WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 1991…

Question 1 Report

What is the effect of stability of market price on a produce? The

profit of the producer would be constant if there is no increase in cost inputs Correct answer

profit of the retailer will be decreased

wholesaler will earn more from his sales

consumers will willingly buy more of the produce

producer and wholesaler will benefit from the economic of large scale production

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Agricultural Extension (WAEC)

Agricultural Extension

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Question 2 Report

the nutrient content of soil may be influenced by the following except

harrowing Correct answer

topography

cropping

fallowing

grazing

Answer Details

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Question 3 Report

Management practices of established pasture include the following except

fencing

transplanting

replanting Correct answer

manuring

re-seedings

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Livestock Management (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Livestock Management

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 4 Report

The length of oestrus cycle (in days) in goat is

16 - 17

18 - 21 Correct answer

19 - 20

20 - 22

20 - 24

Answer Details

The length of the oestrus cycle in goats can vary depending on the breed and individual animal. However, on average, the oestrus cycle of a goat lasts between 18 to 21 days. During this cycle, a goat is receptive to mating and may exhibit certain behaviors such as vocalization, restlessness, and a decrease in appetite. It's important to note that the oestrus cycle can also be influenced by various factors such as seasonality, nutrition, and age.

Read lesson note on Livestock Management (WAEC)

Livestock Management

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Question 5 Report

Which of the following is not a method of improving range land?

controlled stocking

rotational grazing

use of fertilizers

introduction of legumes

overgrazing Correct answer

Answer Details

Overgrazing is not a method of improving rangeland. In fact, it is a harmful practice that leads to the degradation of rangeland. Overgrazing occurs when too many animals are allowed to graze on a particular area of land for an extended period of time, without giving the plants enough time to recover. This leads to the depletion of vegetation, soil erosion, and other negative impacts on the ecosystem. On the other hand, controlled stocking, rotational grazing, use of fertilizers, and introduction of legumes are all methods that can be used to improve rangeland. Controlled stocking involves managing the number of animals that graze on a particular area of land to prevent overgrazing. Rotational grazing involves moving animals from one area of land to another to give the plants time to recover. The use of fertilizers can provide essential nutrients to the soil, while the introduction of legumes can increase the diversity of plant species and improve soil health. Overall, overgrazing is not a viable method for improving rangeland, and can have serious negative impacts on the environment.

Read lesson note on Agro-forestry Practices In West Africa (WAEC)

Agro-forestry Practices In West Africa

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Question 6 Report

Temperature is an important factor which is monitored in fish ponds because

it determines the feeding rate in fish

its fluctuation retards fish reproduction

it affects the metabolic processes in fish Correct answer

it decreases the reaction of fishes to other water organisms

it reduces the effect of decaying materials in ponds

Answer Details

Temperature is an important factor to monitor in fish ponds because it affects the metabolic processes in fish. As the temperature of the water changes, the fish's metabolism will also change. This can impact their growth, feeding rate, and overall health. Fluctuations in temperature can also impact fish reproduction. Additionally, temperature affects how fish react to other organisms in the water and can reduce the effectiveness of natural processes that break down decaying materials in the pond. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining the temperature in fish ponds is crucial for promoting the health and productivity of the fish.

Read lesson note on Fisheries And Wildlife (JAMB)

Fisheries And Wildlife

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Question 7 Report

Fertilizers that usually contain one nutrient which can be used directly by plants are commonly called

organic fertilizers

mixed fertilizers

inorganic fertilizers

compound fertilizers

straight fertilizers Correct answer

Answer Details

The fertilizers that usually contain one nutrient which can be used directly by plants are commonly called straight fertilizers. Straight fertilizers are generally composed of a single nutrient, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, or potassium, and are used to supplement specific nutrient deficiencies in soil. They are typically applied in their pure form, without any additional additives or fillers, making it easier to precisely control the amount and type of nutrient being added to the soil. Straight fertilizers can be either organic or inorganic, and are often used in combination with other fertilizers or soil amendments to create a nutrient-rich growing environment for plants.

