WAEC SSCE - English Language - 2008

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
I was asked whether I.............to go on the outing.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The sentence is in the past tense, and it is in a reported speech. The speaker was asked if he/she was willing to go on the outing. Therefore, the appropriate word that completes the sentence is "intended" which is in the past tense. Hence, the correct option is "B - intended."

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
When Joe was threatened with suspension he made a clean breast of his offence. This means that Joe

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct interpretation of the sentence "When Joe was threatened with suspension he made a clean breast of his offence" is that Joe told the whole truth. "Made a clean breast" is an idiom which means to confess or to admit one's wrongdoing openly and honestly. Therefore, Joe revealed the truth about his offense when he was threatened with suspension.

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
That rock is a potential danger to fishing boats.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "potential" in the sentence means something that is capable of happening or existing in the future. Therefore, the word that is closest in meaning to "potential" among the options given is "a possible".

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
Musa won the debate because he articulated his arguments convincingly.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "articulated" in this context means to express oneself clearly and effectively. Among the options given, the word that is nearest in meaning to "articulated" is "presented." Therefore, the correct answer is "presented."

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word is describing specific places where trains stop to deliver goods or to refuel. Option C, "stations," is the most suitable word to complete the gap. A station is a designated place where trains stop for passengers to board or alight, to deliver goods or to refuel. The other options, such as "checkpoints" and "duty-posts," do not accurately describe the purpose of the location. "Centres" is a more general term and may not be specific enough for the context of the passage.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
The woman's behaviour clearly shows that her love for her husband was merely,.............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "superficial." This is because the sentence is saying that the woman's behavior indicates that her love for her husband was not genuine or deep, but only on the surface. The word "superficial" means shallow or lacking depth.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to fill the gap numbered 77 in the passage is "system". This is because the passage is talking about the poor state of the railway - which refers to the railway system. The other options, such as "framework", "industry", and "business" do not fit the context of the sentence and do not accurately describe the railway system. Therefore, the correct answer is "system".

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word is describing what is available in some inter-city or inter-state trains, and the options given are "closets", "engine", "cloakrooms", and "control suites". Based on the context of the passage, the most suitable option is "cloackrooms", as it refers to a small room in a public place where people can leave their coats, bags, and other belongings.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Araba took up an appointment as a part-time instructor as a means.............his meager income.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
The clerk was dismissed for dereliction of duty.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that is nearest in meaning to "dereliction" is "negligence" because it refers to the failure to take proper care or perform one's duties adequately.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.

His suggestion on how to deal with the thief was invaluable, but the police considered it................

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is (A) useless. The sentence suggests that the speaker found the suggestion on how to deal with the thief very useful, but the police did not think it was useful at all. The word "invaluable" in the sentence means extremely useful or valuable. Therefore, the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "invaluable" is "useless." Therefore, the word that correctly fills the gap and is opposite in meaning to "invaluable" is "useless."

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
The incessant chatter of the pupils irritated the visitor.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "incessant" in this context means non-stop or unceasing. Among the options provided, the word that best captures the same meaning is "unceasing." Therefore, the answer is option A - unceasing.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The students have not come back from their school farms,............?

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to complete the sentence is "have they". This is because the sentence is asking a question about the current whereabouts of the students, so it requires the present tense of the auxiliary verb "have" to form a present perfect tense question. The other options are in past tense or don't form a question.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The scool high jump champion has been................

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
The outgoing president warned his successor to beware of ................who praise every action of government, good or bad.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most suitable option to complete the sentence is "sycophants". This is because sycophants are people who flatter someone important to gain an advantage. In this context, the outgoing president is warning his successor to be cautious of people who praise every action of the government, whether it is good or bad, as such individuals are likely to be insincere and could be sycophants.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
The man was told in his own interest to.................the statement he had made.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "retract." To retract a statement means to take back or withdraw what was said earlier. This is usually done when the speaker realizes that what they said was wrong or inappropriate, or when they want to correct a mistake. In this case, the man was told to retract his statement in his own interest, which suggests that the statement he made may have been damaging to himself or others. Therefore, the most appropriate word to use in this context is "retract." The other options are not suitable for this context. "Cancel" means to annul or void, but it doesn't make sense to cancel a statement. "Recast" means to change the form or structure of something, but it's not clear how this would apply to a statement. "Erase" means to remove or delete something, but it's not possible to completely erase a statement that has already been made.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
This isn't your ring; it is your............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word or group of words that best completes the sentence is "daughter-in-law's." In the sentence, the speaker is referring to something that belongs to someone else. The word "your" indicates that the speaker is addressing someone directly. The correct form to indicate possession by a daughter-in-law is "daughter-in-law's." This is a possessive form that shows that the ring belongs to the daughter-in-law. The other options are not correct for this context. "Daughter-in-law" without the possessive form is a noun that refers to a woman who is married to someone's son. "Daughters-in-law" is a plural form of the same noun, indicating that there is more than one daughter-in-law. "Daughter-in-laws" is an incorrect form of the word because "law" is not a plural noun and should not have an "s" added to it.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Maram liked the exhibits at the trade fair but she really enjoyed.............the most

