JAMB UTME - Physical Education - 2023

Which of the following is not a skill in Judo ?

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In Judo, one of the most important things to understand is that it is primarily a **grappling martial art**. While there are various skills involved, we need to identify the skill that does not belong to Judo. Out of the given options, **kicking** is the skill that is not a part of Judo. In fact, Judo specifically focuses on throwing and groundwork techniques rather than striking or kicking. Let's briefly discuss the other skills mentioned in the options: - **Gripping**: This skill is crucial in Judo as it involves controlling and manipulating your opponent's body by gripping their uniform (gi). - **Stance**: A correct and balanced stance is essential in Judo. It provides stability, power, and control during throwing techniques. - **Falling**: Falling or **ukemi** is an integral part of Judo. Proper falling techniques are taught to Judo practitioners to ensure their safety during training and competition. Therefore, it is clear that **kicking** is not a skill in Judo, whereas gripping, stance, and falling are all fundamental aspects of this martial art.

Saliva helps in the digestion of

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Saliva helps in the digestion of starch.
Starch is a carbohydrate that is found in foods like rice, potatoes, bread, and pasta. When we eat foods containing starch, our body needs to break it down into smaller molecules so that it can be absorbed and used for energy.
This is where saliva comes in! When we chew our food, our salivary glands produce saliva that contains an enzyme called amylase. Amylase is responsible for breaking down the starch molecules into smaller sugar molecules called glucose.
By breaking down starch, saliva helps to start the process of digestion and makes it easier for our body to absorb and utilize the energy from the food we eat.
Saliva doesn't directly help in the digestion of proteins, fats, or vitamins. These nutrients are broken down by different enzymes and processes in our digestive system.
In summary, saliva plays an important role in the digestion of starch by producing an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into smaller sugar molecules.

The sideways curvature of the spine is called ?

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The sideways curvature of the spine is called scoliosis.
Scoliosis is when the spine curves to the side instead of being straight. It can occur in different parts of the spine and vary in severity.
Causes of scoliosis include genetic factors, muscle imbalances, and certain medical conditions. Sometimes, the cause is unknown.
It is important to detect scoliosis early because it can worsen over time and lead to pain, breathing difficulties, and reduced mobility.
Treatment for scoliosis depends on the severity and individual needs. It may include exercises, braces, or in severe cases, surgery. Regular check-ups and monitoring are essential to manage scoliosis effectively.

Herbert Macaulay is considered as the founder of Nigerian Nationalism. He was a Nigerian nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and musician and is considered by many Nigerians as the founder of Nigerian nationalism.

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Herbert Macaulay is considered the founder of Nigerian Nationalism because of his significant contributions to the nationalist movement in Nigeria. He played a key role in advocating for Nigeria's independence from British colonial rule and in mobilizing Nigerians to fight for their rights and freedom.
Macaulay was a multi-talented individual who excelled in various fields. He was a nationalist, politician, engineer, architect, journalist, and even a musician. Through his diverse skills and talents, he was able to engage with people from different backgrounds and effectively communicate his ideas and goals.
As a politician, Macaulay used his platform to advocate for constitutional reforms and the inclusion of Nigerians in the governance of their own country. He founded the Nigerian National Democratic Party (NNDP) in 1923, which became a prominent political party advocating for Nigerian interests.
Macaulay's journalistic skills were instrumental in spreading awareness and mobilizing Nigerians for the nationalist cause. He founded and edited the newspaper Lagos Daily News, which became a powerful tool for disseminating information and shaping public opinion.
Furthermore, Macaulay's engineering and architectural expertise enabled him to contribute to the development and modernization of Lagos. He played a key role in urban planning and infrastructure projects, which helped improve the quality of life for Nigerians.
Macaulay's unwavering commitment to Nigerian nationalism and his tireless efforts in fighting for independence laid the foundation for future nationalist leaders, such as Tafawa Balewa, Aguyi Ironsi, and Ahmadu Bello. While these individuals also made significant contributions to Nigerian nationalism, it was Macaulay who paved the way and inspired others to join the cause.
In conclusion, Herbert Macaulay is widely regarded as the founder of Nigerian nationalism due to his integral role in advocating for Nigeria's independence, his contributions to various fields, and his ability to mobilize and unite Nigerians in the nationalist movement.

Which of the following is a field event ?