Read lesson note on Farm Inputs (JAMB)

Farm Inputs

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Question 8 Report

A farmer uses his agricultural loans for the following except

paying labour wages

hiring machineries and tools

purchasing drugs for livestock

paying for seeds

marketing his crops Correct answer

Answer Details

A farmer uses agricultural loans to fund various aspects of their farm operations, such as purchasing seeds, hiring machinery and tools, paying labour wages, purchasing drugs for livestock, and marketing their crops. However, the option that the farmer does not use their agricultural loans for is "marketing his crops." Agricultural loans are used for upfront expenses that are necessary to produce and harvest crops. Once the crops are harvested, they are sold in the market, and the revenue generated from the sale can be used to pay back the loan and other operational costs. Therefore, the marketing of crops is typically not covered by agricultural loans.

Read lesson note on Agricultural Finance (WAEC)

Agricultural Finance

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Question 9 Report

From which of the following sources can agricultural credits be more easily obtained by peasant farmers?

commercial banks

wholesalers

money lenders

government agencies

credit and thrift socities Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Plant Forms And Functions (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Agricultural Ecology (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Agricultural Extension (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Agricultural Finance (WAEC)

Plant Forms And Functions

Agricultural Ecology

Agricultural Extension

Agricultural Finance

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Question 10 Report

Selection of breeding males based on the performance of their female relatives is known as

sib-selection Correct answer

individual selection

tandem-method

progeny testing

index selection

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Animal Improvement (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Animal Reproduction (WAEC)

Animal Improvement

Animal Reproduction

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Question 11 Report

The different types of soil are determined by the relative amounts of each of the following components except

rocks Correct answer

air

water

minerals

organic matter

Answer Details

The correct answer is "rocks". The different types of soil are determined by the relative amounts of air, water, minerals, and organic matter. Soil is made up of varying proportions of these components, and the type of soil is determined by the relative amount of each component. Rocks, although they may be present in soil, do not determine the type of soil.

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Question 12 Report

Basal feeds have a high proportion of easily digestible

minerals

proteins

fats

vitamins

carbohydrates Correct answer

Answer Details

The sentence is saying that basal feeds have a high proportion of easily digestible nutrients. It goes on to specify that the type of nutrient that is easily digestible is not mentioned, but it suggests that basal feeds may contain a high proportion of either carbohydrates, proteins, or fats that can be easily broken down by the animal's digestive system. Out of the options given, the most likely answer is "carbohydrates" since these are the primary source of energy in most animal diets and are often found in high quantities in basal feeds.

Read lesson note on Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

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Question 13 Report

Forages cut fresh and preserved in silo or pit are referred to as

hay

silage Correct answer

haylage

soilage

compost

Answer Details

Forages that are cut fresh and preserved in a silo or pit are referred to as "silage." Silage is a type of livestock feed made from grass, corn, or other crops that have been cut and stored in airtight conditions, allowing fermentation to occur. This method of preservation helps to retain the nutritional quality of the forage and provides a source of feed for livestock during times when pasture is not available or during the winter months.

Read lesson note on Floriculture (JAMB)

Floriculture

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Question 14 Report

The bacterial blight of cotton is also known as

black arm Correct answer

leaf spot

damping off

twister

leaf rust

Answer Details

The bacterial blight of cotton is also known as "black arm." This disease is caused by a bacterium that infects cotton plants and causes dark, sunken lesions to appear on the stems and branches. These lesions can spread and ultimately kill the plant. The name "black arm" comes from the appearance of these lesions, which often turn black as the disease progresses. Other symptoms of bacterial blight of cotton include wilting, leaf drop, and boll rot.

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Crop Diseases

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Question 15 Report

Plant micro-nutrients include the following except

sulphur Correct answer

copper

iron

zinc

chlorine

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Soil (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Land And Its Uses (WAEC)

Soil

Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

Land And Its Uses

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Question 16 Report

Which of the following activities is correct about agricultural extension agent?

teaching farmers the management of exotic breeds of animals and crops

educating farmers on the use of improved inputs and techniques in agriculture Correct answer

training school leavers to become professional farmers

encouraging graduates to take up agriculture as a profession

understudy the reseachers and recording their findings

Answer Details

The correct activity about agricultural extension agents is "educating farmers on the use of improved inputs and techniques in agriculture." Agricultural extension agents are individuals who work directly with farmers to help them improve their farming practices and increase their crop yields. They do this by providing farmers with information about the latest research findings, improved agricultural techniques, and new technologies. Agricultural extension agents also help farmers to identify and access improved inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides. While teaching farmers the management of exotic breeds of animals and crops, training school leavers to become professional farmers, encouraging graduates to take up agriculture as a profession, and understudying the researchers and recording their findings are all important activities in agriculture, they are not specific to the role of agricultural extension agents. Agricultural extension agents are primarily focused on providing technical assistance and education to farmers, with the aim of improving their agricultural practices and increasing their yields.

