WAEC SSCE - English Language - 2004

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
The plan to upgrade the dispensary to a general hospital did not materialize. This means that

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The most appropriate interpretation of the sentence "The plan to upgrade the dispensary to a general hospital did not materialize" is that the arrangements did not work out as wished. This means that the plan to upgrade the dispensary did not happen as intended or planned. Something went wrong with the arrangements or implementation of the plan, which led to it not materializing.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The correct option to fill the gap in question numbered 89 is "refined". In the context of the passage, "refined" means to process the oil into different fuels or chemicals. This is usually done after the oil has been transported to the shore. Option B, "refined", fits perfectly in the sentence grammatically and contextually, making it the most suitable option to complete the gap.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The word that best completes the gap in question numbered 98 is "copies" (option C). This is because the sentence is talking about the printed materials (books) being stored in the warehouse, and a few of them being sent to the author as copies. The other options don't fit the context of the sentence - "items" is too general, "bulletin" doesn't make sense in this context, and "specimen" implies a sample or prototype, which doesn't fit the context of the sentence either.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
The robbery suspect said he made his earlier confessional statement under duress. This means that he made it

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The most appropriate interpretation of the sentence is A, "because he was forced to." The phrase "under duress" means that the robbery suspect made his earlier confessional statement because he was coerced or threatened, and not necessarily because he believed it to be true. In other words, he made the statement under pressure or compulsion, rather than voluntarily or truthfully. Option B, "in the presence of a judge," is not necessarily related to the phrase "under duress" and is not a likely interpretation of the sentence. Option C, "because he took an oath," is also not related to the phrase "under duress" and is not a likely interpretation of the sentence. Option D, "with the help of his lawyer," is also not related to the phrase "under duress" and is not a likely interpretation of the sentence.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The bananas weren't.............ripe enough to use today

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
.................,you should put in some effort to show that you are interested.

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The best option that completes the sentence is "However tired you are". This is because the sentence is talking about making an effort to show interest, and the phrase "however tired you are" emphasizes that even if you are feeling exhausted or lacking energy, you should still try to show interest. The other options don't fit the sentence structure or convey the intended meaning.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
Mary and Jane are always fighting..........

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The most suitable option to complete the given sentence is "each other". "Each other" is used when referring to two people who are involved in the same activity. In the given sentence, Mary and Jane are two people who are fighting, so the correct word to fill in the blank is "each other".

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
One of the twins was as daring as the other was..........

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The correct answer is B, "timid." The sentence is comparing the level of daring between two twins. The word "daring" implies a sense of boldness, bravery, or courage. Therefore, the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "daring" is "timid," which means shy, hesitant, or lacking confidence. Option A, "morose," means sullen or gloomy, which is not opposite in meaning to "daring." Option C, "secretive," means keeping things hidden or confidential, which is not opposite in meaning to "daring." Option D, "rational," means logical or reasonable, which is not opposite in meaning to "daring."

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The correct option to fill the gap numbered 83 is "natural." In the context of the passage, the sentence discusses the extensive surveys carried out before oil drilling starts to determine how much oil or gas the rock formation is likely to yield. The most suitable word to describe the gas or oil that the rock formation is expected to yield is "natural." "Natural gas" and "natural oil" are terms used to describe fossil fuels that are formed naturally over millions of years. The word "natural" implies that the gas or oil is found in its original state, as opposed to being synthesized or manufactured artificially. Therefore, the correct option to fill the gap numbered 83 is "natural."

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap in question 79 is "fields" (option A). The context of the passage is about the search for oil, which is difficult because the oil fields are often located below the sea. Option A, "fields," is the most appropriate word to complete the sentence as it refers to the underground location where oil is found. Options B, C, and D are not relevant in the context of the passage.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The visitor was very uncomfortable because of his.........nose

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The correct answer is A, "runny." The sentence suggests that the visitor's discomfort is related to his nose. The word "runny" describes a nose that is producing excessive mucus, which can cause discomfort, congestion, and other symptoms. Option B, "watery," describes a nose that is producing an excessive amount of clear liquid, which is not necessarily related to discomfort. Option C, "flowing," describes a nose that is producing a continuous stream of mucus or liquid, which is not necessarily related to discomfort. Option D, "running," is similar in meaning to "runny" and could be considered a possible alternative, but "runny" is more commonly used to describe a nose that is producing excessive mucus.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The missing word in question number 87 is related to oil and how it is transported to the shore. The best option that completes the gap is "crude" (option B). Crude oil refers to oil that has not been processed or refined. So, after reaching the top of the well, crude oil is more often transported in its raw or unrefined state by tanker ships.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The blank space in question 94 refers to the section in a publishing house that is responsible for checking and correcting the manuscript before it goes to print. The best option to complete the gap is letter B, "an editorial." An editorial department is responsible for reviewing and refining written materials, including books, articles, and other forms of written content, to ensure that they are of high quality and are free of errors before being published. Therefore, the option B, "an editorial," is the most suitable choice to complete the gap.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
Amina said that she married a doting man

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The word "doting" means showing excessive love, attention, or fondness towards someone. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word is "loving."