Maelezo ya Majibu

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Kola will get the job because his father will surely pull strings for him. This means that his father will

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "Kola will get the job because his father will surely pull strings for him" is that his father will influence the right people to ensure that Kola gets the job. "Pulling strings" is a phrase that means to use one's influence or connections to achieve a desired outcome, and in this case, Kola's father is expected to use his influence to help his son secure the job.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
Daylight armed-robbery is a common.........in big cities.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "phenomenon" (Option D). This is because "phenomenon" refers to an observable or noticeable occurrence, situation or fact, and the sentence suggests that daylight armed robbery is a common occurrence in big cities.

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
I was surprised at the gallantry of the Senegalese peace-keeper.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that is nearest in meaning to "gallantry" is "bravery" which means courageous behavior or valor.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The principal has gone to Freetown and will come back in ..............time.

Maelezo ya Majibu

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
When Eunice was discharged from hospital she was a shadow of her former self. This means that she

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "When Eunice was discharged from hospital she was a shadow of her former self" is that Eunice was thin and weak.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to complete the gap in question 100 is "structure". The passage talks about a modern structure springing up in a matter of months, and then goes on to describe how the workers cast the roof in one day and completed the whole structure by the end of the third month. Therefore, "structure" is the most appropriate word to fill the gap.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The teacher gave him high marks and wrote complimentary remarks in the margin, which surprisingly gave him...........feelings.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The appropriate word to fill the gap is the word that is nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word "complimentary" and also makes sense in the sentence. The word that fits this description is "unpleasant". The sentence implies that the teacher's complimentary remarks should have made him feel happy, but surprisingly they had the opposite effect.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word in question 84 is related to the power source of some trains. The options are "petrol", "alternative", "converter", and "fuel". The most suitable option to fill the gap is "fuel", as it is the most commonly used power source for trains. "Petrol" is not usually used as a fuel for trains, and "alternative" and "converter" do not provide enough context to be a suitable option for filling the gap. Therefore, the answer is "fuel".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Lamin and Michael washed .............but mummy washed Yeanie

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is "themselves." The sentence is talking about Lamin and Michael washing, which is plural. "Himself" refers to only one person, "one another" is used for a group of more than two people, and "the other" doesn't fit the context. Therefore, "themselves" is the best option to complete the sentence.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The government was blamed for implementing polices that favoured the elite at the expense of the................

Maelezo ya Majibu

Option C - "masses" is the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "elite". The word "elite" refers to a select group of powerful and influential people in society, whereas "masses" refer to the ordinary people or the general public. In the given sentence, the government was blamed for implementing policies that favored the elite (powerful and influential people) at the expense of the masses (ordinary people). Therefore, "masses" is the word that correctly fills the gap in the sentence and is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word "elite".

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Fatima ............come to work today since she is sick.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "needn't have". This is because "needn't have" is used to express that something was not necessary in the past, and it would have been better if it had not happened. In this case, it means that it was not necessary for Fatima to come to work today because she is sick, and it would have been better if she had stayed at home to rest. "Needn't had" is incorrect because "had" is the past participle of "have" and should not be used with "needn't". "Needn't has" and "needn't to" are also incorrect because they are not grammatically correct.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
I said "John saw Mary.................?

