more dense, it will sink. We are given that the solid weighs 15 N in water, which means it displaces 15 N of water. The weight of the water displaced is equal to the buoyant force on the solid, which is equal to the weight of the solid when it is completely submerged in water. Therefore, the weight of the solid when it is completely submerged in water is 15 N. We are also given that the weight of the solid in air is 45 N. The difference between the weight of the solid in air and water is equal to the weight of the water displaced, which is 30 N. This means that the volume of water displaced by the solid is 30/9.8 = 3.06 L (since the density of water is 1000 kg/m^3 or 9.8 N/L). The relative density of the solid is equal to its density divided by the density of water. We can find the density of the solid by dividing its weight in air by its volume: Density of solid = Weight of solid in air / Volume of solid Density of solid = 45 N / (45 N - 15 N) [since weight of displaced water is 15N] Density of solid = 45 N / 30 N Density of solid = 1.5 N/L Therefore, the relative density of the solid is: Relative density = Density of solid / Density of water Relative density = 1.5 N/L / 1000 N/L Relative density = 0.0015 So the answer is 0.33 (rounded to two decimal places).
Question 12 Report
Musical instruments playing the same note can be distinguished from one another owing to the difference in their
Answer Details
Different musical instruments playing the same note can be distinguished from one another due to the difference in their "timbre" or "tone color." Timbre refers to the unique character or quality of a sound that allows us to distinguish it from other sounds even when they have the same pitch and loudness. For example, a piano and a guitar playing the same note will sound different due to the differences in their timbre. This is why we can tell the difference between different instruments and why some instruments are better suited to certain styles of music than others.
Question 13 Report
Which of the following does NOT describe the Image formed by a plane minor?
Answer Details
The option that does NOT describe the image formed by a plane mirror is "Magnified".
When an object is placed in front of a plane mirror, the image formed is:
1. Erect: The orientation of the object in the mirror is the same as the orientation of the object in real life. For example, if you raise your right hand in front of a plane mirror, the image in the mirror will also show your right hand raised.
2. Laterally inverted: The image formed in the mirror is flipped horizontally, which means that the left side of the object appears on the right side of the image and vice versa. For example, if you wear a shirt with the letter "H" on it and look at it in a plane mirror, the image will show the letter "H" flipped horizontally.
3. Same distance from the mirror as object: The image formed in the mirror is located behind the mirror at the same distance as the object is located in front of the mirror. For example, if you stand 1 meter away from a plane mirror, the image of yourself will also be located 1 meter away from the mirror, behind the mirror.
4. NOT magnified: The image formed in the plane mirror is of the same size as the object, which means that there is no magnification or reduction in the size of the image. For example, if you stand in front of a plane mirror with a height of 1 meter, the image of yourself in the mirror will also have a height of 1 meter.
Therefore, the correct answer is "Magnified", as the image formed by a plane mirror is not magnified.
Question 14 Report
A solid cube of side 50cm and mass 75kg floats in a liquid with \( \frac{1}{3} \) of its height above the liquid surface. The relative density of the liquid is?
Answer Details
Volume of liquid displaced
= 23 (0.5)3
Mass of liquid displaced = mass of floating cube = 75kg
Density of liquid = massvolume
= 75(73(0.5)) × 3
= 0.9 × 103kgm−3
R.D of liquid = (0.9)(1.0) × 103
= 0.9
= 23 (0.5)3
Mass of liquid displaced = mass of floating cube = 75kg
Density of liquid = massvolume
= 75(73(0.5)) × 3
= 0.9 × 103kgm−3
R.D of liquid = (0.9)(1.0) × 103
= 0.9
Question 15 Report
The efficiency of energy conversion on the energy flow through a hydroelectric power is?
Answer Details
Efficiency = useful energy output from machineenergy input into machine
= E3E2
= E3E2
Question 16 Report
Which of the following concepts is not an evidence of the particles nature of matter?
Answer Details
The particle nature of matter refers to the idea that matter is made up of tiny particles that are constantly moving. Diffusion, Brownian motion, and crystallization are all examples of phenomena that can be explained by the particle nature of matter.