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The teacher asked.............will have the courage to try and lift that heavy log?

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The word that best completes the sentence is 'who'. Explanation: The sentence is asking about the subject of the sentence, who will have the courage to try and lift the heavy log. 'Who' is used to refer to people and is the subject form of the relative pronoun. 'Whom' is used as the object form of the relative pronoun. 'Which' is used to refer to things and 'whomever' is used as the object form of 'whoever'.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The government has approved a new salary structure as an incentive for workers

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The word "incentive" in the sentence means something that motivates or encourages someone to do something. Among the options given, the word that is nearest in meaning to "incentive" is "an encouragement" (option B).

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Jumoke knew that her husband had had a drop too many when he asked her to pack out. This means that her husband was

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The interpretation that is most appropriate for the sentence "Jumoke knew that her husband had had a drop too many when he asked her to pack out" is that her husband was drunk. In the context of the sentence, the phrase "had had a drop too many" is a euphemism for being drunk. The fact that the husband asked Jumoke to pack out, which likely means to leave the house or end the relationship, indicates that he was not in the right state of mind to make such a decision. Therefore, the most appropriate interpretation for the sentence is that Jumoke's husband was drunk.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
Personally, I give in rather easily when it comes to arguments, but Emeka will always..........to his opinion

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The most appropriate option that is nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will correctly fill the gap in the sentence is 'hold on'. This is because "give in" means to surrender or yield to someone or something, while "hold on" means to maintain or keep to one's opinion or position, even in the face of opposition or disagreement. Therefore, if Emeka always "holds on" to his opinion, he is not likely to give in easily like the speaker.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The word that best completes the gap in question 84 is "platform." The passage is discussing the components of an oil rig and describes a "main" structure on which the workers operate, and a "derrick" that supports the drill. The missing word refers to another part of the rig, which would likely be a "platform," a raised horizontal surface where equipment can be placed and work can be performed. A ramp is a sloping surface, a foundation is a base structure, and a scaffold is a temporary structure used for support during construction. None of these options would be suitable for the missing word in this context.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
I should be as .............as Kofi if I were so rejected by a close friend

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The correct answer is C, "aggrieved." The sentence suggests that Kofi has experienced rejection by a close friend and the speaker is comparing their own potential reaction to such an experience. The word "aggrieved" means to feel resentment, anger, or injustice, which is an appropriate response to being rejected by a close friend. Option A, "conscious," means aware or attentive, which is not appropriate in this context. Option B, "timid," means shy or hesitant, which does not make sense in this context. Option D, "courteous," means polite or respectful, which is not appropriate in this context.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
After two years of courtship, Jide is...........Nkechi next Sunday

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The correct option is "getting married to". This means that after two years of courtship, Jide will be marrying Nkechi next Sunday.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
If you do not drive with care you may be charged for..........

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The word "charged" implies that someone may be accused of a wrongdoing. The opposite of the underlined word "recklessness" is "caution". Thus, the correct answer is "caution". Driving with care is the opposite of driving recklessly, and if you don't do so, you may be charged for recklessness.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
There is no question of either of you getting the job, the manager said, This means that

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The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "There is no question of either of you getting the job, the manager said" is that neither of them would get the job.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
Clara, your writing is difficult to read: you must try to make it..............

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The correct answer is B, "legible." The sentence indicates that Clara's writing is difficult to read, so the speaker is suggesting that she make it more legible, or easier to read. "Legible" means that the letters are clear and easy to distinguish, so it is the best option to complete the sentence. Option A, "easier," could work in a broader sense, but it doesn't specifically address the issue of legibility. Option C, "large," suggests making the writing bigger in size, but this may not necessarily make it more legible. Option D, "eligible," is completely unrelated to the sentence and does not make sense in this context.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
I am not going to the cinema tonight, neither ..........you

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The correct option to complete the sentence is "are". The sentence is expressing negation for both the speaker and the person being addressed. The word "neither" is used to indicate this. The structure of the sentence is "neither + auxiliary verb + subject", so the auxiliary verb is needed to complete the sentence. Therefore, the complete sentence is "I am not going to the cinema tonight, neither are you?"

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
That boy is mentally unbalanced, so you should be............of his behaviour

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
It's time we........for the party

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The most appropriate word or group of words to complete the sentence is "left". "It's time we left for the party" means that it is getting late and we should depart now so that we can arrive at the party on time.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
No sooner had we started the journey..........we had a flat Tyre

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap in question number 96 is "typeset". This is because after the manuscript has been corrected for spelling and typing errors, the next step is to typeset the manuscript, which involves arranging the text and formatting it into pages that will eventually be printed. The other options listed are not appropriate for this step in the publishing process.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The teacher asked.............will have the courage to try and lift that heavy log?