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
Mum made soothing remarks in order to............dad

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option to complete the sentence is "pacify." To pacify means to calm someone down or make them less angry or upset. In the given sentence, Mum made soothing remarks to calm down Dad. The other options do not fit in the context of the sentence. "Incense" means to make angry, "rekindle" means to revive or renew something that was lost, and "protect" means to keep someone or something safe from harm, which does not fit the context of the sentence.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The purpose of education is to enhance progress and not to...........it

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word 'enhance' is 'impede'. The sentence implies that education should not hinder or obstruct progress but should rather facilitate it.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The minister told his congregation that one day............would be rewarded

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is B, "the faithful". The sentence is referring to a group of people who are loyal and dedicated, and the word "faithful" is a collective noun that is used to refer to such a group. Option A, "the faithfuls", is incorrect because "faithful" is already a plural noun and does not require an additional "s". Option C, "any faithfuls", is also incorrect because it suggests that the reward will be given to any group of loyal people, rather than a specific group. Option D, "a faithful", is also incorrect because it suggests that only one person will be rewarded, rather than a group.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
Members of the party agreed that some serious thinking is required before a final decision can be taken.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "consideration" is nearest in meaning to "serious thinking". "Consideration" means careful thought, attention or deliberation, which implies taking into account all relevant factors before making a decision.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The new bridge was a complete waste of money and..........built in the first place

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "need not have been". This phrase means that something was unnecessary and should not have been done. In this context, the speaker is expressing their opinion that the new bridge was a waste of money and did not need to be built. The other options are incorrect because they either use the wrong verb tense or the wrong word order.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to fill the gap at number 94 is "foundation" (option B). The passage describes the construction of a building in a virgin forest next to a school. After the ground was cleared (in number 91), the workers marked and measured the site with various tools (in number 92), and then dug the ground to prepare for the building's base. The word "foundation" means the base upon which a building is constructed, and this fits the context of the passage. Option A, "base," is also a possibility, but "foundation" is a more specific and commonly used term. Option C, "pavement," and option D, "gutter," do not fit the context of the passage and are not related to the construction of a building.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Constructing the road along the coast was difficult but the men had already broken the back of the work before the rains. This means that they had

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "Constructing the road along the coast was difficult but the men had already broken the back of the work before the rains" is that the men had completed the most difficult part of the work before the rains. The phrase "broken the back of the work" is an idiomatic expression that means to complete the most difficult or time-consuming part of a task. Therefore, the sentence implies that although the construction of the road along the coast was challenging, the men had already completed the most difficult part of it before the rains came.

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
Our chief is very intelligent but he could be parochial in his judgements.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "parochial" in the given sentence means narrow-minded or restricted in outlook. Therefore, the option that is nearest in meaning to it is "narrow-minded."

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The room in.........they lived was quite large and well-lit.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option to complete the sentence is "which". "Which" is a relative pronoun that is used to refer to things or animals, and it is used to give more information about a noun or pronoun that comes before it. In this case, "which" is used to provide additional information about the "room".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The jury gave..............verdict of guilty in the murder case.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
.................In their youth is a source of pleasurable reminiscence for elderly persons

Maelezo ya Majibu

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
Some youths of this generation are often hard-hearted compared to those of past generations who were.................

Maelezo ya Majibu

The sentence talks about how some youths of this generation are hard-hearted compared to those of past generations. The underlined word is "hard-hearted", and we are to choose the option that is most nearly opposite in meaning to it and that will correctly fill the gap in the sentence. The opposite of "hard-hearted" is "compassionate", which means showing concern for others. Therefore, the correct option is "compassionate".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
I cannot imagine that a man............his standing could stoop so low as to accept bribes.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option that best completes the sentence is "of". The preposition "of" is used to show the relationship of a noun or pronoun to another word in the sentence. In this case, the noun "standing" is used to describe the reputation or status of a man. Therefore, the correct preposition to use is "of" to show the relationship between the man and his standing, indicating that the man has a certain reputation or status.

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
All that was left after the riot were the charred remains of the victims.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word 'charred' in this context means that the remains of the victims were burnt, so the option that is nearest in meaning is A) burnt.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The moon seemed to be sailing through the clouds........a ship thrusting its way through a stormy ocean

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "like." In the sentence, the speaker is comparing the moon's movement to that of a ship moving through a stormy ocean. The word "like" is used to make a comparison between two things that are similar in some way. It is the most appropriate word to use in this context because it indicates a similarity in movement between the moon and a ship. The other options are not appropriate for this context. "As" is used to indicate a degree of similarity, but it does not indicate a direct comparison between two things. "As to" is a phrase that is used to introduce a topic, but it does not make sense in this sentence. "As for" is a phrase that is used to introduce a contrasting or qualifying statement, which is not necessary in this context.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
............who knows the times will not open his door to strangers at night.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Our teacher is leaving our school in July to ...............a new job

Maelezo ya Majibu

The option that best completes the sentence is "take up". To "take up" means to start doing a new job or to accept a new position or responsibility. Therefore, the sentence means that the teacher is leaving the school to start a new job.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word in question number 76 is related to the backward state of the transport sector in the country, which is being discussed in the passage. Out of the given options, "infrastructural" is the most suitable word to fill the gap. "Infrastructural" refers to the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise, such as roads, bridges, water supply, and communication systems. The poor state of the railway mentioned in the passage is a result of the inadequate infrastructure, which is a clear indicator of underdevelopment in the country.

