JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2023

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An exclusive obligation of the husband is **provision of shelter**. This means that it is the husband's responsibility to provide a home or a place of residence for the family.
Provision of shelter refers to the husband's duty to ensure that his family has a safe and suitable place to live. This includes finding and paying for a house or apartment, arranging for necessary maintenance and repairs, and making sure that the living conditions are comfortable for his spouse and children.
While other options such as **domestic support, provision of job, and counselling** are important roles that a husband can undertake, they are not exclusive obligations. Both spouses should contribute to domestic support and household chores, with the husband sharing responsibilities for cooking, cleaning, and taking care of the children.
Similarly, providing a job is not exclusively the husband's responsibility. Both spouses can work and contribute financially to the family's financial wellbeing and stability.
Counselling can also be a shared responsibility, as both husband and wife should support and guide each other emotionally.
In conclusion, of the options provided, the exclusive obligation of the husband is to ensure the provision of shelter for his family.

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According to the Quran, monotheism is not a form of shirk. Shirk refers to the act of associating partners or idols with Allah, which is considered a grave sin in Islamic belief.
Monotheism, on the other hand, is the belief in and worship of only one God. It is the fundamental concept in Islam, and Muslims are taught to believe in the oneness of God, known as "Tawheed."
The Quran repeatedly emphasizes the importance of monotheism and condemns the act of associating partners with Allah. This concept is summarized in the declaration of faith in Islam, the Shahada, which states, "There is no God but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger."
In contrast to monotheism, atheism is the belief that there is no God or higher power. While atheism does not involve associating partners with Allah, it goes against the central pillar of Islamic belief in the existence of a single God.
Therefore, the correct answer is atheism as it stands in opposition to the belief in the oneness of God and does not involve associating partners with Allah.

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The migration referred to in an-Nawawi's Hadith is the Hijrah, which took place in 622 C.E. This was when Prophet Muhammad and his followers migrated from Mecca to Medina. The Hijrah marks the beginning of the Islamic calendar, hence it is often referred to in Islamic literature.

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Salat Istikhara is a prayer for seeking divine guidance in decision-making. It is recommended when a Muslim is making a decision and seeks the guidance of Allah. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Istikhara'.

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The classifications of Hadith are used to categorize the authenticity and reliability of the narrations. The given options are:

Daif: This classification refers to weak Hadiths. These narrations have a weakness in either their chain of narrators or in the content of the Hadith itself. They are not considered strong or reliable enough to form a basis for beliefs or practices.

Mawdu: Mawdu Hadiths are fabricated or forged narrations that have been falsely attributed to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). These Hadiths were intentionally created by individuals for various reasons and are not considered authentic or reliable.

Sahih: Sahih refers to authentic Hadiths. These are narrations that have a strong and reliable chain of narrators and are in accordance with Islamic teachings. Sahih Hadiths are considered a reliable source of guidance and can be used to derive Islamic rulings and understand the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

Hasan: Hasan Hadiths are those that have a good, but not as strong, chain of narrators. While they are not as strong as Sahih Hadiths, they are still considered reliable and can be used as a source of guidance in matters of Islamic practice.

Therefore, from the given options, the classification of Hasam does not exist. It is not a recognized classification of Hadith.

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The article of Faith that is not among the options listed is miracles. Miracles are not considered an article of Faith in most religious traditions, including Islam.
In Islam, the articles of Faith are the fundamental beliefs that all Muslims must have in order to consider themselves believers. These articles include belief in God, belief in angels, belief in prophets, belief in scriptures, belief in the Day of Judgment, and belief in fate. These beliefs form the basis of the Islamic faith and guide Muslims in their worship and daily lives.
While miracles are often mentioned in religious texts and are associated with the actions of prophets, they are not considered a fundamental article of Faith. Miracles are extraordinary events that are believed to be caused by God's intervention in the natural order. However, the belief in miracles is not essential to the core principles of the Islamic faith.
It is important to note that different religious traditions may have different articles of Faith. This answer specifically addresses the Islamic perspective.