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The word that best completes the sentence is "who". This is because "who" is used to refer to people, and in this sentence, the teacher is asking which person will have the courage to try and lift the heavy log. "Whom" is used as the object of a verb or preposition, "which" is used to refer to things, and "whomever" is used as the object of a verb or preposition in a dependent clause.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
My brother............studying in England for two years now

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The sentence is in the present perfect tense, which refers to a completed action that occurred at an unspecified time before now or continues up to the present moment. The correct option to fill in the blank is "has been" (option B), which indicates that the brother has been studying in England for two years up to the present moment. Option A "is" is in the present simple tense and does not indicate a completed action in the past. Option C "was" is in the past simple tense and does not reflect the ongoing nature of the action. Option D "had been" is in the past perfect tense and implies that the brother stopped studying in England at some point in the past.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
The doctor listened to my heart-beat with a ..........

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The word that best completes the sentence is "stethoscope." A stethoscope is a medical instrument used to listen to sounds made by internal organs, especially the heart and lungs. Therefore, it is appropriate to use a stethoscope to listen to the heartbeat. The other options - microscope, scalpel, and chronometer - are not used for listening to the heartbeat.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
He is quite an outspoken young man but his father is ..........

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The underlined word is "outspoken", which means expressing one's opinions or ideas in a very confident and often forceful way. To find the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning, we need to look for a word that means the opposite of "outspoken", which is "taciturn". "Taciturn" means reserved or uncommunicative in speech; saying little. Therefore, the correct answer is "taciturn" as it will correctly fill the gap and is opposite in meaning to "outspoken".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The plane...........at 2 o'clock yesterday

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The correct answer is "took off". This sentence is referring to a past event when an airplane left the ground and began to fly. The phrasal verb "took off" is commonly used to describe this action, while the other options don't have the same meaning. "Take off" means the plane leaves the ground, while "took up" means to begin a hobby or activity, and "take up" means to lift something or occupy space.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
A loyal citizen ought not to abstain.............voting

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The correct option is "from". The sentence is saying that a loyal citizen should not refrain or hold back from voting. Option A, "in", doesn't make sense in the context of the sentence. Option B, "against", implies actively voting against something or someone, which is not what the sentence is stating. Option D, "by", doesn't fit the sentence grammatically. So, option C, "from", is the best choice because it means "to hold back or restrain from something".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The college officer insisted that I show him my credentials before I could be registered

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In this context, "credentials" refers to the documents or certificates that prove a person's qualifications or identity. The option that is nearest in meaning to "credentials" is therefore "qualifications" (option B).

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
There were men on the job day and night all the time that this hotel............

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The sentence is in the past tense, indicating that the construction of the hotel has already been completed. Therefore, the correct option is "was being built," which shows that the construction was ongoing at a particular time in the past.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
She was.........and it was not clear to me what she meant.

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The best option that completes the sentence is "unintelligible". The word "unintelligible" means difficult to understand or comprehend. Therefore, in the sentence, it means that the speaker's words were not clear or easy to understand.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The correct answer is A - royalty. The passage talks about publishing and the business aspect of it. The sentence mentions that the aim of the publisher is not just to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit. In this context, the author is paid a certain percentage of the cover price of the book as a royalty. Therefore, option A - royalty, is the best option to fill the gap in question 100.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
............ride a bicycle but he also drives a car

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The correct option is "Not only does he". This sentence follows the structure of "Not only...but also" to show two things that a person does. The first part of the sentence "Not only" introduces the first action, which is "ride a bicycle", and the second part "but also" introduces the second action, which is "drives a car". Therefore, the correct structure is "Not only does he ride a bicycle but also drives a car".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
I am not going to the stadium with you as I.........that team play before.

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The correct answer is B, "have seen." The sentence is in the present tense, and the speaker is referring to a past experience of watching the team play. The present perfect tense "have seen" is used to indicate that the action was completed at some point in the past, and has relevance to the present moment. Option A, "am seeing," is in the present continuous tense, which would indicate that the action is currently in progress. This does not fit the context of the sentence. Option C, "had seen," is in the past perfect tense, which would indicate that the action was completed before another past action. There is no indication of another past action in the sentence, so this option is not appropriate. Option D, "was seeing," is in the past continuous tense, which would indicate that the action was ongoing in the past. This does not fit the context of the sentence either, as the speaker is referring to a past action that is now complete.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
I shall have to start work...........I can after leaving school.

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The sentence is expressing that the speaker will start work immediately after leaving school. The correct option is "as soon as," which means "at the very moment that" or "immediately after."

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The suspect............when I entered the office

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The most suitable option to complete the sentence is "was being questioned." This is because the sentence is in the past tense, and the word "when" suggests that the action of the suspect being questioned happened at a specific point in the past. The phrase "was being questioned" is in the past continuous tense, which suggests that the action was ongoing at the time of entry into the office. The other options either use the wrong verb tense or the wrong subject-verb agreement.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The story she was reading made her...........