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Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Agricultural Extension

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 17 Report

Most crop plants do not survive in water-logged soils because

the dissolved nutrients are too diluted for crop plants

the plants will not photosynthesize

their leaves are turgid for respiration

their physiological processes will be increased

oxygen has been displaced to its deficiency for crops Correct answer

Answer Details

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Question 18 Report

Which of the following may cause disease in a fish pond?

mixed stocking

liming

poor management practices Correct answer

harvesting

fertilization

Answer Details

Poor management practices may cause disease in a fish pond. This may include overfeeding, overcrowding, inadequate water quality monitoring, and poor sanitation practices. These factors can create an environment that is conducive to the growth and spread of harmful bacteria and parasites, which can cause disease in the fish. The other options listed may have different effects on a fish pond. Mixed stocking, for example, may help to control certain types of pests, while liming can help to adjust the pH levels in the water. Harvesting and fertilization are management practices that are necessary for the success of the fish farm, but they do not directly cause disease.

Read lesson note on Livestock And Fishing Equipment (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

Crop Diseases

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Question 19 Report

Which of the following crops is not correctly grouped with its industrial product?

cocoa-chocolate

rubber-boots

coconut-oil

cotton-textile

orange-margarine Correct answer

Answer Details

The crop that is not correctly grouped with its industrial product is orange-margarine. Oranges are not commonly used as a raw material in the production of margarine. Margarine is typically made from vegetable oils such as soybean oil, canola oil, and palm oil. Cocoa is used to make chocolate, rubber is used to make boots, coconut is used to produce oil, and cotton is used to produce textiles.

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Question 20 Report

Which of the following does not occur as a result of poor drained soil?

mottling near the top

decrease in rooting depth

change in colour of the subsoil

decrease in organic matter content

increase in oxygen level of the soil Correct answer

Answer Details

Increase in oxygen level of the soil does not occur as a result of poorly drained soil. Poorly drained soil has too much water and not enough air, which can lead to a decrease in rooting depth, mottling near the top, change in color of the subsoil, and a decrease in organic matter content. When there is excess water, soil pores are filled with water, which limits the amount of oxygen that can reach plant roots. This can lead to a decrease in rooting depth, and also make it harder for plants to absorb nutrients from the soil. The decrease in oxygen level and excess water also create anaerobic conditions that can lead to mottling near the top and a change in color of the subsoil. In these conditions, organic matter in the soil can break down and produce compounds like iron and manganese that cause the soil to change color. An increase in oxygen level of the soil is actually a benefit of well-drained soil, where excess water is able to drain away, allowing air to fill soil pores and reach plant roots.

Read lesson note on Soil (WAEC)

Soil

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Question 21 Report

Vetok 85 is used to control

rodents

birds

stem borers Correct answer

reptiles

nematodes

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Crop Pests (JAMB)

Crop Pests

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Question 22 Report

The commonest method of vegetative propagation is by

layering

budding

cutting Correct answer

grafting

tillering

Answer Details

The commonest method of vegetative propagation is cutting. Cutting is the process of taking a part of the stem or root from a parent plant and then planting it in soil or water to grow a new plant. This method is widely used because it is simple, inexpensive, and can be done with many types of plants. It also allows the new plant to be identical to the parent plant in terms of its genetic makeup, which can be important for maintaining desirable traits. Layering is another method of vegetative propagation where a stem is bent down to the soil and a new plant develops from the node that touches the soil. Budding involves grafting a bud from one plant onto the stem of another. Grafting involves joining two different plants together so that they grow as one, and tillering is a method used for propagating grasses and some other plants where new shoots arise from the base of the parent plant. However, these methods are not as common as cutting.

Read lesson note on Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Plant Propagation Methods (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Methods Of Propagation Of Horticultural Plants (WAEC)

Cropping Systems, Planting Patterns And Plant Density

Plant Propagation Methods

Methods Of Propagation Of Horticultural Plants

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Question 23 Report

Daily management routines in poultry include the following except

egg collection

record keeping

water and feed provision

health care

debeaking Correct answer

Answer Details

The daily management routines in poultry farming include egg collection, record keeping, water and feed provision, and health care. However, debeaking is not one of the daily routines in poultry farming. Debeaking is a management practice that involves removing a portion of the chicken's beak to reduce pecking and cannibalism among birds. It is usually done at a young age, and it is not a daily routine. Rather, it is done periodically or as needed to address behavioral issues within the flock. In summary, egg collection, record keeping, water and feed provision, and health care are the essential daily management routines in poultry farming, while debeaking is a periodic or as-needed management practice.