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In Quran 24:32, the injunction is that Muslims are encouraged to marry righteous partners. This means that it is recommended for Muslims to seek spouses who are pious, morally upright, and have good character. This verse does not command Muslims to marry more than one wife nor does it discourage polygamy. Its main emphasis is on the importance of choosing a spouse who is committed to their faith and leads a righteous life. Therefore, the correct option is that Quran 24:32 enjoins Muslims to marry righteous partners.

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The idol that was not a part of Jahilliyyah was al-Jibl.
Jahilliyyah refers to the pre-Islamic Arabian period of ignorance and idol worship. During this time, the Arabian Peninsula was inhabited by various tribes who venerated idols and practiced polytheism. They believed that these idols were intermediaries between them and the gods.
Out of the four options given, al-Jibl is the only idol that does not have a direct connection to the pre-Islamic period of Jahilliyyah. The other three idols, namely al-Manat, al-Uzzah, and al-Lat, were revered and worshipped by the Arabian tribes during that time.
One important thing to note is that when Islam emerged, the Prophet Muhammad preached against idol worship and encouraged monotheism. He declared that these idols, including al-Manat, al-Uzzah, and al-Lat, were false deities and had no power or influence.
By rejecting idol worship and promoting monotheism, Islam brought an end to the era of Jahilliyyah and established a new era of faith in one God, Allah.

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The Tahajjud prayer is observed between the night prayer of Isha and the dawn prayer of Fajr. It is a voluntary prayer that is performed during the late hours of the night. After offering the Isha prayer, which is performed after sunset, there is a window of time during the night when Tahajjud can be performed. This time varies depending on the region and the time of year. During this blessed time, Muslims wake up from their sleep in the middle of the night to engage in additional prayers and to seek closeness to Allah. The Tahajjud prayer is highly recommended as it allows individuals to have a personal and intimate connection with their Creator. In conclusion, the Tahajjud prayer is observed between the night prayer of Isha and the dawn prayer of Fajr. It is a time when Muslims wake up during the night to engage in additional prayers and seek closeness to Allah.

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The state into which the pilgrim enters before the time of Hajj is Ihram. Ihram is a sacred state that pilgrims enter into before performing Hajj or Umrah. It is a state of purity and devotion that involves specific rituals and restrictions.
When a pilgrim enters Ihram, they must dress in prescribed clothing, which consists of two unsewn white sheets for men and modest clothing for women. This simple attire symbolizes equality and unity among all pilgrims, regardless of their social status or wealth.
Entering into Ihram involves making intentions and pronouncing the Talbiyyah, which is a declaration of a pilgrim's dedication and intention to perform Hajj or Umrah. The Talbiyyah is recited throughout the pilgrimage as a constant reminder of the purpose and devotion of the pilgrim.
In this state of Ihram, certain restrictions are imposed. Pilgrims must abstain from activities such as cutting hair or nails, using perfumes or scented products, engaging in any form of sexual activity, and arguing or engaging in any form of violence. These restrictions are meant to shift the pilgrim's focus solely on the spiritual journey and to promote a peaceful and harmonious environment among fellow pilgrims.
By entering into Ihram, the pilgrim embraces a state of humbleness, purity, and dedication to their religious obligations. It serves as a reminder of the sacredness and significance of the pilgrimage and helps pilgrims to fully immerse themselves in the spiritual experience of Hajj or Umrah.

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In the context of Islamic beliefs, Al-Akhirah refers to the concept of the hereafter or the life after death. It encompasses the belief that there is a continuation of life after we die and that our actions in this world will be judged and rewarded or punished accordingly.
Similarly, Al-Qiyammah is a term used in Islam to refer to the concept of Resurrection. It signifies the belief that after death, there will be a day when all human beings will be resurrected and brought back to life in order to face judgment for their deeds.
So, the correct answer to the relationship between Al-Qiyammah and Al-Akhirah would be Resurrection. Al-Qiyammah is the event of resurrection, which is a part of the overall concept of Al-Akhirah or the hereafter in Islam.