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
Though there is no riot on the campus, the students are restive

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The word "restive" means being unable to stay still or silent and becoming increasingly difficult to control because of boredom or impatience. In the given sentence, "restive" means that the students are feeling restless or agitated, although there is no riot on the campus. Therefore, the word that is nearest in meaning to "restive" is (C) restless.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
Mr Collins does not allow his name to be published in connection with his philanthropy because he........... publicity

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The sentence talks about why Mr Collins does not allow his name to be published in connection with his philanthropy. The word that best completes the sentence is "detests". The sentence suggests that Mr Collins hates publicity, which is why he does not want his name to be published.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
He didn't lose the fight because of his bravery but for his.............

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The underlined word in the sentence is "bravery", which refers to the quality of being brave, courageous, or fearless. The word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "bravery" is "cowardice", which refers to the lack of courage or bravery. Therefore, the correct word to fill the gap in the sentence is "cowardice".

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
A gully, which is a natural phenomenon should not be mistaken for a tunnel, which is..........

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The word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "natural" is "artificial." Thus, the word that will correctly fill the gap in the sentence is "artificial." A gully is a natural occurrence, whereas a tunnel is made by human beings, so it is an artificial creation.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
Ada had only........time to spend with her family before the plane took off.

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The correct option is "little". In the sentence, the word "only" indicates a small amount of time. "Little" means a small amount or not much, so it is the best option to complete the sentence. "A little" means a small amount but implies some positivity or sufficiency, which doesn't fit the context here. "Some" means an unspecified amount, and "small" means little in size or amount, but not necessarily in time.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
It's been rough so far,..............?

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The correct option to complete the sentence is "hasn't it". The phrase "It's been rough so far" indicates that something has been difficult or challenging up until the present moment. The phrase "hasn't it" is a tag question that is used to confirm or seek agreement with a statement. In this context, "hasn't it" is seeking agreement that things have been difficult. For example, if someone says "It's been rough so far, hasn't it?" they are asking for confirmation that things have been difficult up until this point.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
My friend and I quarrelled last week and haven't ..........yet

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The correct answer is "made up." "Made up" means to reconcile with someone after an argument or disagreement. In this context, the speaker is saying that they had a disagreement with their friend and they haven't reconciled yet. The other options do not convey the same meaning. "Made it up" could refer to creating a story or lie. "Made out" could mean kissing or suggesting that someone saw something in the distance. "Made it" could refer to successfully completing a task or arriving at a destination.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
Our plans for the trip fell..........because we had no money

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The word that best completes the sentence is "through". "Our plans for the trip fell through because we had no money" means that our plans were canceled or did not happen because we lacked money.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The prosecutor was accused of obstructing justice

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The sentence means that someone accused the prosecutor of doing something that prevented justice from being served. The word "obstructing" means to block, hinder, or impede something. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to "obstructing" is "hindering" because it also means to create an obstacle or obstruction that slows down or prevents progress.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
It is curious how Bayo can be so carefree in his ways while his younger brother is so..........,,

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The word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "carefree" is "meticulous" because it means paying great attention to detail or being very careful and precise, while carefree means free from anxiety or responsibility. Therefore, the correct option to fill the gap in the sentence is A, "meticulous". The sentence means that Bayo is carefree while his younger brother is very careful or precise in his ways.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
They have tried to circumvent the restriction on the importation of scarce commodities

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The word "circumvent" means to bypass or go around something, often in a tricky or deceptive way. Therefore, the option that best represents the meaning of "circumvent" is A, which means to bypass.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The man preaches humility without matching it with action

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The word "humility" means the quality of being humble, modest, or having a low view of one's importance. Among the options given, the word that is nearest in meaning to "humility" is "modesty." Therefore, the answer is option D - modesty.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
The president complained that too many doctors have..........for better remuneration.

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The word that best completes the sentence is "emigrated." To emigrate means to leave one's country or region to settle in another. In this sentence, the president is complaining that too many doctors have left the country in search of better pay, which fits the definition of emigrating. The other options, repatriated, exiled, and immigrated, do not accurately describe the situation in the sentence. Repatriated means to return to one's own country, exiled means to be forced to leave one's own country, and immigrated means to come into a new country to live permanently.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
I'm sorry I can't find..........of the two books you lent me.

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The correct answer is "either". The sentence implies that there were two books lent, and the speaker is unable to find one of them. "Either" is used when referring to two things or people and means "one or the other of two".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The accident victim was bleeding profusely

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In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The man refused to accept the offer of a job in the rural area: he preferred one in the ............area.

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The word "rural" describes an area in the countryside, while the word that is opposite in meaning to it is "urban" which describes a city or a town. Therefore, the word that will correctly fill the gap in the sentence is "urban."

Choose the option opposite in meaning to the underlined word(s).

Sailors are usually dauntless in their exploits.

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The word "dauntless" means fearless or courageous. So, the option that is opposite in meaning to "dauntless" is "frightened".