From the words lettered A to D below each of the following sentences, choose the word that is nearest in meaning to the underlined word.
The woman stifled a cry of astonishment as she discovered the identity of the robber.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "stifled" means to suppress or hold back, so the option that is nearest in meaning is "suppressed". Therefore, the woman suppressed a cry of astonishment when she discovered the identity of the robber.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
The current economic crisis has led to the.............of many workers.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is "retrenchment". Retrenchment refers to the reduction of costs or spending, especially in business, which often leads to cutting back on staff, usually by laying off employees. In this context, the economic crisis has caused many companies to reduce their workforce through retrenchment. Rejection refers to the act of dismissing or refusing something or someone. Isolation refers to the state of being alone or separated from others. Ejection refers to the act of forcing something or someone out of a place or situation.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
He won the election by a ..............of 500 votes.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "margin." In the sentence, the speaker is referring to an election result where one candidate received more votes than the other. The word "by" suggests that the speaker is referring to the difference in the number of votes received by the two candidates. The correct word to describe this difference is "margin." A margin is the difference between two amounts, in this case, the number of votes received by the winning candidate and the losing candidate. A margin of 500 votes means that the winning candidate received 500 more votes than the losing candidate. The other options are not suitable for this context. "Consensus" refers to a general agreement among a group of people, which is not relevant in the context of an election. "Surplus" refers to an excess of something, which doesn't apply to a difference in vote counts. "Gap" refers to a space or opening that separates two things, which is not the appropriate word to describe the difference in vote counts in an election.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The old woman had no children and no real friends..........

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The principal, as well as the teachers,.....in school

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option to complete the sentence is "is". Explanation: The subject of the sentence is "The principal, as well as the teachers", which is a compound subject consisting of two nouns connected by the conjunction "as well as". In this case, "principal" is the main subject and "teachers" is a secondary subject. The verb that agrees with this subject is "is", making the complete sentence: "The principal, as well as the teachers, is in school."

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
We all agree that the television is a more powerful.............of communication than the radio

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "medium." In the sentence, the speaker is comparing the television and the radio as channels or means of communication, therefore the word that best fits in the blank is "medium."

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
The principal is high-handed with his staff. This means that the principal

Maelezo ya Majibu

The sentence "The principal is high-handed with his staff" means that the principal uses his authority over his staff sternly. The word "high-handed" is used to describe someone who behaves in an overbearing or oppressive way, especially when exercising authority. Therefore, it implies that the principal is not friendly or easy-going with his staff but instead is strict and perhaps even authoritarian.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In question 80, the missing word refers to the amenities that are not provided in the intra-city trains. Option C, "meals and refreshments," is the best option to complete the gap. The sentence states that only shelter and seats are provided in the intra-city trains, and there are no other amenities. Meals and refreshments are commonly provided on long train journeys, but not on short intra-city trips. Option A, bookshops and libraries, and option D, parks and salons, are not relevant to train travel. Option B, gyms and clubs, is also not applicable as trains are not designed for exercising or recreational activities.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The doctor does not think the patient will recover; the signs are ominous rather than............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "ominous" suggests something bad or threatening. To find the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to "ominous", we need to look for a word with a positive or hopeful connotation that would make sense in the given sentence. The word that fits this description is "encouraging," which means something that inspires hope or confidence. Therefore, the answer is "encouraging."

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
Many people find cod liver oil disgusting but soldiers find it...............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best fits the gap and is opposite in meaning to "disgusting" is "pleasant." This is because "disgusting" means causing a strong feeling of dislike or disgust while "pleasant" means giving a sense of happy satisfaction or enjoyment. The sentence is also structured in a way that implies a contrast between the general population's view of cod liver oil and soldiers' view of it. Soldiers may find cod liver oil pleasant because it is a good source of nutrition and energy for them.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Whenever Nkoyo finds herself at a loose end, she goes visiting people. This means that Nkoyo goes visting people whenever she

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "Whenever Nkoyo finds herself at a loose end, she goes visiting people" is that Nkoyo goes visiting people whenever she has nothing to occupy her. This means that she has free time on her hands and does not have any particular task or activity to engage in, so she goes to visit people as a way of passing the time.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
We haven't confirmed.............signature this is

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is "whose". The sentence is asking about the ownership of a signature. "Whose" is the possessive form of "who" and is used to indicate ownership.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
To give a bronze medal to the athlete who was deliberately intercepted on the track was cold comfort This means that the bronze medal was

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence is "not adequate compensation". The phrase "cold comfort" implies that while the bronze medal may have been intended to console or provide comfort, it was ultimately insufficient and did not effectively address the athlete's situation.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
He brought us......................