Read lesson note on Farm Power (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Routine Management Practices In Farm Animals (WAEC)

Farm Power

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

Diseases Of Farm Animals

Routine Management Practices In Farm Animals

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Question 24 Report

Which of the following is not a sign of animal approaching parturition?

soft, pliable and swollen vulva

relaxed cervix

full mammary gland

relaxed pelvic ligaments

drop in milk production Correct answer

Answer Details

The option that is not a sign of animal approaching parturition is "drop in milk production". The other options are signs of an animal that is about to give birth. Soft, pliable and swollen vulva, relaxed cervix, full mammary gland, and relaxed pelvic ligaments are all signs that indicate the animal is getting ready for parturition. However, a drop in milk production may indicate that the animal has already given birth or that there is a problem with lactation, but it is not a reliable sign of approaching parturition.

Read lesson note on Reproduction In Farm Animals (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Reproduction In Farm Animals

Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals

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Question 25 Report

Net worth statement can be referred to as

balance sheet Correct answer

farm record book

profit and loss account

farm trading account

depreciation

Answer Details

A net worth statement is a financial statement that shows the value of an individual or organization's assets minus its liabilities. It is a summary of a person's financial position at a specific point in time. It is also known as a balance sheet and is used to track and monitor one's financial progress.

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Question 26 Report

Staking is very essential in the cultivation of

tomato and pepper

cassava and cowpea

cowpea and spinach

tomato and yam Correct answer

spinach and pepper

Answer Details

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Question 27 Report

Which of the following crops does not require nursery?

rice

tobacco

tomato

oil palm

maize Correct answer

Answer Details

Maize does not require a nursery. Maize is a crop that can be directly sown into the field without the need for a nursery. The seeds are planted at the desired spacing and depth directly into the soil. Maize is a hardy crop that can tolerate a range of soil conditions and weather patterns, making it an easy crop to grow for many farmers. In contrast, crops like rice, tobacco, tomato, and oil palm require a nursery. A nursery is a protected area where seedlings are grown before they are transplanted into the field. This helps ensure that the seedlings are strong and healthy before being exposed to the harsher conditions of the field. The seedlings are grown in ideal conditions that are carefully controlled, such as temperature, humidity, and sunlight, which helps promote healthy growth and development. Once the seedlings have grown to a suitable size, they are transplanted into the field.

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Genetics

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Question 28 Report

The annual burning of forest areas encourages

afforestation

deforestation Correct answer

regeneration

selective explotation

taungya farming

Answer Details

The annual burning of forest areas is not a good practice and it does not encourage afforestation, regeneration or selective exploitation of the forest. Instead, it can lead to deforestation, which is the permanent destruction of forests, and cause harm to the environment and wildlife. The burning can also release harmful greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Taungya farming, which involves planting crops among trees, can be a sustainable alternative to burning and can help maintain forest cover.

Read lesson note on Fisheries And Wildlife (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Forest Management (Silviculture) (JAMB)

Fisheries And Wildlife

Forest Management (Silviculture)

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Question 29 Report

The objective of crops improvement programmes is to produce the following except

crop types with improved taste and processing

disease-resistance crops

high-yielding crops

crops adapted to adverse enviromental conditions

crops resistant to all pests Correct answer

Answer Details

Crop improvement programmes aim to develop new crop varieties with desirable traits, such as disease resistance, high yield potential, and adaptation to different environmental conditions. These traits improve the productivity and profitability of crop production. However, the objective is not to produce crops resistant to all pests, as that is not currently possible due to the complexity of pest populations and their interactions with crops. Therefore, the option "crops resistant to all pests" is the correct answer to the question.

Read lesson note on Crop Improvement (WAEC)

Crop Improvement

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Question 30 Report

What happens to the nitrogen and sulphur contents of vegetation when burning is used as a means of lans clearing? They

are released by burning and lost as gases Correct answer

remain in ash as nitrates and sulphates

raise the PH of an acid soil

are released into the soil thus increasing the nutrients of the soil

activate the soil microbes afetr burning

Answer Details

When burning is used as a means of land clearing, the nitrogen and sulphur contents of vegetation are released by burning and lost as gases. This means that they are not retained in the soil or the ash after burning. Nitrogen and sulphur are essential nutrients for plants, and their loss through burning can result in reduced soil fertility and plant growth. Additionally, the release of these gases into the atmosphere can contribute to air pollution and acid rain. Therefore, burning should be avoided as a means of land clearing whenever possible, and alternative methods that preserve soil nutrients should be used.