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A field event is a type of athletic competition that takes place in a designated area or field rather than on a track. It involves athletes competing in various events that require physical strength, skill, and technique.
Out of the options provided, javelin throw is the field event. In javelin throw, an athlete throws a long spear-like object called a javelin as far as possible within a marked area. The aim is to achieve the maximum distance with proper technique, accuracy, and strength.
On the other hand, hurdles race, 100m race, and relay race are all track events. In hurdles race, athletes run and jump over a series of hurdles placed at regular intervals on the track. The objective is to complete the race in the shortest possible time while clearing all the hurdles.
In a 100m race, athletes compete to run a distance of 100 meters in the fastest time possible, with the finish line being the determining factor.
A relay race involves a team of runners passing a baton from one runner to another, usually in a circular or linear track. The goal is to complete the race in the shortest time by efficiently transferring the baton between team members.
Therefore, among the options mentioned, only javelin throw can be categorized as a field event as it takes place in a designated area and requires throwing a javelin for distance.

Which of the following is not an objective of physical Eduaction ?

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The objective of physical education is to promote overall well-being and enhance various aspects of an individual's life through physical activities. It aims to improve physical fitness, develop the habit of sportsmanship, and enhance emotional stability. However, **"To be able to bully people"** is not an objective of physical education. Physical education focuses on teaching students about the importance of physical health and well-being. It aims to help students develop and maintain a healthy lifestyle by engaging in regular physical activities. Through physical education, students learn about the importance of physical fitness, including cardiovascular and muscular endurance, flexibility, and strength. Another objective of physical education is to develop the habit of sportsmanship. This includes teaching students about fair play, teamwork, and respect for others. Sportsmanship encourages students to compete with integrity, showing respect for their opponents and abiding by the rules of the game. It promotes values such as cooperation, discipline, and fair competition. Additionally, physical education plays a role in developing emotional stability. Engaging in physical activities can help students manage stress, improve their mood, and develop a positive mindset. Physical education classes often include activities that promote relaxation, stress reduction, and mental well-being. However, **"To be able to bully people"** does not align with the objectives of physical education. Bullying goes against the principles of sportsmanship and personal well-being. Physical education aims to create a safe and inclusive environment where all students can participate and enjoy physical activities without fear or intimidation. In conclusion, physical education objectives focus on developing physical fitness, promoting sportsmanship, and enhancing emotional stability. It does not aim to encourage or support bullying behavior, as the well-being and respect for others are fundamental principles of physical education.

A deuce in a table tennis game means

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In a table tennis game, a deuce means that both players have reached a point of tie. It happens when the score reaches 10-10. At this point, the game becomes a deuce, and players continue playing until one player gets a lead of 2 points. So, a deuce is not a loss, a win, or a foul. It simply indicates a tie in the game where players need to score 2 consecutive points to win the game.

1. The human ankle has _____ bones

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Ankle is known as tarsus in humans. It contains seven bones called tarsal's. It is arranged in three rows having gliding joints

Which of the following is not a benefit of recreation ?

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Benefits of recreation
- It helps to correct postural defect
- It provides opportunity for creativity and self expression
- It raises the health and fitness level of the participant

The following are the examples of sports except

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marketing, the sum of activities involved in directing the flow of goods and services from producers to consumers

Which organ is not part of the alimentary canal?

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The organ that is not part of the alimentary canal is the skin.
The alimentary canal is a long tube-like structure in our body that is responsible for the process of digestion. It begins at the mouth and ends at the anus. The purpose of the alimentary canal is to break down the food we eat into smaller, absorbable molecules that our body can use for energy, growth, and repair.
The organs that make up the alimentary canal include the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine (which consists of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), and large intestine (which consists of the colon and rectum). These organs work together to digest and absorb nutrients from the food we consume.
However, the skin is not part of the alimentary canal. The skin is the outer covering of our body and serves as a protective barrier against the external environment. It plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature, preventing water loss, and protecting our internal organs from injury and infections. While the skin is important for our overall health and well-being, it is not involved in the digestion process like the organs of the alimentary canal are.
In summary, the skin is not part of the alimentary canal because it is not involved in the process of digestion. The alimentary canal consists of organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, which work together to break down and absorb nutrients from the food we eat.

Which of the following is an indoor recreational activity?