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct answer is "some good news." This is because "news" is an uncountable noun, and cannot be used with plural markers like "many" or "several." "A good news" is also incorrect because "news" is already a singular noun. Therefore, the most appropriate option is "some good news."

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the gap in question numbered 96 is "mortar." The sentence describes the process of building a storeyed building in a virgin forest. After workers brought out various tools and marked the ground, they dug a hole and brought in walls made from a mixture of sand, cement, and water. Therefore, the correct option to fill the gap in the sentence is "mortar," which is a type of building material made by mixing sand, cement, and water. Options A, B, and D (concoction, gravel, and compound) do not fit the context of the sentence.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word in the gap is describing a feature of fast trains that connect major cities and even states. The best option that fits in the gap is "coaches," as it accurately describes the part of a train that carries passengers. The other options do not fit the context of the sentence and do not accurately describe the feature of fast trains. "Wagons" are typically used for carrying goods, not passengers. "Cabins" and "decks" are not commonly used to describe the passenger compartments of trains, and they do not accurately describe the feature of fast trains that connect major cities and even states.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to fill the gap numbered 78 in the passage is "inter-city" (option C). The sentence is describing the poor state of the railway system in the country, and it contrasts it with the more developed transport systems in advanced countries. The phrase "inter-city" refers to trains that connect major cities and even states, and are faster than intra-city trains that only carry passengers within a city or its suburbs. Therefore, option C is the most appropriate choice for this gap.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
........pain has been taken to make the party a success

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to complete the sentence is "Much". "Much" is used to modify uncountable nouns such as "pain" which means a lot of effort was put in to make the party a success. So the sentence becomes "Much pain has been taken to make the party a success".

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
Good teaching stimulates the interest of students, whereas bad teaching.............it

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The report said that although the country was rich.............formed a substantial part of the population.

Maelezo ya Majibu

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

Option D, "equipment," is the best option to complete the gap. The passage is describing the process of building a modern structure, and the workers are using various tools and instruments to measure and mark the construction site. The word "equipment" is the most appropriate because it refers to the tools, machinery, or other necessary items needed to complete a task or job, such as building a structure.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
My friend's son stole the.............briefcase.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word that best completes the sentence is "director-general's". The possessive form "director-general's" indicates that the briefcase belongs to a specific director-general. The other options either use incorrect plurals or do not use the possessive form correctly.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
School children are advised to refrain.......smoking

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option to complete the sentence is "from". "Refrain" means to avoid or abstain from doing something. So, "refrain from" smoking means to avoid smoking or not to smoke.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
I had a phone call from her yesterday, so she...............have found out my telephone unmber

Maelezo ya Majibu

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
Chinwe can be stubborn yet I have a soft spot for her. This means that I

Maelezo ya Majibu

The interpretation that best fits the sentence is "am fond of Chinwe even though she is stubborn." This means that despite Chinwe's stubbornness, the speaker still likes her.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
The great gates of the ancient palace were.............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "beautiful pieces of iron work". This is because "gates" is a plural noun, so it requires the plural form of the noun "iron work" to match it. Additionally, the adjective "beautiful" describes the noun "iron work", not "piece", so the singular "piece" should not be used.

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
Salimata came into............when she won the beauty contest.

Maelezo ya Majibu

Salimata came into the public attention or limelight when she won the beauty contest.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word in question 89 is related to a construction site where trees were cleared. The option that fits best is "bull-dozers" as they are commonly used to clear trees and level the ground in preparation for construction work. Therefore, the answer is B - bull-dozers.