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Fajr = 2
Jummah = 2
Asr = 4
Magrib = 3
Ishai = 4

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Have taqwa (fear) of Allah wherever you may be, and follow up a bad deed with a good deed which will wipe it out, and behave well towards the people. It was related by at-Tirmidhi, who said it was a hasan (good) hadeeth, and in some copies it is stated to be a hasan saheeh hadeeth.

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Halimah, the wet nurse of Muhammad(S.A.W.), hailed from the Banu Sa'ad tribe. The Banu Sa'ad tribe was a branch of the larger tribe called Hawazin. They lived in the region of Najd, which is located in the central part of the Arabian Peninsula. When Muhammad(S.A.W.) was born, his mother had passed away and it was common practice in Arabia for infants to be breastfed by a wet nurse. Halimah, who belonged to the Banu Sa'ad tribe, was chosen as Muhammad(S.A.W.)'s wet nurse. Halimah and her husband took care of Muhammad(S.A.W.) during his early years, providing him with nourishment and care. It is said that during this time, Halimah's flock of sheep grew healthier and produced more milk than before, which was seen as a sign of blessing and goodness. Being raised among the Banu Sa'ad tribe, Muhammad(S.A.W.) gained valuable insights and knowledge about tribal customs, traditions, and ways of life. This upbringing would later play a significant role in his leadership and dealings with different tribes in Arabia. In summary, Halimah, the wet nurse of Muhammad(S.A.W.), belonged to the Banu Sa'ad tribe, which was a branch of the Hawazin tribe, residing in the region of Najd in central Arabia.

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The Surah which begins with four oaths is Surah at-Tin. In this Surah, Allah takes four solemn oaths to emphasize the importance of the message that is to follow. The use of oath is a rhetorical device to grab the attention of the listener and highlight the significance of what is being said. The Surah begins with the oath by the fig, then the oath by the olive, followed by the oath by Mount Sinai, and finally, the oath by this city (Makkah). These oaths serve as a way to capture the attention of the listeners and make them reflect upon the greatness of Allah's creation. Each oath corresponds to a specific lesson or message. The fig represents God's perfect creation and its sweetness can be seen as a symbol of the sweetness and goodness found in obedience to Allah. The olive is another tree that is mentioned in the Quran, and it symbolizes peace and blessings. Mount Sinai is the place where Prophet Musa (Moses) received the revelation from Allah, highlighting the importance of divine guidance. And the city, Makkah, holds great significance as the birthplace of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the center of Islam. The Surah continues to deliver a powerful message of gratitude, warning, and a reminder of human responsibilities. It emphasizes that those who do righteous deeds, believe in Allah, and follow His guidance will be rewarded with a blissful life, while those who reject the truth and engage in wrongdoing will face consequences. In summary, Surah at-Tin begins with four oaths to grab the attention of the listeners and highlight the importance of the message that follows. Each oath symbolizes a specific lesson and serves to remind us of Allah's greatness and the importance of following His guidance. The Surah emphasizes the importance of righteousness, gratitude, and warns against the consequences of rejecting the truth.

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Imam an-Nasai spent his days in Khurasan. Khurasan is a historical region located in northeastern Iran, parts of Afghanistan, and Central Asia. It was a very important cultural and intellectual center during Imam an-Nasai's time.
Imam an-Nasai was a renowned scholar and had a deep knowledge of the hadith (sayings and actions of Prophet Muhammad). He spent a significant amount of time in Khurasan, studying, collecting, and teaching hadiths.
Khurasan was known for its vibrant scholarly community and was home to many prominent Islamic scholars. Imam an-Nasai benefited from the rich intellectual environment of Khurasan and devoted himself to the study and preservation of the hadiths.
His dedication in collecting hadiths led to the compilation of a famous book called "Sunan an-Nasai," which is one of the six most authentic books of hadiths in Sunni Islam. This book contains a collection of hadiths along with their chains of narrators, making it a valuable resource for scholars and students of Islamic knowledge.
In conclusion, Imam an-Nasai spent his days in Khurasan, where he immersed himself in the study of hadiths and contributed greatly to the preservation of Islamic knowledge through his compilation of "Sunan an-Nasai."