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An indoor recreational activity refers to an activity that can be enjoyed indoors, typically within a building or a closed space. Out of the given options, the only activity that can be considered as an indoor recreational activity is playing chess.
Swimming, hiking, and jogging all take place outdoors and require open spaces like pools, mountains, or parks. These activities involve physical movements in natural or outdoor environments. On the other hand, playing chess is an intellectual and strategic game that can be played indoors. It is usually played on a chessboard and involves planning and outwitting your opponent by moving different chess pieces on the board.
Playing chess can be enjoyed in the comfort of a home, a chess club, or any indoor space that provides a suitable environment to set up the chessboard and focus on the game. It does not require any specific physical fitness level or a large area, making it accessible to people of different ages and abilities.
In conclusion, playing chess is the only indoor recreational activity out of the options given. It is a mentally stimulating game that can be enjoyed indoors without the need for outdoor spaces or physical exertion.

What year was the first modern olympic game held ?

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The first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896. These games marked the revival of the ancient Greek tradition of hosting athletic competitions. The idea behind the modern Olympics was to promote peace and goodwill among nations through sports.
The Olympic Games were first organized by a French nobleman named Pierre de Coubertin. He believed that sports could bring people from different countries together and promote understanding and friendship.
The city of Athens, Greece was chosen as the host for the inaugural modern Olympic Games. This was a significant choice because it was in Greece where the ancient Olympics were held for centuries.
The first modern Olympics brought together athletes from 14 different countries to compete in various sporting events. The games included events such as athletics, cycling, swimming, and gymnastics.
The opening ceremony of the 1896 Olympics was a simple affair compared to the elaborate ceremonies we see today. It took place in the Panathenaic Stadium, a venue with historical significance dating back to ancient times.
The Olympic Games have been held every four years since 1896, with a few interruptions due to world wars. They have grown in scale and popularity over the years, becoming one of the most prestigious sporting events in the world.
In conclusion, the first modern Olympic Games were held in 1896 in Athens, Greece. These games marked the revival of the ancient Greek tradition and aimed to promote peace and goodwill among nations through sports.

The following are examples of protein foods except

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Proteins are essential nutrients needed for the growth, repair, and maintenance of our body tissues. They are composed of smaller units called amino acids.
Out of the given options, rice is an example of a food that is not primarily a protein source. While rice does contain a small amount of protein, it is relatively low compared to the other options.
On the other hand, fish, egg, and beans are all excellent sources of protein. Fish, especially fatty fish like salmon, is rich in high-quality protein and also provides healthy omega-3 fatty acids. Eggs are considered a complete protein as they contain all the essential amino acids our body needs. Beans, including options like lentils, chickpeas, and black beans, are also great sources of protein, especially for those following a vegetarian or vegan diet.
To summarize, while fish, egg, and beans are examples of protein-rich foods, rice is not primarily known as a significant source of protein.

The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently to allow you to be healthy and perform activities of daily living is

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The ability of the body systems to work together efficiently to allow you to be healthy and perform activities of daily living is physical fitness. Physical fitness refers to the overall condition of your body and how well it can perform physical activities. It involves different aspects such as strength, endurance, flexibility, and cardiovascular health.
When your body systems, such as the respiratory, circulatory, muscular, and skeletal systems, are in good condition and work together harmoniously, you have a higher level of physical fitness. This means your body can efficiently carry out tasks and movements, allowing you to have the energy and stamina to engage in activities without getting tired quickly.
Physical fitness also plays a vital role in maintaining good posture. Having strong muscles and a flexible body can help support your spine and maintain proper alignment, reducing the risk of developing posture-related issues.
Additionally, physical fitness has a positive impact on the immune system. Regular exercise and staying physically active can boost your immune system and help protect against various illnesses and diseases. When you are physically fit, your body is better equipped to fight off infections and recover more quickly.
In summary, physical fitness is essential for the body systems to work together efficiently. It allows you to stay healthy, have the energy and stamina for daily activities, maintain good posture, and enhance the functionality of your immune system.

The capacity to change direction effectively and quickly while maintaining body posture is called ?

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The capacity to change direction effectively and quickly while maintaining body posture is called agility. Agility is the ability to move and change direction with ease, speed, and precision. It involves coordination, balance, and quick reflexes.
Agility is not just about being fast, but also being able to control your body movements and maintain balance while moving in different directions. It requires flexibility, strength, and an awareness of your body positioning.
Having good agility is important in many sports and physical activities, such as basketball, soccer, tennis, and martial arts. It allows athletes to quickly change direction, dodge opponents, and react to unexpected situations.
By training and improving agility, individuals can enhance their overall performance in sports, reduce the risk of injury, and improve body control. Agility drills, exercises, and practice can help improve reaction time, coordination, and body awareness.
In summary, agility is the ability to change direction quickly, maintain body posture, and move with precision. It is an essential skill for athletes and can be developed through training and practice.