Read lesson note on Genetics (JAMB)

Genetics

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Question 31 Report

Which of the following is not a breed of cattle?

ndama

sokoto gudali

white fulani

sokoto red Correct answer

muturu

Answer Details

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Question 32 Report

I.Pale leaves II. Shrunken new leaves III. Water-soaked bark which peels off IV. Gum-like exudation from the cracks on the bark. Which of the following diseases of citrus has the symptoms listed above?

die-bark

gum-mosis Correct answer

blight

tristeza

citrus scab

Answer Details

The symptoms listed above are indicative of the gummosis disease of citrus. Gummosis is a fungal disease that affects the bark of citrus trees, causing water-soaked bark that eventually peels off. The disease also leads to shrunken new leaves, and gum-like exudation from the cracks on the bark. Additionally, the leaves may turn pale due to reduced photosynthesis caused by the disease. The fungus that causes gummosis thrives in moist conditions, making it common in areas with high humidity or rainfall. Proper pruning, sanitation, and the use of fungicides can help to prevent and manage gummosis in citrus trees.

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Crop Diseases

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Question 33 Report

I. spreading and perennial plant with long and rapid growing stems. II. height of plant about 1.2m III. resistance to dry weather. Which of the following pasture grasses has the description given above?

northern gamba grass

bahama grass

guinea grass

elephant grass

gaint star grass Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Growth, Development And Reproduction (JAMB)

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 34 Report

The factor affecting growth and development of young animals from birth to maturity include the following except

breed of animal

size of the head Correct answer

nutritional status

health status

housing

Answer Details

The correct answer is "size of the head." The growth and development of young animals are affected by various factors such as breed of the animal, nutritional status, health status, and housing conditions. However, the size of the head is not a factor that affects the growth and development of young animals. Therefore, it is the exception in the given list.

Read lesson note on Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Routine Management Practices In Farm Animals (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Animal Nutrition (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

Diseases Of Farm Animals

Routine Management Practices In Farm Animals

Animal Nutrition

Anatomy And Physiology Of Farm Animals

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Question 35 Report

If the ginning percentage of the samaru variety of cotton is 35, what will be the amount of raw cotton obtained from a 6 hectare farm with a yield of 330 kg seed cotton per hectare?

46 kg

96.3 kg

114 kg

693 kg

6930 kg Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Land Preparation And Soil Tillage (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Importance Of Agriculture (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Plant Propagation Methods (JAMB)

Land Preparation And Soil Tillage

Importance Of Agriculture

Plant Propagation Methods

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Question 36 Report

Which of the following crops cannot be easily improved by cross-breeding?

groundnut

cowpea

oil palm

maize

yam Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Roles Of Government And NGOs In Agricultural Development (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures (WAEC)

Roles Of Government And NGOs In Agricultural Development

Maintenance Practices And Precautionary Measures

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Question 37 Report

Which of the following factors does not bring about soil formation?

climate

time

parent material

sunshine Correct answer

topography

Answer Details

The factor that does not bring about soil formation is "sunshine." While sunlight is important for plant growth, it is not a direct factor in the formation of soil. The four primary factors that contribute to soil formation are climate, time, parent material, and topography. Climate affects soil formation through the amount and distribution of precipitation, temperature, and wind patterns. Time allows for weathering processes to take place and for soil to develop. Parent material refers to the underlying rock or sediment that contributes to the soil's composition. Topography influences soil formation through factors such as slope, drainage, and erosion.

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Question 38 Report

Which of the following may cause disease in a fish pond?

mixed stocking

liming

poor management practices Correct answer

harvesting

fertilization

Answer Details

Poor management practices can cause disease in a fish pond. This can include overfeeding the fish, not maintaining good water quality, and not removing dead or sick fish from the pond. When the water quality deteriorates, harmful bacteria and parasites can grow and spread, causing disease in the fish. Overfeeding can also lead to excess waste and uneaten food in the pond, which can further degrade water quality and create a breeding ground for disease. Mixed stocking, liming, harvesting, and fertilization do not necessarily cause disease in a fish pond. Mixed stocking can actually be beneficial for a pond, as different species can complement each other and help control pests. Liming is used to adjust the pH level of the water and can improve water quality. Harvesting is necessary to maintain the right population density of fish in the pond. Fertilization is also important for promoting the growth of phytoplankton, which is a vital food source for fish. However, if these practices are not done correctly or in the right amounts, they could potentially lead to problems in the pond.