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap in question numbered 85 is "stratum" (option D). This is because the passage is describing the process of drilling for oil and gas, and the drill goes down thousands of feet until it reaches "oil or a stratum of gas." A stratum refers to a layer of rock or soil, so this option fits appropriately in the context of the sentence. The other options, such as "pocket," "marsh," and "balloon," do not make sense in the context of the passage.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
.............were asked to represent the school at the quiz competition

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The correct option is "Ngozi and I." When determining whether to use "I" or "me" in a sentence, it is important to consider the sentence structure and the speaker's position in it. In this sentence, the speaker is mentioning two people who were asked to represent the school at a quiz competition. The options presented are "I and Ngozi," "Ngozi and me," "Ngozi and I," and "Myself and Ngozi." To determine the correct option, it is helpful to isolate each subject and consider how it would function in the sentence. "I" is a subject pronoun that is used when the speaker is performing the action in the sentence. "Me" is an object pronoun that is used when the speaker is receiving the action in the sentence. In this sentence, the speaker is not performing any action. Rather, they are simply stating that two people were chosen to represent the school. Therefore, the correct option is "Ngozi and I," as "Ngozi" and "I" are both subject pronouns that function as the subjects of the sentence.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The passage is talking about publishing houses and the process of publishing a book. In the blank numbered 91, the passage is discussing what is submitted by an author to a publisher. The best option to fill in the blank would be "a manuscript" (option D), as it is the most common form in which an author would submit their work to a publisher. A manuscript refers to a written or typewritten work that has not yet been published.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The two brothers fell out and refused to live.......the same roof

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The best option that completes the sentence is "under". It means that the two brothers had a disagreement and as a result, they refused to live in the same house or be in close proximity to each other.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Despite their unrefined behaviour, the visitors were given preferential treatment.This means that the visitors were

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The most appropriate interpretation of the sentence is that the visitors were well-treated despite their unrefined or crude behavior. This implies that they received preferential treatment even though they did not behave in a sophisticated or polished manner.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
.............people turned out for the rally because of the poor publicity

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The correct option to complete the sentence is "a few". The sentence is asking about the number of people who attended a rally, suggesting that perhaps not many people showed up. The phrase "a few" means "some, but not many." For example, if someone says "A few people turned out for the rally because of the poor publicity," they are suggesting that only a small number of people attended the rally due to a lack of publicity.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
It was quite impossible for him not to have noticed that Lola had arrived. This means that he

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From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
The press will no longer be free when the new government starts to ............the newspapers

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The correct answer is D, "censor." The sentence suggests that the press will no longer be free when the new government starts to take action against newspapers. The word "censor" means to examine, control, or suppress information that is considered harmful or sensitive, which would limit the freedom of the press. Option A, "censure," means to express strong disapproval or criticism, but it does not necessarily involve limiting freedom of the press. Option B, "edit," means to make changes or revisions to a text, but it does not necessarily involve limiting freedom of the press. Option C, "publish," means to release or make something available to the public, but it does not necessarily involve limiting freedom of the press.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
Bassey was.............by the girl's story

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After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
We would grant your request if we had money. This means that

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The most appropriate interpretation of the sentence "We would grant your request if we had money" is that we do not have the money and cannot grant your request. The use of the conditional "if" suggests that the granting of the request is dependent on having money, and the use of the past tense "had" suggests that currently, we do not have the necessary funds to grant the request.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to complete the gap in question 95 is "proof-reading". This is because proof-reading involves carefully reading through a manuscript to check for errors in spelling, grammar, and punctuation. It is an important step in the publishing process to ensure that the final product is of high quality and error-free. The other options, such as "reading over", "scanning", and "skimming", do not accurately describe the thoroughness and attention to detail required for proof-reading.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
I won't be able to come to the party as the day's work has tired me..........

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The most appropriate option to complete the sentence is "out". When someone says they are "tired out", it means they are exhausted or completely worn out from physical or mental exertion. In this case, the speaker is unable to attend the party due to feeling completely exhausted after a long day's work.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
Don't let him bully you: you must stand up..........him!

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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In the passage, it is stated that gas is normally transported by laying a "pipeline" below the sea. Therefore, the correct answer is option C, "pipeline". A pipeline is a long tube made of metal or plastic that is used to transport liquids or gases over a long distance. In this case, the pipeline is used to transport gas from the oil rig to the shore.

Choose the option that has a different stress pattern from the other.

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From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The...........engineer designed a new machine

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The correct option to complete the sentence is "brilliant young Nigerian". This is because the adjective 'brilliant' describes the engineer's intelligence, while the adjectives 'young' and 'Nigerian' provide additional information about the engineer's age and nationality respectively. When using multiple adjectives to describe a noun, the order is usually: opinion, size, age, shape, color, origin, material, purpose, so the correct order in this case would be 'brilliant', 'young', and 'Nigerian'.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
When you...............an opponent's point in a debate, you must do so politely

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The word that best completes the sentence is 'refute'. This is because to refute means to prove that a statement or argument is incorrect or false. In a debate, when you refute your opponent's point, you provide evidence or arguments that contradict their point in a polite manner.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Despite their newness on the job, the workers were remunerated rather handsomely. This means that

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The correct interpretation of the sentence is: "the salaries were attractive." The word "remunerated" means paid or compensated, and "rather handsomely" implies that the workers were paid well, despite being new on the job. Therefore, option C, "the salaries were attractive," is the most appropriate interpretation of the sentence.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
She set..........preparing lunch when I came

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The correct answer is "about." "Set about" is an idiom that means to begin or start doing something with determination. Therefore, the sentence means "She started preparing lunch when I came."