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The Suratud-Duha in the Quran consists of a total of 11 verses. If we exclude the last verse from this surah, we are left with the remaining verses. Therefore, without the last verse, the remaining verses are 10.
To summarize: - Suratud-Duha has 11 verses in total. - If we remove the last verse from this surah, we are left with the remaining verses. - Hence, without the last verse, the remaining verses in Suratud-Duha are 10.
Therefore, the correct answer is 10.

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It discourages innovation in religion.

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In the Quran chapter 95 verse 3, Makkah is referred to as the city of *security*. This means that Makkah is a place of safety and protection. It is a city where people can feel secure and have peace of mind. This verse highlights the importance of security in Makkah and emphasizes the sacredness and tranquility of the city. Makkah is considered to be a holy city in Islam, and millions of Muslims visit it every year for the pilgrimage known as Hajj. During this time, the city is filled with worshippers from around the world, and it is essential for them to feel safe and protected during their journey. The mention of Makkah as the city of security in the Quran highlights the significance of this aspect and emphasizes the importance of creating a peaceful and secure environment for the people who visit and reside in Makkah.

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Imam Muslim, a prominent scholar of Hadith, was born in 817 CE and died in 875 CE. However, his most significant work, Sahih Muslim, was completed in 888 CE.

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The last verse of Suratut-Tin describes Allah as the 'Judge'. The verse is 'Is not Allah the most just of judges?' (Surah At-Tin, 95:8). Therefore, the correct answer is 'Judge'.

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The phrase 'Alaysal-Llahu biahkamil-Hakimin' is from the Quran (95:8) and it translates to 'Is not Allah the most just of judges?'. Therefore, it implies that Allah is the best Judge.

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Surah an-Nasr (Q. 110) discusses the victory of Islam and the rapid expansion of the Muslim community. Therefore, the major teaching of this Surah is that Islam has a bright future.

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According to Islamic law, a Muslim man is permitted to marry his late wife's sister. However, he is not permitted to marry his foster mother, his late father's wife, or his foster sister.

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Ashura, Qada', Tasu'a, and Sittah Shawwal are all types of voluntary fasting that can be observed by Muslims. However, there is one option among the given choices that does not fall under the category of voluntary fasting.
Ashura is the voluntary fasting observed on the 10th day of Muharram, the first month of the Islamic calendar. It is a recommended fast as it holds significance in Islamic history, such as the day when Prophet Musa (Moses) and the Israelites were saved from Pharaoh. It is not obligatory, but highly recommended.
Qada' refers to making up for any obligatory fast that was missed due to a valid reason, such as illness or travel. In this case, it is not a voluntary fasting, but rather a required act to compensate for the missed fast.
Tasu'a is the voluntary fasting observed on the 9th day of Muharram. It is an optional fast, mostly practiced by Shia Muslims in commemoration of the martyrdom of Imam Hussain, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, who was killed in the battle of Karbala.
Sittah Shawwal refers to the voluntary fasting observed for six consecutive days in the month of Shawwal, immediately after the conclusion of Ramadan. It is a recommended act and is encouraged as a way to gain more rewards after the compulsory fasting of Ramadan.
Therefore, among the given options, Qada' is the one that does not fall under voluntary fasting. Qada' fasting is a necessary requirement to make up for any missed obligatory fasts, whereas the others are recommended but not obligatory.

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The following nullifies an Islamic marriage if it is not fulfilled except marriage feast. In Islamic law, the marriage feast (Walima) is a Sunnah (practice of the Prophet) and not a requirement for the validity of the marriage.