Read lesson note on Livestock And Fishing Equipment (WAEC)

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

Diseases Of Farm Animals

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Question 39 Report

Which of the following characteristics is not correct of pigs?

prolific animals

efficient feed converters

source of meat

source of land

source of skin Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Types And Classification Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 40 Report

The major cause of spoilage in fresh fish is

high humidity

fungal attack

high moisture content

bacterial attack Correct answer

protozoa

Answer Details

The major cause of spoilage in fresh fish is bacterial attack. When fish dies, bacteria present in the fish's digestive system start to break down the fish's protein into simpler compounds. If the fish is not properly preserved or refrigerated, these bacteria will multiply quickly, causing the fish to spoil. Signs of bacterial spoilage include slimy texture, off odor, and discolored flesh. Therefore, proper storage and preservation techniques such as refrigeration, drying, smoking, or salting can help to prevent bacterial growth and prolong the shelf life of fresh fish.

Read lesson note on Livestock And Fishing Equipment (WAEC)

Livestock And Fishing Equipment

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Question 41 Report

The causal organism of damping-oil disease of okra is a

bacterium

virus

nematode

aphid

fungus Correct answer

Answer Details

The causal organism of damping-off disease of okra is a fungus. Damping-off is a common fungal disease that affects the germinating seeds and young seedlings of many plants, including okra. The fungus attacks the base of the stem, causing it to rot and the seedling to wilt and collapse. The disease is favored by cool, wet conditions and can be prevented by using well-draining soil, avoiding over-watering, and maintaining good air circulation around the plants. Fungal diseases can often be controlled with fungicides, but prevention is the best approach.

Read lesson note on Crop Diseases (JAMB)

Read lesson note on Types And Classification Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

Crop Diseases

Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 42 Report

A soil with particles of less than 0.002mm in diameter is referred to as

clay Correct answer

silt

sand

gravel

humus

Answer Details

A soil with particles of less than 0.002mm in diameter is referred to as "clay." Clay particles are the smallest soil particles and have a very fine texture. Due to their small size, clay particles have a large surface area relative to their volume, which makes them very effective at holding water and nutrients. This can be beneficial for plant growth, but it can also lead to soil compaction and poor drainage if the clay content is too high. Soils with a high clay content can also be difficult to work with, as they tend to be sticky and can form clumps when wet.

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Question 43 Report

When a cockerel is castrated, it becomes a

broiler

cock

layer

capon

pullet Correct answer

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Animal Reproduction (WAEC)

Animal Reproduction

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Question 44 Report

The act of parturition in rabbits is called

kindling Correct answer

kidding

farrowing

lambing

calving

Answer Details

The act of parturition in rabbits is called "kindling". This term is used specifically for the birthing process in rabbits. It refers to the process of giving birth to a litter of baby rabbits, also known as kits. The female rabbit, also called a doe, usually gives birth to a litter of 4-12 kits, depending on the breed and size of the doe. The process of kindling usually takes place in a nest box or a designated area prepared by the rabbit owner.

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Read lesson note on Animal Reproduction (WAEC)

Reproduction In Farm Animals

Animal Reproduction

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Question 45 Report

The most important soil micro-organisms concerned with decay and nutrients-recycling are

bacteria and fungi Correct answer

fungi and algea

alga and actinomyces

actinomyces and bacteria

bacteria and algea

Answer Details

The most important soil micro-organisms concerned with decay and nutrient recycling are bacteria and fungi. These micro-organisms play a vital role in breaking down organic matter such as dead plant and animal material into simpler forms, releasing important nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur back into the soil. Bacteria are particularly important in the early stages of decay, breaking down complex organic compounds into simpler forms that can be taken up by other organisms, while fungi play a crucial role in breaking down tougher materials like cellulose and lignin. Together, these micro-organisms help to maintain the fertility of the soil and support the growth of plants.