However, diffraction is not an evidence of the particle nature of matter. Diffraction is a phenomenon that occurs when waves encounter an obstacle or a slit, causing them to spread out and interfere with each other. While particles can also exhibit diffraction, this is a property of waves and is not specific to particles.
In summary, diffusion, Brownian motion, and crystallization are all evidences of the particle nature of matter, but diffraction is not.
Question 17 Report
A 20kg mass is to be pulled up a slope inclined at 300 to the horizontal. If efficiency of the plane is 75%. The force required to pull the load up the plane is J [g=10ms\(^{-2}\)]
Answer Details
The force required to pull a 20kg mass up a slope inclined at 300 can be calculated using the formula:
force = mass * gravity * sin(angle)
where mass is 20kg, gravity is 10 m/s^2 and angle is 300.
The formula for efficiency is:
efficiency = output force / input force
where output force is the force required to pull the mass up the slope and input force is the force applied to the rope.
Since the efficiency of the plane is 75%, the input force is 4 times the output force.
So, the output force can be calculated as:
output force = input force / 4
input force = mass * gravity * sin(angle) / efficiency
input force = 20 * 10 * sin(300) / 0.75
input force = 533.2 N
And the output force can be calculated as:
output force = input force / 4
output force = 533.2 / 4
output force = 133.3 N
So, the force required to pull the load up the plane is 133.3 N.
Question 18 Report
Which of the following instruments is most suitable for measuring the outside diameter of a narrow pipe in a few millimeters in diameter?
Answer Details
The most suitable instrument for measuring the outside diameter of a narrow pipe in a few millimeters in diameter is a micrometer screw gauge.
A micrometer screw gauge is a precision measuring instrument that can accurately measure small dimensions with high accuracy. It has a spindle that moves towards an anvil and a scale that indicates the measurement. The spindle moves in response to a small rotation of the thimble, allowing for precise and sensitive measurements.
In contrast, a pair of calipers or a meter rule may not be accurate enough for measuring such small dimensions, and a tape rule may not be able to fit inside the narrow pipe. Therefore, a micrometer screw gauge is the most suitable option for measuring the outside diameter of a narrow pipe in a few millimeters in diameter.
Question 19 Report
Which of the following is true of an electrical charge?
Answer Details
The correct answer is option D: "All of the above."
An electrical charge refers to the presence of an excess or deficit of electrons in an atom or molecule. In this context, positive charge means a deficit of electrons, whereas negative charge means an excess of electrons. Electric current refers to the flow of charged particles, typically electrons, through a conductor. Therefore, an electric current means the movement of electrons.
In summary, all of the given options are true of an electrical charge, and they all relate to the behavior of electrons in an electrically charged system.
Question 20 Report
A room is heated by means of a charcoal fire, an occupants of the room standing away from the fire is warmed mainly by
Answer Details
The main way that the occupants of a room standing away from a charcoal fire are warmed is by radiation. Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves, and it can travel through empty space.
In this scenario, the charcoal fire emits radiation in the form of infrared waves, which travel through the air and warm up the objects (including the occupants) in the room. Convection, on the other hand, is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (such as air), but in this case, the air in the room is not being actively circulated by a fan or other mechanism. Conduction involves the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects, but the occupants are not in direct contact with the fire. Reflection refers to the bouncing of radiation off a surface, but it is not a significant factor in this scenario as most of the radiation is absorbed by the objects in the room.
Question 21 Report
The process whereby a liquid turns spontaneously into vapour is called
Answer Details
The process whereby a liquid turns spontaneously into vapor is called evaporation.
Evaporation is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas at a temperature below its boiling point. This happens when the molecules of the liquid gain enough energy to escape from the surface of the liquid into the air as a gas. The rate of evaporation depends on factors such as the temperature, the humidity of the air, and the surface area of the liquid. For example, a shallow pool of water will evaporate faster than a deep one because it has a larger surface area.
Boiling, on the other hand, is the process by which a liquid changes into a gas at its boiling point. This happens when the pressure of the gas generated by the boiling liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure. The temperature remains constant during boiling.