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Lawhul-Mahfudh is a Quranic term that refers to the Preserved Tablet in Islam. According to Islamic beliefs, the Quran is considered to be the literal word of God, revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the angel Gabriel over the course of 23 years.
The Lawhul-Mahfudh is seen as a sacred tablet where the entirety of the Quran has been recorded since the beginning of time. It is believed to be an eternal and unchangeable copy of the Quran that exists in the heavenly realm.
The Lawhul-Mahfudh is associated with the Quran in terms of preservation. It signifies that the Quran has been meticulously protected and safeguarded from any alterations or distortions throughout history. The belief is that every word and letter of the Quran has remained unchanged since it was first revealed. This is considered a miraculous aspect of the Quran and demonstrates its authenticity and divinity.
While the options provided also touch on other aspects related to the Quran, such as memorization, compilation, and recitation, the term Lawhul-Mahfudh specifically emphasizes the concept of preservation. It reflects the belief that the Quran is not only a book that was compiled and memorized by early Muslims, but also a divine scripture that has been safeguarded by God Himself.

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Have taqwa (fear) of Allah wherever you may be, and follow up a bad deed with a good deed which will wipe it out, and behave well towards the people.

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Hadith 16 of an-Nawawi is about controlling anger. The Hadith says: 'I asked the Messenger of Allah: Who is the best among the people? He replied, 'The one who, when you look at him, you remember Allah.' Then I asked: Then who? He replied, 'The one who does not harm the Muslims with his tongue and hands.' Then I asked: Then who? He replied, 'The one who controls his anger.'

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Talaq al-Bida'ah is a type of divorce that takes effect when it is pronounced in a specific manner. To understand this, let's break down the conditions: 1. Firstly, the divorce should be pronounced when the wife is still in her marital home. This means that the husband cannot divorce his wife when she is away from their shared residence. 2. Secondly, the divorce should be pronounced when the wife is purified of her menses. In Islamic law, a divorce cannot be validly pronounced during a woman's menstrual cycle. It can only be done when she is in a period of purity. 3. Thirdly, the divorce can be either pronounced verbally or in writing. This means that the husband can say the words of divorce out loud or write them down and communicate it to his wife. 4. Finally, Talaq al-Bida'ah takes effect when the husband pronounces the divorce three times simultaneously. This means that he has to state divorce words such as "I divorce you" three times in one instance. It is important for the husband to utter the divorce words only once, but with the understanding that it counts as three divorces. It is essential to understand that Talaq al-Bida'ah, also known as triple divorce or instant divorce, is considered highly discouraged in Islam. Scholars emphasize the importance of reconciliation and exhausting other means of resolving marital disputes before resorting to this form of divorce.

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In the Qur'an, there are certain phrases or verses that are given special significance and are repeated frequently. These phrases are known as ad-Dhikr. Ad-Dhikr helps to emphasize and reinforce important concepts in the Qur'an. It serves as a reminder and a way to keep certain teachings and principles fresh in the minds of the believers.
Similarly, in the Qur'an, there is a chapter that is considered to be the essence and summary of the entire book. This chapter is known as Ummul-Kitab, which translates to "the Mother of the Book" or "the Opening". Ummul-Kitab, also known as Al-Fatihah, is the first chapter of the Qur'an and it holds great significance.
So, to answer the question, the relationship between ad-Dhikr and the Qur'an is similar to the relationship between Ummul-Kitab and Al-Fatihah. Ad-Dhikr is a general term referring to various repeated phrases in the Qur'an, while Ummul-Kitab specifically refers to the first chapter, Al-Fatihah, which is considered the summary and essence of the entire Qur'an.
Therefore, the answer is Fatihah.

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According to Hadith 34 of an-Nawawi, the weakest form of faith is changing an evil with the heart, which means hating it and feeling that it is wrong. This is considered the least that can be done when encountering evil.