In the bucal cavity of human beings, digestion of which of the following get started

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In the bucal cavity of human beings, digestion of carbohydrates gets started.
The bucal cavity, also known as the mouth, plays an important role in the process of digestion. When we eat food, it enters the mouth where it gets broken down into smaller pieces by our teeth through the process of chewing.
Carbohydrates are one of the main types of nutrients found in our food. They are present in foods like bread, rice, potatoes, and fruits.
In the mouth, the salivary glands produce saliva, which contains an enzyme called amylase. When we chew carbohydrates, the amylase in saliva helps to break them down into smaller molecules called sugars. This process is known as digestion.
So, in conclusion, the digestion of carbohydrates gets started in the bucal cavity of human beings.

Which of the following cannot be found in a first aid box ?

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A first aid box is typically a container that stores medical supplies to provide immediate care for injuries and illnesses. It is important to have the necessary items in a first aid box to effectively and safely administer first aid.
Let's go through each option to determine which one cannot be found in a first aid box:
- Gloves: Gloves are an essential item found in a first aid box. They are used to protect both the person giving first aid and the person receiving it. Gloves create a barrier that helps prevent the spread of germs and reduces the risk of infection.
- Hand sanitizer: Hand sanitizer is also commonly found in a first aid box. It is used to clean hands when soap and water are not available. It helps kill germ and reduces the chance of spreading infection.
- Bandages: Bandages are another crucial item in a first aid box. They are used for covering wounds, controlling bleeding, and providing support to injured body parts. There are various types of bandages, such as adhesive bandages, elastic bandages, and sterile dressings.
- Soda drinks: Soda drinks, such as carbonated beverages, cannot be found in a first aid box. While it may be tempting to include cold drinks for rehydration, first aid boxes are designed specifically for medical emergencies and do not typically contain food or drinks.
In conclusion, the item that cannot be found in a first aid box is soda drinks. It is important to prioritize medical supplies that are essential in providing immediate care for injuries and illnesses.

How many pairs of the spinal nerve are located in human?

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31 pairs of spinal nerves are located in the human body.

The spinal nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system, which is responsible for transmitting signals between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the rest of the body.

The nerves emerge from the spinal cord in the vertebral column and pass through spaces called intervertebral foramina to reach different parts of the body.

There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves in total:

- 8 pairs of cervical nerves (C1-C8): These emerge from the nekc area and supply signals to the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands.

- 12 pairs of thoracic nerves (T1-T12): These emerge from the upper back area and supply signals to the chest, abdomen, and back.

- 5 pairs of lumbar nerves (L1-L5): These emerge from the lower back area and supply signals to the lower back, buttocks, and legs.

- 5 pairs of sacral nerves (S1-S5): These emerge from the pelvis area and supply signals to the pelvis, genitals, and legs.

- 1 pair of coccygeal nerves: These emerge from the base of the spine and supply signals to the tailbone area.

Each pair of spinal nerves has a sensory component, which carries signals from the body to the spinal cord and a motor component, which carries signals from the spinal cord to the muscles and organs.

By having 31 pairs of spinal nerves, the human body is able to send and receive signals to and from every part of the body, allowing for movement, sensation, and control over bodily functions.

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The sport injury that results in the break of bone is called fracture.
A fracture occurs when there is a break in the continuity of a bone. This can happen as a result of a sports-related injury where there is a direct impact or excessive force applied to the bone. Fractures can vary in severity, ranging from a small crack to a complete break.
Unlike a sprain, which involves damage to the ligaments connecting bones, a fracture specifically refers to a break in the bone itself.
Similarly, a strain is an injury to the muscles or tendons, while a bruise is the result of damage to the blood vessels under the skin.
It is important to note that fractures require medical attention and proper treatment, which may involve immobilizing the affected area, using casts or splints, and in some cases, surgery. Prompt and appropriate management is crucial to ensure proper healing and minimize complications.

Which of the following is not a swimming stroke ?

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The swimming stroke that is not listed among the options is the downstroke.

Let's briefly discuss the other three swimming strokes to understand why the downstroke is not considered a swimming stroke:

Crawl: Also known as freestyle, the crawl is the fastest and most commonly used stroke in competitive swimming. It involves a continuous alternating arm motion and a flutter kick. Swimmers move their arms in a windmill-like pattern, pulling the water towards them, while their legs kick in a repetitive up and down motion.