After each of the following sentences, a list of possible interpretations of the sentence is given. Choose the interpretation that you consider most appropriate for each sentence.
The loan was taken on a gentleman''s agreement. This mean that

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate interpretation for the sentence "The loan was taken on a gentleman's agreement" is that there was no documentation of the loan. This means that the loan was granted based on a verbal agreement or understanding between the parties involved, without any written contract or legal documentation to support it. A "gentleman's agreement" is a term used to describe a non-binding agreement or understanding between two parties, typically based on trust and mutual respect. While such agreements are considered valid and legally enforceable, they are not as formal or binding as written contracts.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word is related to the marking of the area where the building was to be constructed. Option C, "ground," is the most suitable word to fill the gap as it indicates that the workers marked the ground for the construction of the building. Option A, "plan," is not suitable as it implies a blueprint or a design, which is not relevant to the context. Option B, "trenches," is also not suitable as it suggests digging a ditch or a hole, which is not mentioned in the passage. Option D, "space," is not suitable as it is too broad and does not specifically relate to the marking of the area.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
All the final year students will attend...........party

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "tomorrow's." This is because "tomorrow's" is a possessive noun that indicates that the party belongs to tomorrow. The apostrophe ('s) is used to show possession in English. The other options do not convey the same meaning. "Tomorrows'" would mean something that belongs to multiple tomorrows, which is not logical. "Tomorrows" is not a noun and does not make sense in this context. "Tomorrow" is a singular noun that does not indicate possession.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
This is a bad case,.......hard you try to defend the accused.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to complete the given sentence is "however". "However" is used to indicate that what is being said contrasts with, contradicts or modifies what was said earlier in the sentence. Here, the sentence implies that no matter how hard the accused is defended, the case is still a bad one. Therefore, "however" best completes the sentence.

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

From the words lettered A to D, choose the word that best completes each of the following sentences:
Ebou maintained his stand in.............of the principal's orders.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option is "defiance." The sentence indicates that Ebou refused to comply with the principal's orders and instead stood in opposition to them. "Defiance" means open resistance or disobedience, which fits the context of the sentence. "Deference" means respectful submission or yielding to someone else's wishes, which is the opposite of what Ebou did. "Obedience" means compliance with instructions or orders, which is not what Ebou did in this sentence. "Defence" means protection from harm or danger, which does not fit the context of the sentence.

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
.................opportunity we now have to rid the nation of corruption!

Maelezo ya Majibu

The correct option to fill in the blank is "What an excellent". This is because the sentence is expressing a strong emotion of excitement or enthusiasm about the opportunity to rid the nation of corruption. Therefore, the most appropriate phrase to use is an exclamatory phrase that starts with "what" and includes an article, in this case "an", before the adjective "excellent".

From the words or group of words lettered A to D, choose the word or group of words that best completes each of the following sentences:
Certain tasks may be unpleasant at first, but gradually one may get.............them

Maelezo ya Majibu

The best option to complete the sentence is "to like". The sentence is discussing the possibility of becoming accustomed to unpleasant tasks over time. The phrase "get to like" indicates a gradual process of developing a preference for something, which fits well with the idea of becoming more comfortable with a task over time. Therefore, option B is the most appropriate.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
The investigator relied solely on conjectures, which were not as reliable as...........

Maelezo ya Majibu

The word "conjectures" means guesses or opinions based on incomplete information. The opposite of this word is "facts", which refers to information that is known to be true and can be proven. Therefore, the correct answer is (A) "facts".

In the following passages the numbered gaps indicate missing words. Against each number in the below each passage, four options are offered in columns lettered A to D. choose the word that is the most suitable to fill the numbered gap in the passages.
One of the indicators of -76- under development in this country is the backward state of the transport sector. This is typified by the poor state of the railway -77-. In advanced countries, commuter trains carry passengers from city and within suburbs. The -78- train goes a lot faster connecting major cities and even states; such trains have -79 only.
In the intra- city trains, it is only shelter and seats that are provided. There are no -80-. In some cases, and because of the long hours of service of inter-city or inter-state trains, -81- and -82- are available in addition to coaches.
Apart from the very fast electric trains, there are passenger trains that are -83- powered. There are others that use coal or steam as -84-. Some trains offer -85- services, transporting goods. Such trains stop at specific -86- to deliver goods or to refuel. Most trains have -87- to push or pull them to prevent them from turning around.
It is interesting to watch a modern-88- spring up and get completed in a matter of months. A few months ago, a building company brought some -89- to the virgin forest next to our school. The trees were -99-, the ground was cleared and -91-, and the workers brought out various -92- with which they measured a marked the -93-. Then the -94- was dug and the -95- were brought from somewhere else -96- was made from a mixture of sand cement and water, and the walls grew before our very eyes. Before the end of the second month, we realized it was not going to be a -97- but a storeyed building. The -98- was cast in only one day by the workers who -99- for the whole day. Thereafter things moved even faster. By the end of the third month, the whole -100- was in place.