Regelation and sublimation are different processes altogether. Regelation is the process by which a solid changes into a liquid when it is subjected to pressure. Sublimation is the process by which a solid changes directly into a gas, bypassing the liquid state.
Question 22 Report
In the diagram given if the atmospheric pressure is 760mm, the pressure in the chamber G Is
Answer Details
Question 23 Report
Which of the following phenomena cannot be explained by the molecular theory of matter?
Answer Details
Conduction: the flow of internal energy from a region of higher temperature to lower temperature
Convection: heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids
Expansion: the action of becoming larger or more extensive
Convection: heat transfer due to bulk movement of molecules within fluids
Expansion: the action of becoming larger or more extensive
Question 24 Report
If the focal length of a camera is 20cm, the distance from the film at which the lens must be set to produce a sharp image of 100cm away is
Answer Details
F = 20cm
V = 100cm
U = ?
1U + 1V = 1F
120 + 1100 = 1F
5+1100 = 1F
F = 1006
= 16.7cm
= 17cm
V = 100cm
U = ?
1U + 1V = 1F
120 + 1100 = 1F
5+1100 = 1F
F = 1006
= 16.7cm
= 17cm
Question 25 Report
The tendency of a body to remain at rest when a force is applied to it is called.
Answer Details
The tendency of a body to remain at rest or to continue moving with a constant velocity (in a straight line at a constant speed) when no force is acting on it is called inertia. Inertia is a property of matter, and the amount of inertia depends on the mass of an object. Inertia can also be thought of as a resistance to changes in motion, meaning that an object at rest will tend to stay at rest, and an object in motion will tend to stay in motion unless acted upon by an external force. This property of inertia is what makes it difficult to start, stop, or change the direction of motion of an object. The force required to overcome the inertia of an object depends on the mass of the object and the magnitude of the acceleration desired. Therefore, the greater the mass of an object, the greater its inertia, and the more force required to change its motion.
Question 26 Report
Temperature is the property of a body which is proportional to the ____.
Answer Details
Temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a body. This means that as the average kinetic energy of the molecules increases, so does the temperature.
Think about it like this: the hotter an object, the more energy its molecules have. This energy is what makes the molecules move faster, and therefore, the temperature of the object increases.
The average kinetic energy of the molecules is a better measure of temperature than the maximum speed of the molecules because temperature is a measure of the overall energy distribution, not just the energy of a single molecule.
Question 27 Report
Electrical power is transmitted at a high voltage rather than a low voltage because the amount of energy loss is due to
Answer Details
The primary reason that power is transmitted at high voltages is to increase efficiency. As electricity is transmitted over long distances, there are inherent energy losses along the way. High voltage transmission minimizes the amount of power lost as electricity flows from one location to the next. How? The higher the voltage, the lower the current. The lower the current, the lower the resistance losses in the conductors. And when resistance losses are low, energy losses are low also. Electrical engineers consider factors such as the power being transmitted and the distance required for transmission when determining the optimal transmission voltage
Question 28 Report
Which of the following is the dimension of pressure
Answer Details
The dimension of pressure is ML-1T-2 Pressure is defined as the force per unit area. This means that pressure is dependent on the force applied and the area over which it is applied. The unit of force is measured in Newtons (N), and the unit of area is measured in square meters (m2). Therefore, the unit of pressure is N/m2, which is also known as Pascals (Pa). To determine the dimension of pressure, we need to break down the units into their fundamental dimensions of mass (M), length (L), and time (T). Force is measured in N, which is kg m/s2. Area is measured in m2, which is L2. Therefore, the dimension of pressure can be calculated as (kg m/s2)/(L2), which simplifies to ML-1T-2.
Question 29 Report
Which of the following obeys Ohm's law?
Answer Details
Ohm's law states that the current passing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, given the temperature and other physical conditions remain constant.
Among the given options, only "all metals" obey Ohm's law. This is because metals have a linear relationship between their resistance and the applied voltage, meaning that the resistance of a metal remains constant regardless of the voltage applied. As a result, the current passing through a metal is directly proportional to the voltage applied, following Ohm's law.