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
The company had satisfied itself that the project was feasible before embarking on it

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In this sentence, "feasible" means something that is capable of being done or achieved, that is, practical or possible. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to "feasible" is "practicable".

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The crops the farmer planted will be........in three months' time

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The correct answer for question 81 is "commercial". The sentence talks about the difficulty in oil exploration, which is that oil reserves are often below the sea, making it very expensive to search for oil. Therefore, before exploration starts, surveys are carried out to determine the quantity of oil or gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favorable, an oil rig is towed into position. The word "commercial" fits best in the gap because it refers to the economic aspect of oil exploration. Companies or governments involved in oil exploration need to make a profit, and unless oil is found in commercial quantities, they are liable to lose heavily.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
It was a long time before his surprise wore...........

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The correct option is "off". "Wear off" is an idiomatic expression which means to diminish gradually or disappear after a period of time. In this context, the sentence implies that the person's surprise lasted for a long time before it eventually diminished or disappeared. Therefore, the appropriate word to complete the sentence is "off".

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
my father advised us not to go with the crowd.This means that he advised us not to

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The interpretation that is most appropriate for the sentence "my father advised us not to go with the crowd" is to be unduly influenced by others. This means that the speaker's father advised them to make their own decisions and not blindly follow the opinions or actions of others just because it is the popular thing to do. It is a warning against groupthink or peer pressure.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the one that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word or group of words as it is used in the sentence.
Mr. Haruna plays the piano with great dexterity

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The word "dexterity" in this sentence means "skill". This is because the sentence is saying that Mr. Haruna is skilled at playing the piano, indicating that he can perform difficult movements and techniques with ease and precision. Therefore, the answer is option D: skill.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
My friend's car has...........to a halt.

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap in question numbered 97 is "printing". This is because the previous sentence mentions that the manuscript is prepared for printing, which means that the printed copies of the book are being produced. Therefore, the answer is printing.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences.
Everyone was disappointed to see the pastor doing those things that were............with the morals he preached

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The word that best completes the sentence is "inconsistent." This is because the sentence describes a situation where the pastor was doing things that were not in agreement with the morals he preached. Therefore, the appropriate word to complete the sentence should indicate a lack of consistency or agreement.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
The calculations looked ....simple that he thought he would not get any them wrong

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The word that best completes the sentence is "so". "So" is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. In this sentence, it emphasizes the simplicity of the calculations that the person thought he would not get any of them wrong.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The missing word in the passage is related to the process that takes place before oil extraction. The sentence talks about extensive surveys that are carried out before the oil exploration starts. Therefore, the best option to complete the gap is "prospecting" which means the search for mineral deposits, especially by drilling and excavation. The correct option is letter B.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
He intentionally hid the document but his secretary.............burnt them

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The word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "intentionally" is "accidentally". Therefore, the correct option to fill the gap in the sentence is "accidentally". The sentence would read: "He intentionally hid the document but his secretary accidentally burnt them."

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Onome's father blew his top at the news of his performance in the examination. This means that he

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The interpretation that best fits the sentence "Onome's father blew his top at the news of his performance in the examination. This means that he" is "was very angry".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences.
When she visited us we asked her if she......pounded yam for lunch

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The sentence is in the past tense, and it refers to a specific point in time when the action took place. The correct option to use in this case is the past tense of the verb "want", which is "wanted". Therefore, the correct option is C - wanted.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap numbered 78 is "exploitation". This is because the sentence is discussing the difficulty of accessing oil, which suggests that the process of extracting oil from the ground is being referred to. "Exploitation" refers to the act of utilizing and making use of a resource, which fits in the context of the sentence. Option A, "manufacture", does not make sense in this context as oil cannot be manufactured. Option C, "research", refers to the process of studying and investigating, but does not fit in the context of accessing oil. Option D, "investigation", is also not the best fit as it suggests a process of inquiry rather than the physical extraction of oil.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
Oil is perhaps the most sought – after of all -77- How ever, a major difficulty in its -78- is that oil -79- are very often below the sea -80-. As a result, the search for oil is very expensive, and unless oil is found there in -81- quantities the companies or governments involved are liable to lose heavily. Therefore before -82- starts, extensive surveys are carried out to see how much oil, or -83- gas the rock formation is likely to yield. If the results are favourable an oil rig is towed into position. The rig consists of a main -84- on which the men work and a derrick which supports the drill. This drill goes down thousands of feet until oil or a -85- of gas is reached. The next stage is to transport the gas or oil to the shore. In the case of gas this is normally done by laying a -86- below the sea, but oil on reaching the top of the well is more often transported in its -87- state by -88-. On shore it is -89- into different fuels or it is treated chemically to turn it into a variety of -90- materials such as polythene.
Publishing is a fast growing business and there are therefore many publishing houses all over the country. When -91- is submitted by an author, the publisher sends it to -92- to know if it is actually publishable. This step is important because the publisher wants to make sure that the book catches the -93- when it is actually published. In a good publishing house, there is -94- section which is concerned with -95- the manuscript and correcting both the spelling and typing errors. After this, the manuscript is -96- in readiness for -97-. The printed -98- are then stored in the warehouse and a few of them may be sent to the author as -99- copies. Since it is not just the aim of the publisher to offset the cost of production but also to make some profit, there is a strong marketing division which promotes sales. A certain percentage of the cover price of the book is paid to the author as 100-