Maelezo ya Majibu

The missing word in the given sentence should describe what was brought from somewhere else to complete the construction of the building. The options given are: boreholes, lintels, fences, and blocks. Among these options, the most suitable word to fill the gap is "blocks." Blocks are commonly used in construction and are usually made from materials such as cement, sand, and water. Therefore, the correct answer is D - blocks.

In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined and one gap. From the list of words lettered A - D, choose the word that is most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences.
It was obvious that Modou committed the crime,but his friends were still.............

Maelezo ya Majibu

The most appropriate word to fill the gap in the sentence would be "doubtful". This is because the sentence implies that Modou's friends did not believe that he had committed the crime, despite it being obvious to others. "Doubtful" means uncertain or hesitant, which is the opposite of "obvious".

Write a story to illustrate the saying:  The ealry birds catches the worm. 

Maelezo ya Majibu

None

You are a chief speaker in a debate on the topic: The Television has done more harm than good. Write your speech for or against the topic. 

Maelezo ya Majibu

None

 Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.

      I have great sympathy for the common fear that is suffered by young people when examinations are looming ahead. Sometimes it is the actual examination they fear but equally likely to excite fear are the expectations of the parents who are keen on their offspring results in failures which could be avoided. achieving good results. Pressure in these circumstances only leads to more fear and often results in failure which could be avoided.

      My very last examination was an oral and I knew that everything depended on the kind of impression I made on the government representative who I expected, had difficult questions for me. This, though, was not the only reason for my apprehension. As a youth, I was often teased because I was small in stature. I was obsessed with it. I was very self-conscious, therefore, about meeting this important man. Fortunately, the previous day 1 had learned another lesson from nature, one which was to help me in my face-to-face encounter with the examiner.

      I had been staying with my aunt and uncle in order to do some last-minute preparations. I went through my books that afternoon, sitting outside in the sunshine until about three o'clock, when the weather took a turn for the worse. The sky looked menacing and, as the clouds gathered in the distance, I heard the rumble of thunder. The lovely sunny afternoon was changing to a dark and dismal evening. Several times I broke my concentration to look at a very beautiful water lily in the pond. As I quickly gathered up my books, I remembered the lily and went over to see it for the last time that day. I was just in time to see the flower close its petals as the rumble of the distant thunder grew louder. I didn't mind getting wet as I realized that the rain could do nothing to damage the delicate, inner beauty of the lily.

      This simple act of nature restored my confidence and I realized that I too could muster courage to face the examiner. I could, in fact, protect the inner me from the outside world. My new-found philosophy worked! Of the eight people who sat for the examination that day, only two succeeded and the government representative congratulated me on being the youngest candidate ever to have passed.

      I was lucky for I had learnt to control my obsession with my stature.

(a) According to the writer, what two things excite fear in young people going for examinations?

(b) Give two reasons for the writer's apprehension before the examination.

(c) Why was the writer almost obsessed with his small stature?

(d) How did the observation of the lily affect the writer?

(e) What proof is there in the passage that the writer actually passed the exam?

(f) The sky looked menacing ..... What figure of speech is contained in this expression?

(g) .... because I was small in stature.

(i) What grammatical name is given to this expression as it is used in the passage?

(ii) what is its function?

(h) For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage: (i) excite; (ii) offspring; (iii) apprehension; (iv) dismal; (v) delicate; (vi) muster.

Maelezo ya Majibu

None

Write a letter to the Minister of Works in your country complaining about the deplorable condition of roads in your area and the effects this has on the lives of your people.

Maelezo ya Majibu

None

Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.

      Many cities in the world have now become overcrowded because everyday people migrate to them from the country-side in search of work and better living conditions. This problem is far worse in Third World countries, where the harsh living conditions and the lack of gainful employment opportunities in rural areas usually compel a ceaseless and massive rural-urban drift.

      This desperate state of affairs is not without its direct consequences for the cities. Facilities like accommodation, schools, hospitals, water supply and public transport cannot cope with the demands on them from increased numbers of people, and so they are under severe strain. House rents soar astronomically, and so too many tenants crowd into inadequate spaces. Markets, streets and motorways are congested with people and vehicles. And as the garbage disposal is inefficient, the garbage piles up everywhere, contributing to environmental pollution.