On the other hand, a diode, all electrolytes, and glass do not obey Ohm's law. A diode is a semiconductor that has a non-linear current-voltage relationship, and its resistance is not constant. Similarly, electrolytes and glass are non-metallic substances that do not have a linear relationship between their resistance and the applied voltage. Their resistance can change significantly with the voltage applied, and hence they do not follow Ohm's law.
Question 30 Report
The force between the molecules of a liquid in contact with that of a solid is?
Answer Details
(ii) Adhesion : The force of attraction between unlike molecules, i.e. between the molecules of different liquids or between the molecules of a liquid and those of a solid body when they are in contact with each other, is known as the force of adhesion. This force enables two different liquids to adhere to each other or a liquid to adhere to a solid body or surface.
Question 31 Report
What is the resultant resistance of the circuit in the image shown?
Answer Details
Formulae resistance in parallel
= 1/R = 1/R1 +1/R2
1/R = 1/2 +1/2 = 1
Resistance are now in series
R = 1 + 3 + 4
= 8 ohms
= 1/R = 1/R1 +1/R2
1/R = 1/2 +1/2 = 1
Resistance are now in series
R = 1 + 3 + 4
= 8 ohms
Question 32 Report
Palm oil from a bottle flows out more easily after it has been heated because the
Answer Details
Molecules cannot be given energy during the heating and the molecules of oil cannot force each other out
Question 33 Report
A boy receives the echo of his clap reflected by a nearby hill 0.8s later. If the speed of sound in air is 3.40ms\(^{-1}\), how far is he from the hill?
Answer Details
The speed of sound in air is given as 3.40 m/s. The echo of the clap is heard 0.8 seconds after it was produced, which means it traveled to the hill and back. The time taken for sound to travel to the hill is half of the time taken for it to travel to and from the hill. Therefore, the time taken for sound to travel to the hill is 0.8/2 = 0.4 seconds.
We can use the formula:
distance = speed x time
to calculate the distance between the boy and the hill.
distance = speed of sound x time taken for sound to travel to the hill
distance = 3.40 m/s x 0.4 s
distance = 1.36 m
Therefore, the distance between the boy and the hill is 1.36 meters.
However, the answer options provided are in meters and are significantly larger than 1.36 meters. It is possible that the speed of sound provided in the question is incorrect or the answer options are incorrect.
Question 34 Report
If the fraction of the atoms of a radioactive material left after 120years is \( \frac{1}{64} \), what is the half-life of the material? \( \frac{1}{64} \)
Answer Details
The half-life of a radioactive material is the time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to decay. The fraction of atoms left after a certain number of half-lives can be calculated using the formula:
fraction left = (1/2)^(number of half-lives)
Let's use this formula to solve the problem. We know that the fraction of atoms left after 120 years is 1/64, which means that:
(1/2)^(number of half-lives) = 1/64
To solve for the number of half-lives, we can take the logarithm of both sides:
log[(1/2)^(number of half-lives)] = log(1/64)
Using the rule that log(a^b) = b*log(a), we can simplify the left side of the equation:
number of half-lives * log(1/2) = log(1/64)
Dividing both sides by log(1/2), we get:
number of half-lives = log(1/64) / log(1/2)
Using a calculator or the change of base formula, we can evaluate this expression:
number of half-lives = 6
Therefore, the half-life of the material is 120/6 = 20 years.
Question 35 Report
A body of mass 100g moving with a velocity if 10ms-1 collides with a wall. If after collision it moves with a velocity of 2.0ms−1 in the opposite direction, calculate the change in momentum.
Answer Details
Momentum = Mass x Velocity
Change in Momentum = Mass x (change in velocity)
Change in Momentum = Mass x (v - u)
Mass = 100g = 0.1kg
U = 2ms−1
V = 10ms−1
Change in momentum = m (v − u)
= 0.1 (10 − 2)
= 0.1 (8)
= 0.8Ns
Change in Momentum = Mass x (change in velocity)
Change in Momentum = Mass x (v - u)
Mass = 100g = 0.1kg
U = 2ms−1
V = 10ms−1
Change in momentum = m (v − u)
= 0.1 (10 − 2)
= 0.1 (8)
= 0.8Ns
Question 36 Report
Which of the following is an essential physical property of the wires uses for making fuses ?