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The best option to fill the gap in question 88 is "tanker". This is because the context of the passage is discussing the transportation of oil to the shore, and "tanker" is the most appropriate term for a large ship designed for this purpose. The other options, such as "boat" or "tug", do not accurately convey the size or capacity needed for transporting large quantities of oil. "Transporter" is too general and could refer to any mode of transportation, while "tanker" specifically refers to a ship designed for carrying oil or other liquids in bulk.

The poor state of the facilities in your school is causing the studens freat concern. As the Senior Prefect, write a letter to the chairman of the Board of Governors highlighting the problems and requesting him to come to the aid of the school.

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You are the chief speaker in a debate on the topic "Wealth is more important than health," Write your speech for or against the topic.

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Your father insists that you must study medicine at the University, but you have an entirely different course in mind. Write a letter to him explaining why you prefer this other course and why he should allow you make your own choice. 

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it. 

      It is no longer news that the social and economic problems of African countries continue to worsen. What we experience daily  are the vicious consequences of unemployment, inadequate health and educational facilities, urban squalor resulting from a population bursting at the seams  and, most frightening of all, the rate at which crime is rising It is also no longer news that many Africans now see ''checking out" of their countries for other supposedly better ones abroad as the only solution to the problems. In this regard, the United State, Britain, Canada, Germany and Italy are the hot favourites. Most of these Africans are usually so desperate to leave that they fall easy prey to all sorts of passport and visa fraud, and often end up smuggling themselves abroad at all costs. In such countries, they have to do all manner of menial jobs, sometimes resorting to criminal activities, and are often cut off completely from families and relations back home. Young girls who have been enticed  with assurances of a rosy future often end up in forced prostitution, with all its unpleasant consequences! 
      Is "checking out". the ideal solution to Africa's social and economic problems? Of course not! What is baffling is why Africans cannot see abandoning their countries as a step that holds out  no solution at all. All that they achieve, in fact, is the substitution of one set of problems for another! 
      What then should we do? We must look inwards for a more realistic solution. First, we must develop the will to tackle our problems. Where there is a will, it is said, there is a way. If we abandon our problems instead of tackling them on, we will simply be leaving an unpleasant legacy for future generations. Secondly, we must orient ourselves tows res self-reliance and self-employment, instead of looking helplessly to our embattled government for salaried employment, 
      Finally, we must seek a long-term solution by addressing the population question. It is obvious that Africa's outsize population is at the root of the problems. The question we should ask ourselves is. if the average family size in America or Britain were to be as large as the average African family, would these countries still be as attractive to us as they are now? The big puzzle is that we have adopted the white man's lifestyle in all other respects, but have made an exception of family size. 
(a) Mention two sequences of the usual desperation of Africans to leave their countries. 
(b) The writer argues that escaping abroad is not the ideal solution to Africa's problems. Quote one sentence from the passage that sums up the writer's recommended solution. 
(c)According to the writer, why should Africans solve their problems rather than avoid them? 
(d) What does the writer consider the most serious cause of African's problems? 
(e) What does the writer imply by using the word "supposedly" in the second paragraph? 
(f) "What we experience daily . " (i) What grammatical name is given to this expression as it is used in the passage? 
(ii) What is its function? 
(g) " a population bursting at the seams " What figure of speech is contained in this expression? 
(h) For each of the following words or phrases. find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage. (i) prey' (ii) enticed: (iii) ideal; (iv) holds out; (v) tackle: (vi) head-on. 

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it. 