Backstroke: As the name suggests, swimmers swim on their backs, facing up. The main propulsive force in backstroke comes from the alternating arm movement, similar to the crawl stroke. The arms move in a wider arc, and the hands enter the water pinky-first. The legs perform a flutter kick, similar to that of the crawl stroke.

Breaststroke: The breaststroke is the slowest of the four competitive swimming strokes, but it is often considered the most graceful. Swimmers synchronize a frog-like kick and an arm pull to propel themselves through the water. The arms move together in a half-circle motion underwater, while the legs kick outwards and then back inwards simultaneously.

Downstroke: The term "downstroke" does not correspond to any recognized swimming stroke. It may be a term used in other contexts or in certain swimming drills, but it is not a distinct swimming stroke like the crawl, backstroke, or breaststroke.

Which of the following is the international governing body responsible for soccer ?

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The international governing body responsible for soccer is FIFA. FIFA stands for the Fédération Internationale de Football Association. It is the organization that governs and regulates the sport of soccer on a global scale. FIFA is responsible for organizing international competitions such as the FIFA World Cup, which is held every four years and is considered the most prestigious tournament in soccer.
FIFA is in charge of creating and enforcing the rules and regulations of the game. They ensure fair play and provide guidance to national soccer associations and clubs. FIFA also works to develop and promote soccer at all levels, from grassroots to professional.
One of FIFA's important roles is to oversee the national soccer associations and ensure that they comply with the rules and principles of the game. They also promote the values of soccer, such as inclusivity, diversity, and respect.
In summary, FIFA is the international governing body for soccer, responsible for organizing competitions, creating rules, developing the sport, and maintaining its integrity globally.

Which of the following is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton?

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The vestigial bony part of the human skeleton is the Coccyx.
The coccyx, also known as the tailbone, is a small triangular structure located at the bottom of the vertebral column. It consists of three to five fused vertebrae.
In the past, the coccyx had a more functional role in our ancestors who had tails. However, over millions of years of evolution, the tail became unnecessary for human survival and gradually disappeared.
Today, the coccyx serves as a vestigial structure, meaning it is a remnant of our evolutionary past that no longer has a significant function. It is a reduced and modified version of what used to be a functional tail.
Function: While the coccyx no longer has a significant role in humans, it does serve as an attachment point for several muscles, tendons, and ligaments. These structures help support our body weight when we sit or stand and also play a role in stabilizing our pelvis.
Development: During embryonic development, the coccyx starts as separate vertebrae. However, as the fetus develops, these vertebrae gradually fuse together to form the coccyx. This fusion is typically complete by early adulthood.
Importance: Although the coccyx is a vestige of our evolutionary past with no significant function in modern humans, it can still be susceptible to injury or discomfort. Falls, trauma during childbirth, or prolonged sitting on hard surfaces can lead to coccyx pain or fracture.
To summarize, the coccyx is the vestigial bony part of the human skeleton. It is a remnant of our evolutionary history when our ancestors had tails. Although it no longer has a significant function, it serves as an attachment point for muscles and plays a role in supporting our pelvis.

The external openings of the nasal cavity that admit air to the lungs are called ?

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The external openings of the nasal cavity that admit air to the lungs are called nostrils.
The nostrils, also known as the nares, are the two openings at the base of the nose. They are responsible for allowing air to enter our respiratory system. When we breathe in, air flows through the nostrils and passes into the nasal cavity, which is a hollow space inside the nose.
The nostrils play an essential role in the respiratory process. As we inhale, the air enters the nasal cavity and is filtered, moistened, and warmed before it reaches the lungs. The nostrils are lined with small hairs called cilia, which help to filter out dust, pollen, and other particles from the air we breathe. The nose also contains mucus-secreting cells that moisten the air, preventing it from drying out the delicate lung tissues. Additionally, the nasal cavity has a rich blood supply, which helps to warm the air before it reaches the lungs, ensuring that it is at the right temperature for optimal breathing.
In summary, the nostrils are the external openings of the nasal cavity that allow air to enter the respiratory system. They filter, moisten, and warm the air, preparing it for the lungs to ensure efficient respiration.