      Many of the migrants come to the big cities in the hope of finding employment. However, because a majority of them are unskilled workers or fresh school-leavers not equipped in any way for gainful self-employment, they simply end up swelling the ranks of the desperate unemployed in the city.

      The devil, they say, makes work for idle hands. With no means of livelihood in the relatively more expensive cities, many of these disillusioned young people resort to prostitution, fraud and crime in order to survive. No wonder the crime rate in the cities is for ever rising, and there are daily reports of victims who lose their money, possessions or even their lives to dare-devil robbers.

      How can this deplorable state of affairs in the cities be reversed? Since the search for jobs accounts for much of the rural-urban drift, one way is to encourage the creation of jobs outside the cities. For example, certain businesses such as banks and manufacturing industries could be encouraged to set up branches in rural areas. If rural dweller have ready access to the same jobs they go to look for in the city, the need for migrating will be reduced.

      It should be admitted that in this modern age, life without the basic amenities of pipe-borne water, electricity, good roads, schools and hospitals is just not good enough. Many rural dwellers are lured to the cities because of the lack of amenities, so providing them in these rural communities will not only contribute to stemming the tide of migration but also create a favourable environment for investment.

      It has also been argued that rural farming is gradually being abandoned to the aged. The primitive, labour-intensive methods and the relatively low yields have made it unattractive to the youth, who would rather seek their fortune in the cities. If farming is made attractive, for example, through mechanization, it will become another source of employment for rural dwellers and thus reduce the necessity to migrate to the city.

      Rural-urban migration causes a serious population imbalance, and has all sorts of attendant problems that can get worse if not tackled effectively. So, the sooner a solution is sought the better.

(a) In three sentences, one for each, summarize the three negative consequences of rural-urban migration discussed in the passage.

(b) In three sentences, one for each, summarize the writer's suggestions for tackling the problem.

Maelezo ya Majibu

None

You have learnt that your younger brother intends to involve i=himself in examination malpractice during his WASSCE. Write a letter to him warning him of the dangers of such an action and urging him to concentrate on his studies.

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Write an article suitable for publication in one of your national dialies discussing the vandalistion of publuic facilites on your country and its effects. 

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions on it.

      Work can be an essential part of children's education and a means of transmitting  vital skills from parent to off-spring. In some countries, children are often involved in workshops and small-scale services, and gradually become full-fledged workers later in life. In other countries, teenagers work a few hours a week to earn pocket money. Such work is beneficial as it enhances a child's physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development without interfering with his schooling, recreation and rest.

      Child labour, on the other hand, is about children who work long hours for low wages. often under conditions harmful to their health. This type of work is destructive and exploitative. Child labour takes different forms. By and large, most child workers are in domestic service. Domestic service need not be hazardous, but it often is. Children in domestic service are poorly paid or not paid at all. Their masters set the terms and conditions of their work entirely to their whim. They are deprived of affection, schooling, play and social activity. They are also vulnerable to physical abuse.

      Poverty is the most powerful force driving children into hazardous labour. For poor families, the small contribution of a child's income at home can make the difference between hunger and survival. The parents of child workers are often unemployed or underemployed. They are desperate for a secure income. In developing countries, for example, class-rooms do not have seats, half of the students have no textbooks, and half of the classrooms have no blackboards. It is not surprising that many children who attend such schools abandon schooling for work.

      Child labour is aggravated by a modern society that is preoccupied with the demand for low-priced products. Few people seem to care that these may have been produced by millions of anonymous,  exploited children. The effects of child labour on the psychological, emotional and intellectual growth of the victims are grave. Such children are deprived of affection. Beatings, insults and punishment by being deprived of food are very common. Ultimately, most child labourers are condemned to lifelong poverty, misery, sickness and illiteracy.

(a) Identify two types of work that are beneficial to children.

(b) According to the passage, what is child labour? 
(c) Give two causes of child labour. 
(d) In one word, describe the effect of child labour on the child 
(e) According to the passage, why do children drop out of school? 
(f) .... who work long hours for low wages? (I) What is the grammatical named given to this expression as it is used in the passage? (ii) What is its functions? 
(g) .... most child labourers are condemned to lifelong poverty What is the meaning of this expression? 
(h) For each of the following words, find another word or phrase which means the same and which can replace it as it is used in the passage: (i) transmitting, (ii) enhances; (iii) vulnerable; (iv) preoccupied; (v) anonymous; (vi) grave. 

Maelezo ya Majibu

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