      When Eze was invited to spend his Easter holidays with Uncle Chike in Lagos, he jumped for joy! He had always pictured Lagos as a wonderland of bright lights, paved roads, elegant people riding by in their expensive cars, and beautiful residential quarters. This invitation was the wonderful opportunity for him to leave his small village for the first time and experience first-hand the good life of the city that he had imagined so much about! 
      The fateful day came and Eze, happy as a lark, bid an excited good-bye to his family. The first leg of his trip started modestly in the back of the rickety lorry that plied the dirt road linking his village to the rest of the world, but Eze was sure that he would later ride triumphantly into Lagos on one of those legendary luxury buses that he admired so much. This was also an experience to look forward to!  
      When he arrived in Lagos, it was almost dark. The first things that struck him as he alighted from the bus were the teeming crowd with their desperate unsmiling faces, the deafening noise of the ceaseless traffic, the polluted air with its acrid smell of exhaust fumes and decay, the endless rows of dirty and crumbling concrete buildings, and the filth everywhere. What a sharp contrast with the city he had built up in his imagination! But surely there must still be much to look forward to. Back in the village, Uncle Chike was regarded as a well-to-do trader. So Eze was further surprised and disappointed to find that he lived in a single room in a sleazy part of the city. At night, it got hot and stuffy, but they dared not open the windows as this would bring an invasion  of mosquitoes. 
      Eze woke up the next morning feeling clammy, but he could still not have a bath. As his uncle took him to a shack across the street for a hurried  breakfast of thin tea and mouldy bread, he explained that they usually bought water from a mobile tanker that had not come for some time. Eze was still recovering from his surprise at this information when they rushed off for his uncle s market stall, and he had his first unpleasant ride in one of the notorious molue buses of the city. 
      As they struggled down from the bus, shoving against the solid mass of desperate, bad-tempered commuters, Eze thought of his village, and the city suddenly lost whatever was left of its attraction  for him. True, the village was small; life there was monotonous, and it lacked some essential amenities_ But it was peaceful; you drank clean water and ate what you wanted fresh; you moved about freely and breathed clean air; and everyone was friendly and helpful. Greatly disillusioned with the city, Eze longed to return to his beloved village! 
(a) State two experiences that Eze looked forward to. 
(b) Mention any two features of the city that Eze noticed at once 
(c) What two discoveries surprised and disappointed Eze when he arrived in the city? 
(d) Mention any two experiences in the city that Eze found unpleasant. 
(e) What conclusion did Eze draw from his experiences in. the city? 
(f) " as a lark ..." What figure of speech is contained in this expression? 
(g) "When he arrived. in Lagos,..." (i) What grammatical name is given to this expression as it is used in the passage? 
(ii) What is its function? . 
(h) For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage. (i) pictured; (ii) stuffy; (iii) invasion; (iv) hurried; (v) attraction; (vi) monotonous. 

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it. 

      For some, grass is just the green stuff outside the house that they have to mow. For farmers and football players, it is indispensable. For children it is the ideal playground. And those who live in most urban areas assume they have very little to do with grass of any sort. However, almost all of us have daily contact with some type of grass and the product made from it. 
      Grass makes up a major part of the vegetation that covers the earth And no wonder, since it is one of the most adaptable plant groups on earth, growing in polar regions and deserts in tropical rain forests, and on wind-swept mountain slopes. Entire vegetation areas are dominated by grass. 
      Unlike many other plants, grass grows, not at the tip but in growth areas above the nodes. New shoots might start from stems growing horizontally on or under the ground. So when the lawn mower or the cow cuts away the tip, or fire rages through a field. grass keeps growing whereas many other plants stop Furthermore. with most grasses, if the - stem is bent over by the wind or trodden underfoot, it can raise itself erect by growing faster on the side facing the ground. For these reasons, grass usually recovers quickly after being damaged. which gives it an edge over other plants in the fight for sunlight. 
      Grass is not only the most abundant but also the most important flowering plant family on earth. A botanist once described grass as the foundation of our food it is "like a dam protecting mankind from famine." Try to remember what you ate today. Did you start with a bowl of cereal made with millet. rice, oats, or sorghum? Well, then, you ate grass seeds. Or perhaps you had a roll or other kind of bread. The flour used was made from grass kernels - wheat, rye, barley, and other grains are all grasses Cornflakes and other corn products are no exception. as corn or maize is a grass too. You had sugar in your tea or coffee? More than half of all sugar is made from sugarcane, a grass. 
      Grass is not only good for food, however. If your house has walls made of clay and straw, it is grass that gives them the necessary strength. In different parts of the world. roofs are thatched with grass. One of the advantages of such roofs is that they keep the interior of the buildings cool regardless of the external temperature. 
      Grass covers and adorns much of the earth. Apart from the beautiful, peaceful, and relaxing sight of a green meadow or a well-kept lawn, grass is a major oxygen supplier, because of the sheer mass of the green vegetation that it produces.

      Finally, its fine roots perform the all-important function of protecting the soil from erosion. Keeping its versatility in mind we are not surprised to learn that the usage and cultivation of grass has a long history. The next time you see a waving cornfield, a lush green meadow, or just humble blades of grass growing between stones in a sidewalk, you might stop and think of this marvelous and most versatile plant family! 
(a) In two sentences, one for each, summarize the two reasons why grass forms a major part of the earth's vegetation. 
(b) In four sentences, one for each, summarize the four ways in which grass is useful to humans. 

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Write an article suitable for publication in a national newspaper on the benefits that will be derived from the government showing interest in agriculture. 

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Write a story on the topic: "An experience I'd love to have again."

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