The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobile is ______

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The type of hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide.
When we drive cars, they burn gasoline or diesel fuel to produce energy that moves the car. However, this burning process also produces harmful gases as byproducts. One of these gases is carbon monoxide (CO).
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is very harmful to humans and the environment. It is produced when there is not enough oxygen during the burning process, which is common in the engines of cars.
When we inhale carbon monoxide, it binds to our red blood cells more easily than oxygen, reducing the amount of oxygen our body can carry. This can lead to serious health problems, especially for people with heart or lung conditions.
Additionally, carbon monoxide is a greenhouse gas that contributes to climate change. It traps heat in the atmosphere, leading to higher global temperatures and disrupting the natural balance of our planet.
In summary, the hazardous pollution caused by automobiles is carbon monoxide. It is harmful to both human health and the environment, making it important for us to find ways to reduce its emissions from vehicles.

Which of the following is not an institutional game in Nigeria ?

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The institutional games in Nigeria are organized competitive events between universities or institutions. Three out of the four options given are actually institutional games in Nigeria, namely NATCEGA, NUGA, and NIPOGA.
NATCEGA stands for National Theatre Command Entertainment Games. It is an annual event that brings together theater command troops from various branches of the Nigerian military for friendly competitions in various sporting activities. This helps to foster camaraderie and promote physical fitness among the military personnel.
NUGA stands for Nigerian Universities Games Association. It is an annual multi-sport event that brings together universities from all over Nigeria to compete against each other in various sporting disciplines. The aim of NUGA is to promote sports development and healthy competition among university students.
NIPOGA stands for Nigerian Polytechnic Games. It is a biennial sporting event that brings together polytechnics and similar institutions in Nigeria for friendly competitions in different sports. NIPOGA provides an avenue for students and staff of polytechnics to showcase their sporting talents and promote healthy competition.
That leaves us with the NBA as the option that is not an institutional game in Nigeria. The NBA, or Nigerian Bar Association, is a professional association of lawyers and legal practitioners in Nigeria. While the NBA organizes conferences, workshops, and other professional events, it is not specifically focused on organizing sporting competitions among institutions or universities. Thus, the NBA is not an institutional game in Nigeria.

The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your:

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The amount of force you can put out is dependent on your muscular strength. Muscular strength refers to the maximum amount of force that a muscle or group of muscles can generate. It is determined by factors such as muscle size, fiber type, and the ability of the muscles to contract. Stamina, agility, and muscular endurance are all related to physical performance, but they do not directly determine the amount of force that can be exerted. - Stamina is the ability to sustain prolonged physical or mental effort. It is more focused on maintaining energy levels and enduring long-duration activities rather than generating high levels of force. - Agility is the ability to change direction quickly and efficiently. It involves coordination, balance, and speed. While agility is important for overall physical performance, it does not necessarily correlate with the amount of force that can be produced. - Muscular endurance refers to the ability of a muscle or group of muscles to repeatedly exert force or sustain an activity over an extended period. It is related to the capacity to resist fatigue, but it does not directly determine the maximum force output. Therefore, the primary factor affecting the amount of force you can put out is your muscular strength. Developing and improving muscular strength through proper training and exercise can increase your ability to generate force and perform tasks that require strength.

After digestion protein is converted into

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After digestion, proteins are converted into amino acids.
During the process of digestion, proteins are broken down into smaller molecules called peptides through the action of enzymes in the stomach and small intestine. These peptides are then further broken down by other enzymes into individual amino acids.
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are crucial for various biological processes in the body. They are essential for the growth and repair of tissues, the synthesis of enzymes and hormones, and the functioning of the immune system.
Once proteins have been converted into amino acids, they can be absorbed into the bloodstream and transported to various cells in the body, where they are used to build new proteins or used as a source of energy.
Therefore, the correct answer is amino acid.

Which of the following is an indoor game ?

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One of the options in the list that is an indoor game is chess.
Chess is a strategic board game that is played between two players. It is typically played indoors on a square board consisting of 64 squares of alternating colors. The objective of the game is to checkmate the opponent's king, which means putting the opponent's king in a position where it is under immediate attack and cannot escape capture.
Chess is considered an indoor game because it is typically played in a controlled environment, such as indoors at home, in schools, or in chess clubs. The game requires a calm and quiet setting, as players need to concentrate, think ahead, and plan their moves strategically.
Unlike outdoor games such as sprinting, soccer, and swimming, which require physical activity and are played in open spaces, chess is a mental and intellectual game that can be enjoyed indoors. It can be played at any time, independent of weather conditions. Chess also promotes critical thinking, problem-solving, and decision-making skills, making it a popular choice for intellectual stimulation and competition.
In summary, chess is an indoor game because it is played on a board, requires mental effort, and is typically enjoyed in a controlled environment, providing an opportunity for strategic thinking and intellectual engagement.