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Ijma' as a secondary source of Islamic law refers to the consensus opinion of scholars. It means that when scholars unanimously agree on a particular ruling or interpretation of Islamic law, it becomes a reliable source for deriving legal rulings. This consensus is based on the collective wisdom and knowledge of the scholars who specialize in Islamic jurisprudence. Ijma' provides stability and continuity in interpreting and applying Islamic law as it ensures that the understanding of the religion remains consistent over time. It is considered an essential source because it represents the agreement of experts who have extensively studied and analyzed the Islamic texts and principles. It is important to note that ijma' is not based on the number of scholars who agree, but rather on the agreement of the qualified scholars who possess deep knowledge and expertise in Islamic law. This ensures that the consensus is reliable and reflective of the true spirit and teachings of Islam. Ijma' serves as an established basis for justice because it helps prevent individual interpretations from being imposed on the general Muslim community. It promotes unity and harmony among Muslims by providing a common understanding of the law. Overall, ijma' is a significant secondary source of Islamic law that relies on the consensus opinion of qualified scholars. It helps ensure the stability, consistency, and justice in the interpretation and application of Islamic law. Therefore, it holds a crucial role in shaping the legal framework of Islamic societies.

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Marriage is a special and important relationship between two individuals that serves many purposes. However, it is important to note that not all functions of marriage are related to personal or material gain. One of the functions that marriage does not fulfill is a quick means of getting rich.
Marriage provides many important functions, such as sexual satisfaction, the foundation of family life, and security in old age.
Firstly, sexual satisfaction is an essential function of marriage. It allows two individuals to build an intimate physical connection, fostering love and emotional well-being within the relationship.
Secondly, marriage serves as the foundation of family life. It is where couples come together to form a family unit, creating a stable and nurturing environment for children to grow and develop emotionally, socially, and psychologically.
Thirdly, marriage provides security in old age. As couples grow older, they can rely on each other for emotional and financial support. This helps to alleviate concerns about loneliness and financial instability in the later stages of life.
However, marriage is not a quick means of getting rich. While a strong and healthy marriage can provide economic stability, it is not a guaranteed shortcut to amassing wealth. Financial success requires effort, hard work, and smart decision-making, both individually and as a couple.
In conclusion, marriage fulfills important functions such as sexual satisfaction, serving as the foundation of family life, and offering security in old age. However, it should not be viewed as a means of quickly acquiring wealth.

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Tayammum is a dry ablution in Islamic ritual purification for prayer, which involves the use of clean soil or dust when water is not available or cannot be used for reasons such as illness. Therefore, the correct answer is 'access to water is very difficult'.

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The first pledge of Aqabah was signed in 621 C.E.
The pledge of Aqabah was a significant event in the early history of Islam. It took place in the city of Aqabah, near Mecca, in the year 621 C.E. This event marked a turning point in the spread of Islam and the relationship between the Muslim community and the people of Medina.
During this pledge, a group of twelve people from the city of Medina, known as the Ansar or supporters, met with the Prophet Muhammad and made a commitment to support and protect him and his followers. This pledge showed their faith in Islam and their willingness to join the growing Muslim community.
The significance of this pledge was that it provided a safe haven for Muslims who were facing persecution in Mecca. It also laid the foundation for the migration of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers from Mecca to Medina, which would later become the capital of the Islamic state.
In summary, the first pledge of Aqabah was signed in the year 621 C.E. It was a crucial event in the history of Islam, signifying the support and protection of the Prophet Muhammad and his followers by the people of Medina. This pledge played a vital role in the expansion and establishment of the Muslim community.

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The phrase 'Iqra' warabbukal' akram' is from the first revelation of the Quran to Prophet Muhammad. It is followed by 'Alladhi' alama bil qalam', which translates to 'Who taught by the pen'.

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According to a Hadith of Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W.), 'Seeking knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim, male and female.' Therefore, the correct answer is 'Male and Female'

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Permanent exemption from Ramadan fast may be occasioned by old age. According to Islamic jurisprudence, elderly people who find it extremely difficult to fast are allowed to break their fast and instead feed a poor person for each day they do not fast.

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The Prophet's uncle who succeeded Abu Talib as the Head of the Banu Hashum was Hamzah