Answer Details
The essential physical property of the wire used for making fuses is low melting point. This means that the wire should have a low temperature at which it melts and breaks, interrupting the flow of electrical current. This is important in a fuse because when there is an overload of electrical current, the wire will melt, breaking the circuit and preventing damage to the electrical system.
The other options, low density, low electrical resistivity, and hypothermal conductivity, are not as important for a fuse wire. Low density is the property of a material to be light, and it doesn't necessarily affect the performance of a fuse wire. Low electrical resistivity is the property of a material to have low resistance to the flow of electrical current, and it doesn't necessarily affect the performance of a fuse wire either. Hypothermal conductivity is the property of a material to conduct heat poorly, and it also doesn't necessarily affect the performance of a fuse wire.
Question 37 Report
A lead bullet of mass 0.05 kg is fired with a velocity of 200 ms into a lead block of mass 0.95 kg. Given that the lead block can move freely. the final kinetic energy after impact is
Answer Details
Question 38 Report
Calculate the effective capacitance of the circuit in the diagram given
Answer Details
The three 2uf capacitors are in parallel to each other so u add them like this
2uf+2uf+2uf=6uf
So u have three capacitors in series
6uf 2uf and 3uf
They are in series so
1/C= 1/6+1/3=1/2
C=2uf
Then the same thing with the last two capay
1/2+1/2=1uf
Thanks
2uf+2uf+2uf=6uf
So u have three capacitors in series
6uf 2uf and 3uf
They are in series so
1/C= 1/6+1/3=1/2
C=2uf
Then the same thing with the last two capay
1/2+1/2=1uf
Thanks
Question 39 Report
The energy needed to move a unit positive charge around a complete electric circuit is called the
Answer Details
The energy needed to move a unit positive charge around a complete electric circuit is called the "electromotive force", also known as "emf". This is because the emf is what drives the flow of electric charge, or current, around the circuit.
Think of it like a battery in a flashlight. The battery provides the emf that drives the flow of electric current through the wires and the light bulb. Without the emf from the battery, the electric charges wouldn't be able to flow and the light wouldn't turn on.
The other answer options, such as electric potential difference and electric energy, are related to the emf but don't specifically refer to the energy needed to move a unit positive charge around a circuit. Kinetic energy, on the other hand, is not related to the movement of electric charges around a circuit at all.
Question 40 Report
The inner diameter of a small test tube can be measured accurately using a
Answer Details
A vernier caliper is a measuring device used to precisely measure linear dimensions. It is a very useful tool to use when measuring the diameter of a round objects like cylinders because the measuring jaws can be secured on either side of the circumference.
Vernier calipers have both a fixed main scale and a moving vernier scale. The main scale is graduated in either millimetres or tenths of an inch. The vernier scale allows much more precise readings to be taken (usually to the nearest 0.02mm or 0.001 inch) in comparison to a standard ruler (which only measures to th nearest 1mm or 0.25 inch).
The vernier scale was invented by French mathematician Pierre Vernier in 1631. As part of the vernier caliper, it is used together with the main scale, and helps to provide very precise measurements. Vernier calipers usually show either imperial or metric measurements, but some measure in both.
Vernier calipers have both a fixed main scale and a moving vernier scale. The main scale is graduated in either millimetres or tenths of an inch. The vernier scale allows much more precise readings to be taken (usually to the nearest 0.02mm or 0.001 inch) in comparison to a standard ruler (which only measures to th nearest 1mm or 0.25 inch).
The vernier scale was invented by French mathematician Pierre Vernier in 1631. As part of the vernier caliper, it is used together with the main scale, and helps to provide very precise measurements. Vernier calipers usually show either imperial or metric measurements, but some measure in both.