Fruit and vegetables are important because

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Fruits and vegetables are important for several reasons:

1. They give you energy: Fruits and vegetables are packed with carbohydrates, which are the body's main source of energy. They provide us with the fuel we need to go about our daily activities.

2. They are easily available: Fruits and vegetables are widely accessible in grocery stores, farmers' markets, and even in our own backyards. They are readily available, making it convenient for us to incorporate them into our diets.

3. They are colorful: Fruits and vegetables come in a wide array of vibrant colors such as red, orange, green, and purple. These colors are not just visually appealing, but they also indicate the presence of different nutrients and antioxidants that are essential for our health.

4. They provide you with a wide variety of vitamins, minerals, and nutrients: Fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, and nutrients that our bodies need to function properly. They are excellent sources of vitamin C, vitamin A, potassium, fiber, and folate, among others.

In conclusion, fruits and vegetables give us energy, are easily available, add color to our meals, and provide us with a wide range of essential vitamins, minerals, and nutrients. It is important to include them in our daily diet for overall health and wellbeing.

The type of baton exchange in which the receiver of the baton will not see as the baton is being placed in his/her hand is called?

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Non-visual baton exchange is the type of baton exchange in which the receiver of the baton will not see as the baton is being placed in his/her hand.

Which of the following is not a skill and technique in boxing

Maelezo ya Majibu

Kicking is not a skill and technique in boxing. Boxing is a combat sport that involves using punches and defensive techniques inside a ring. The objective is to score points by landing clean and powerful punches on the opponent while avoiding getting hit. The sport is strictly limited to the use of the hands only, which means that kicking is not allowed in boxing. Here is a breakdown of the other options: - **Dodging**: Dodging is a crucial skill in boxing. It involves moving the body and head to avoid incoming punches from the opponent. By dodging, a boxer can evade punches and minimize the chances of getting hit. - **Ducking**: Ducking is another defensive technique used in boxing. It involves bending the knees and lowering the body to avoid an opponent's punch, primarily aimed at the head. By ducking, a boxer can create space and avoid getting struck by an incoming punch. - **Jabbing**: Jabbing is a basic and essential technique in boxing. It is a quick, straight punch thrown with the front hand, usually the non-dominant hand. Jabs are used to set up combinations, keep the opponent at bay, and score points in boxing matches. In summary, while dodging, ducking, and jabbing are fundamental skills and techniques in boxing, kicking is not permitted in this sport. Boxing relies solely on punches and defensive maneuvers using the hands.

Recreational activities are meant to be done during ___

Maelezo ya Majibu

Recreational activities are meant to be done during leisure time. Leisure time refers to the period when we are not busy with work, school, or other obligations. This is when we have free time to engage in activities that we enjoy and find entertaining. Recreational activities are meant to provide relaxation, enjoyment, and a break from our daily routines and responsibilities. Whether it's playing sports, reading a book, watching a movie, or spending time with friends and family, these activities help to rejuvenate our minds and bodies. Therefore, it is ideal to participate in recreational activities during leisure time when we can fully immerse ourselves in the experience without any distractions or time constraints.

How many players make up a basketball team on the court at a time?

Maelezo ya Majibu

A basketball team is made up of 5 players on the court at a time. Each team has a total of 12 players on their roster, but only 5 players are allowed to play on the court at any given time. These 5 players are responsible for attacking, defending, and scoring points for their team. The other players on the team wait on the sidelines for their turn to join the game or provide support from the bench. The 5 players on the court work together to strategize and execute their game plan, using their skills in dribbling, passing, shooting, and defending to outscore their opponents. So, in summary, a basketball team consists of 5 players on the court and 12 players on the roster.

Which of the following is not a water-borne disease?

Maelezo ya Majibu

Headache is not a water-borne disease.
Water-borne diseases are illnesses caused by microorganisms that are transmitted through contaminated water. These pathogens can enter the body when we consume or come into contact with contaminated water.
Hepatitis is a water-borne disease that affects the liver. It is caused by various viral infections, such as hepatitis A, B, and C.
Cholera is another water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It leads to severe diarrhea and dehydration if left untreated.
Typhoid is also a water-borne disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi. It causes high fever, abdominal pain, and weakness.
However, headache is not caused by contaminated water. It can be induced by various factors like stress, tension, dehydration, eye strain, or medical conditions. While dehydration can contribute to a headache, it is not the sole cause. Headaches can occur regardless of the water quality and do not require the presence of waterborne pathogens to develop.
Therefore, out of the given options, headache does not belong to the category of water-borne diseases.