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Question 46 Report

The best control ensure for rinderpest disease in cattle is

sanitation

isolation

use of antibiotics

eradication of infected stock

vaccination Correct answer

Answer Details

Among the given options, the best control measure for rinderpest disease in cattle is vaccination. Rinderpest is a highly contagious viral disease that affects cattle, buffalo, and other cloven-hoofed animals. It spreads rapidly through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated objects, and can cause significant economic losses and even death in affected livestock. Vaccination is the most effective and practical way to prevent rinderpest disease in cattle. It involves administering a vaccine that contains a weakened or inactivated form of the virus to stimulate the animal's immune system to produce antibodies against the disease. These antibodies provide protection against future infections and prevent the spread of the virus in the herd. Sanitation, isolation, use of antibiotics, and eradication of infected stock can also help control the spread of rinderpest disease, but they are not as effective as vaccination. Sanitation measures such as cleaning and disinfecting animal housing and equipment can reduce the risk of transmission, but they do not provide long-term protection. Isolation can help prevent the spread of the disease, but it is not practical for large herds of cattle. Antibiotics are not effective against viruses, so they cannot be used to treat rinderpest disease. Eradication of infected stock can help prevent the spread of the disease, but it is costly and can lead to significant economic losses. In conclusion, vaccination is the best control measure for rinderpest disease in cattle because it provides long-term protection against the disease and is cost-effective. Vaccination programs can significantly reduce the incidence and impact of rinderpest disease in cattle and other cloven-hoofed animals.

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Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 47 Report

Diarrhoea tainted with blood is a symptom of

trypanosomiasis

coccidiosis

ketosis Correct answer

brucellosis

aspergilliosis

Answer Details

Read lesson note on Diseases Of Farm Animals (WAEC)

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Diseases Of Farm Animals

Animal Feeds And Feed Stuffs And Their Local Sources

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Question 48 Report

The climate factors affecting agricultural production in Nigeria include the following except

temperature

rainfall

relative humidity

sunlight

topography Correct answer

Answer Details

The question is asking to identify the climate factors that affect agricultural production in Nigeria, but one of the options is not a climate factor. Therefore, the answer is "topography" because it is not a climate factor, but rather a physical feature of the land. The other options listed, including temperature, rainfall, relative humidity, and sunlight, are all climate factors that can affect agricultural production.

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Question 49 Report

Which of the following factors does not affect the distribution of pasture grasses?

type of species Correct answer

temperature

soil

pests and diseases

rainfall

Answer Details

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Major Internal Organs Of Farm Animals

Common Weeds

Growth, Development And Reproduction

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Question 50 Report

Which of the following is not a reason for the government to encourage the planting of trees

controlling erosion

increasing soil fertility

preventing desert encroachment

reducing effects of environmental pollution

increasing output of mineral oil Correct answer

Answer Details

The reason for planting trees that is not listed among the options provided is "increasing output of mineral oil". This is because the planting of trees does not have a direct correlation to the production of mineral oil. In fact, trees are not a source of mineral oil at all. Instead, they are important for controlling erosion, increasing soil fertility, preventing desert encroachment, and reducing the effects of environmental pollution. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which helps to mitigate the effects of climate change. Trees also provide habitat for wildlife, produce oxygen, and have aesthetic value. Therefore, it is important for governments to encourage the planting of trees for a variety of environmental and economic reasons, but not to increase the output of mineral oil.

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Genetics

Forest Management (Silviculture)

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Question 51 Report

What symptom can be used to identify maize rust?

yellow colouration of the leaves

raised brown spots on the leaves Correct answer

infected leaves showing stripes of yellow and green

drying up to the leaves

shedding of leaves

Answer Details

The symptom that can be used to identify maize rust is the presence of raised brown spots on the leaves. These spots can be small or large and may merge with each other as the disease progresses. The spots are usually surrounded by a yellowish halo, and the affected leaves may eventually dry up and fall off. Other symptoms of maize rust include the yellowing and browning of leaves, as well as the appearance of stripes of yellow and green on infected leaves. However, the most distinctive symptom is the presence of raised brown spots on the leaves.

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Crop Diseases

Types And Classification Of Farm Animals

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Question 52 Report

The problems of agriculture development in Nigeria are caused by the following except

inadequate land Correct answer

poor finance

poor transportation system

lack of basic amenities

substandard farm inputs

Answer Details

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Problems Of Agricultural Development And Possible Solutions

Roles Of Government And NGOs In Agricultural Development

Application Of ICT In Agriculture

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WAEC SSCE - Agricultural Science - 1991 (Objective)