The condition of the body physically, mentally and otherwise not only the absence of disease or an infirmity is

Maelezo ya Majibu

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

The following are the injuries that can be sustained at sport except ____

Maelezo ya Majibu

Stomach ache is not typically considered an injury that can be sustained in sports. While it is common to experience stomach discomfort or cramps during physical activities, it is generally caused by factors such as dehydration, improper nutrition, or digestive issues rather than a direct injury to the body.
In contrast, sprains, bruises, and strains are types of injuries that can occur in sports:
- Sprains occur when ligaments, which connect bones together, are stretched or torn. This can happen when a joint is forcefully twisted or bent beyond its normal range of motion. Common areas for sprains include the ankle, wrist, or knee.
- Bruises, also known as contusions, result from a direct blow to the body. When tiny blood vessels under the skin get damaged, blood leaks out and causes discoloration, swelling, and tenderness. Bruises can occur in various body parts depending on the impact during sports.
- Strains are injuries to muscles or tendons. They typically occur due to overstretching or overexertion of the affected tissues. Strains commonly happen in areas like the hamstring, calf muscles, or lower back.
It is important to note that while stomach aches may not be considered an injury, they should not be ignored. It is crucial to address any persistent or severe stomach discomfort during physical activity by seeking medical advice and taking appropriate measures such as staying hydrated, consuming balanced meals, and avoiding excessive exertion.

Which of the following part of human skeleton forms the helmet that protect the human brain

Maelezo ya Majibu

The part of the human skeleton that forms the helmet to protect the brain is called the cranium. The cranium is made up of several bones that come together to encase and protect the brain. These bones are connected by special joints called sutures which allow for some flexibility and movement.
The cranium serves as a hard, protective shell surrounding the brain, shielding it from any potential injury. It helps absorb and distribute forces, such as those that may occur from impact or trauma to the head. Additionally, the cranium provides attachment points for various muscles and ligaments involved in head movement.
The other options, namely the fibula and tibia, are bones found in the lower limbs and are involved in supporting the body weight and facilitating movement. They are not directly involved in protecting the brain. The suture, on the other hand, is not a specific bone but refers to the tight fibrous joints between the cranial bones that contribute to the strength and structural integrity of the cranium. However, it is not the main component responsible for forming the helmet-like protection for the brain.
In summary, the cranium is the part of the human skeleton that forms the protective helmet around the brain, safeguarding it from potential injuries.

How many points is required to win a badminton game ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

To win a game in badminton, a player or a team needs to score a certain number of points. The number of points required to win a badminton game is 21 points.
However, there are certain rules that need to be followed in order to determine the winner. The winner must also have a 2-point lead over their opponent to secure the victory.
Let me explain the scoring system more in detail. In badminton, each rally results in a point being awarded to one of the players or teams. The rally starts with a serve and ends when the shuttlecock hits the ground within the boundaries, or if a fault is committed by one of the players.
Regardless of who served, a point is awarded to the serving side every time they win a rally. If the serving side loses a rally, the serve will be handed over to the opposing side, and they will have an opportunity to score points.
The game is played until one player or team reaches 21 points, with a 2-point lead. If the score reaches a tie at 20-20, it is called a "deuce". In a deuce, players need to continue playing until a player or team gains a 2-point lead to win the game.
In summary, to win a badminton game, a player or team needs to score 21 points with a 2-point lead over the opponent.

To promote unity and solidarity among African nations, All Africa games was founded by the African Union (AU). What year were the first games held ?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The first All Africa Games were held in 1965. These games were established by the African Union (AU) as a way to promote unity and solidarity among African nations.
The All Africa Games is a multi-sport event that brings together athletes from all over the African continent. It is held every four years, similar to the Olympic Games.
The purpose of these games is to encourage friendly competition and cooperation among African nations, while also providing a platform for athletes to showcase their talents on an international stage.
The first edition of the All Africa Games took place in Brazzaville, Congo, with athletes from 30 African countries participating in various sports disciplines. These sports included athletics, swimming, boxing, football, basketball, and more.
Since then, the All Africa Games have grown in size and popularity, with more African countries participating in each edition and new sports being added to the program. It has become an important event for African athletes to represent their countries and strive for sporting excellence.